Retrieving the origin and transformation history of dissolved organic matter in the surface sediment from an Arctic fjord

CAI Minghong; XIAO Yihua; WANG Feng; LU Zhibo; HUANG Qinghui

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CAI Minghong, XIAO Yihua, WANG Feng, LU Zhibo, HUANG Qinghui. Retrieving the origin and transformation history of dissolved organic matter in the surface sediment from an Arctic fjord[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2012, 34(6): 102-113.

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Retrieving the origin and transformation history of dissolved organic matter in the surface sediment from an Arctic fjord

1.
Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 200092, China;Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 200092, China

Received Date: 2011-11-24
Rev Recd Date: 2012-07-01

Abstract

Abstract

Twenty eight surface sediment samples were collected from the Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) in Arctic Area. We measured the molecular weight distribution, UV-Visible absorbance spectrum and three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of water soluble organic matter (also named dissolved organic matter, DOM) in the sediment. Moreover, the fluorescence components and sources of DOM were resolved by using parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). It was showed that the contents of chromatophoric DOM (CDOM) and fluorescent DOM (FDOM) had a tendency to accumulate gradually from the head to the mouth in this arctic fjord. But the ratio of FDOM to CDOM decreased gradually, which is closely related to the aging process of sediment DOM. It is mainly due to the long-term photodegradation and biodegradation, and the weakening sedimentation, which also contributes to the accumulation of humic substances and small molecules. FDOM in the sediment comprised three fluorescent components including terrestrial humic-like material, autochthonous humic-like and protein-like material. The spectral slope ratio (S_R) decreased with the increase of the percentage of autochthonous DOM while it increased with the increase of the ratio of terrestrial DOM to autochthonous DOM. The humification index (HIX) increased with the increase of humic-like to protein-like ratio and water depth while the biological origin index (BIX) increased with the autochthonous percentage increasing. Large spatial variability of the composition and sources of sedimentary organic matter was found in this fjord. In the glacial bay area, sediment DOM mainly came from the newly transport and transformation of particulate organic matter (POM) in the water column; in the center and mouth of the fjord, sediment DOM was dominated by old humic substances, which originate from the long-term of transport and transformation of DOM in the water column. The spectral fingerprint of CDOM acts as a proxy for revealing the origins and transformation history of dissolved organic matter in the sediment. It is significant for exploring the evolution of fjord environment under the interaction of ocean and glacier.
- Arctic fjord,
- surface sediment,
- dissolved organic matter,
- glacier,
- spectral fingerprint

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