Indices of classification and nomenclature for deep-sea sediment and principal component analysis

ZHANG Fu-yuan; ZHANG Wei-yan; ZHANG Xiao-yu; CHEN Kui-ying; MENG Yi; YAO Xu-ying; ZHAO Hong-qiao

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ZHANG Fu-yuan, ZHANG Wei-yan, ZHANG Xiao-yu, CHEN Kui-ying, MENG Yi, YAO Xu-ying, ZHAO Hong-qiao. Indices of classification and nomenclature for deep-sea sediment and principal component analysis[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2010, 32(6): 118-129.

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Indices of classification and nomenclature for deep-sea sediment and principal component analysis

1.
Key Laboratory of State Oceanic Administration for Submarine Sciences, Second Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China; Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
2.
Earth Science Department,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
3.
National Marine Data & Information Service, State Oceanic Administration,Tianjin 300171, China
4.
Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062, China

Received Date: 2010-07-15
Rev Recd Date: 2010-11-08

Abstract

Abstract

The grain size and content of clay from surface sediments in accordance with water depth of less than 200 m, 200~2 000 m and more than 2 000 m in the central South China Sea (118 surface sediment samples with water depth from 82 to 4 420 m) and eastern South China Sea (106 surface sediment samples with water depth from 700 to 4508m) were statistically analyzed. The results indicate that the average grain size and content of clay have distinctly regular changes with water depth; furthermore, no remarkable change with water depth is found when the water depth over 2 000 m is further subdivided into over 2 500 m, over 3 000 m and over 3 500 m. For the depth range of water over 2 000 m, the average grain size and content of clay in the sediment samples from the central South China Sea are 3.39~3.54 μm and 54.91%~55.47% respectively, which are slightly higher than those from the eastern South China Sea (3.25~3.37 μm and 53.91%~54.56%). As a result, the water depth of 2 000 m has a significant indicator to classify deep sea sediment. The average content and grain size of clay for sediments in the central South China Sea in the depth range of water over 2 000 m are 55.19% and 3.39 μm, respectively. In the eastern South China Sea with water depth over 2 000 m, the content of clay is 53.91%, and the average grain size is 3.37 μm. In general, the average grain size of surface sediments is less than 4 μm, while the average content of clay is higher than 50% in both central and eastern South China Sea with water depth over 2 000 m.The clay content is an independent index representative for abiotic components, and has been adopted to classify deep-sea sediment combined with calcareous and siliceous components. 55 elements in the sediment samples from the eastern South China Sea were also detected, accounting for about 47.50% of the total content. Among them, the content for the main elements of silicon,aluminium,titanium,sodium, potassium,phosphorus,calcium,magnesium,iron and manganese is 47.03%, while only 0.47% is measured in association with other trace 45 elements. Although the sediments were originated from various sources through different causes, their chemical compositions were quite simple, mainly composed of the 10 major elements, together with oxygen. Moreover, aluminium,calcium and silicon were found to be separately accumulated in clay and calcareous and siliceous sediments. Besides, CaCO₃ and SiO₂ may be considered as alternative indices for calcareous and siliceous organisms through establishing the quantitative relationship between biogenic components and the content of CaCO₃,Al₂O₃and SiO₂ in surface sediments.
- classification of sediment in deep sea,
- water depth,
- average grain size,
- content of clay,
- indices,
- principal component analysis

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References(32)

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