The relationship between dissolved inorganic nitrogen and fresh-saline water mixing during summer in the Changjiang Estuary and the adjacent East China Sea

WANG Kui; CHEN Jian-fang; XU Jie; JIN Ming-ming; JIN Hai-yan; LI Hong-liang; GAO Sheng-quan; LU Yong; HUANG Da-ji

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Haiyang Xuebao > 2010 > 32(4): 77-87

WANG Kui, CHEN Jian-fang, XU Jie, JIN Ming-ming, JIN Hai-yan, LI Hong-liang, GAO Sheng-quan, LU Yong, HUANG Da-ji. The relationship between dissolved inorganic nitrogen and fresh-saline water mixing during summer in the Changjiang Estuary and the adjacent East China Sea[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2010, 32(4): 77-87.

Citation:

PDF( 915 KB)

The relationship between dissolved inorganic nitrogen and fresh-saline water mixing during summer in the Changjiang Estuary and the adjacent East China Sea

1.
Laboratory of State Oceanic Administration for Marine Ecological System and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012,China;Department of Geoscience, Zhejiang Vniversity, Hangzhou 310012, China
2.
Laboratory of State Oceanic Administration for Marine Ecological System and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012,China
3.
Atmospheric, Marine and Coastal Environmental Program, Hong Kong University of Scicence and Technology, Hong Kong

Received Date: 2009-09-27

Abstract

Abstract

The spatial variations in nitrate (NO^-₃), nitrite (NO^-₂) and ammonium (NH⁺₄) concentrations in the Changjiang Estuary and the adjacent East China Sea were described on the basis of the summer cruise in 2006. NO^-₃ concentrations decreased along a salinity gradient. Owing to the input of the sewage from Shanghai City NO^-₂ and NH^-₄ concentrations were very high (up to 8.64, 19.81 μmol/dm³ respectively) in the Changjiang Estuaxy area and decreased seaward. Generally NO^-₃ and NH⁺₄ concentrations were significantly correlated with salinity, with the coefficient (r²) of 0.815 and 0.255 respectively, suggesting that these two nutrients behaved nearly conservatively, while NO^-₂ did not behave conservatively (r²=0.074). Theoretical dilution line (TDL) was obtained by assuming river and ocean end-members. NO^-₃, NO^-₂ and NH⁺₄ concentrations were above values expected for a conservative mixing relationship with salinity at the freshwater end member due to high nitrogen input from the sewage effluence, and in deep water at the oceanic stations because of the decomposition of the organic matter. In contrast, at the salinity plume with high dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations, the surface NO^-₃ concentrations were below values expected for the conservative mixing by 1~19 mol/dm³, as a result of high primary production in the euphotic zone, where NO^-₂ and NH⁺₄ concentrations were also negatively deviated to various extents. In waters with the highest turbidity in the Changjiang Estuary, NH⁺₄ was removed due to the adsorption of suspended matter. Overall, NO^-₃, NO^-₂ and NH⁺₄ concentrations at the surface at the oceanic stations deviated from the TDL to less extent, while their concentrations at the bottom were generally beyond values expected for the TDL because the organic matter from the photic zone decomposed and nutrients regenerated.
- Changjiang Estuary,
- nitrate,
- nitrite,
- ammonium,
- theoretical dilution line

FullText(HTML)

References(55)

References

BAO X, MASATAKA W, WANG Q, et al. Nitrogen budgets of agricultural fields of the Changjiang River basin from 1980 to 1990[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2006, 363: 136—148.

沈志良. 三峡工程对长江口海区营养盐分布变化影响的研究[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1991, 22(6): 540—546.

晏维金, 章申, 王嘉慧. 长江流域氮的生物地球化学循环及其对输送无机氮的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2001, 56(5): 505—514.

EDMOND J M, SPIVACK A, GRANT B C, e al. Chemical dynamics of the estuary of the Changjiang River //Proceedings of International Symposium on Sedimentation on the Continental Shelf,n1. with special reference to the East China Sea. Beijing:China Ocean Press, 1983.251—262.

ZHANG J, ZHANG Z F, LIU S M. Human impacts on the large world rivers: would the Changjiang (Yangtze River) be an illustration? [J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 1999, 13: 1099—1105.

李道季, 张经, 黄大吉, 等. 长江口外氧的亏损[J]. 中国科学:D辑, 2002, 32(8): 686—694.

周名江, 颜天, 邹景忠. 长江口邻近海域赤潮发生区基本特征初探[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(7): 1031—1038.

周名江, 朱明远, 张经. 中国赤潮的发生趋势和研究进展[J]. 生命科学, 2001, 13(2): 53—59.

孙霞, 王保栋, 王修林, 等. 东海赤潮高发区营养盐时空分布特征及其控制要素[J]. 海洋科学, 2004, 28(8): 28—32.

王保栋, 战闰, 臧家业. 长江口及其邻近海域营养盐的分布特征和输送途径[J]. 海洋学报, 2002, 24(1): 53—58.

周俊丽, 刘征涛, 孟伟, 等. 长江口营养盐浓度变化及分布特征[J]. 环境科学研究, 2006, 19(6): 139—144.

韩秀荣, 王修林, 孙霞, 等. 东海近海海域营养盐分布特征及其与赤潮发生关系的初步研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(7): 1097—1101.

叶仙森, 张勇, 项有堂. 长江口海域营养盐的分布特征及其成因[J]. 海洋通报, 2000, 19(1): 89—92.

WONG G T F, GONG G C, LIU K K, et al.Excess nitrate in the East China Sea[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science, 1998, 46(3): 411—418.

TIAN R C, HU F X, MARTIN J M. Summer nutrient fronts in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1993, 37: 27—41.

KATTNER G. Storage of dissolved inorganic nutrients in seawater: poisoning with mercuric chloride[J]. Marine Chemistry, 1999, 67: 61—66.

胡方西, 胡辉, 谷国传, 等. 长江河口盐度锋[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1995, 26(5):23—31.

浦泳修. 夏季长江冲淡水的扩展机制初析[J]. 东海海洋, 1983(1): 43—51.

沈志良, 刘群, 张淑美, 等. 长江和长江口高含量无机氮的主要控制因素[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2001, 32(5): 465—473.

刘成, 王兆印, 何耘, 等. 上海污水排放口水域水质和底质分析[J]. 中国水利水电科学研究院学报, 2003, 1(4): 275—280.

GUO L D, ZHANG J Z, GUEGUEN C. Speciation and fluxes of nutrients (N, P, Si) from the upper Yukon River[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2004, 18:GB1038,doi: 10.1029/2003GB002152.

MEYBECK M. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus transport by world rivers[J]. Am J Science, 1982, 282: 401—450.

HEAD P C. Practical Estuarine Chemistry: a Handbook . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1985.

PARK P K, OSTERBERG C L, FORSTER W O. Chemical budget of the Columbia River[M]//PRUTER A T, ALVERSON D L.The Columbia River Estuary and Adjacent Ocean Waters. Seattle: University of Washington Press,1972.34—123.

EYRE B,ALLS P. A comparative study of nutrient behavior along the salinity gradient of tropical and temperate Estuaries[J]. Estuaries, 1999, 22(2A): 313—326.

DAVIES P. Nutrient processes and chlorophyll in the estuaries and plume of the Gulf of Papua[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2004, 24: 2317—2341.

PETERSON D H, CONOMOS T J, BROENKOW W W, et al. Processes controlling the dissolved silica in San Francisco Bay[M]//CRONIN L E.Estuarine Research, v1. Chemistry, Biology and Estuarine System.New York:Academic Press,1975:87—153.

LISS P S. Conservative and non-conservative behavior of dissolved constituents during estuarine mixing[M]//BURTON J D, LISS P S.Estuarine Chemistry.London:Academic Press,1976:93—130.

MORRIS A W, BALE A J, HOWLAND R J M. Nutrient distributions in an estuary: evidence of chemical precipitation of dissolved silicate and phosphate[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1981, 12:16—205.

中国海湾志编纂委员会.中国海湾志 :第十四分册.北京: 海洋出版社, 1998. 545—584.

ZHANG J, LIU M G. Observations on nutrient elements and sulphate in atmospheric wet depositions over the northwest Pacific coastal oceans-Yellow Sea[J]. Marine Chemistry, 1994, 47:173—189.

苏纪兰. 中国近海的环流动力机制研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2001, 23(4):1—16.

毛汉礼, 任允武, 万国铭. 浅海水团的定性分析:T-S 点聚图运用的初步调查[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1964, 6:1—22.

刘素美, 张经, 陈洪涛. 黄海和东海生源要素的化学海洋学[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2000, 19(1): 68—74.

GLIBERT P M. Regional strudies of daily, seasonal and size fraction variability in ammonium reminerilization[J]. Marine Biology, 1982, 70: 209—222.

BOYER J N, STANLEY D W, CHRISTIAN R R. Dynamics of NH⁺₄ and NO^-₃ uptake in the water column of the Neuse River Estuary[J]. North Carolina Estuaries, 1994, 17: 361—371.

RISER S C, JOHNSON K S. Net production of oxygen in the subtropical ocean[J]. Nature, 2008, 451(17): 323—326.

CRAIG H, HAYWARD T. Oxygen supersaturation in the ocean: biological versus physical contribution[J]. Science, 1987, 235:199—202.

石晓勇, 王修林, 陆茸, 等. 东海赤潮高发区春季溶解氧和pH分布特征及影响因素探讨[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2005, 36(5): 404—412.

CAI W J, REIMERS C E. Benthic oxygen flux, bottom water oxygen concentration and core top organic carbon content in the deep northeast Pacific Ocean[J]. Deep Sea Research: II, 1995, 42(10): 1681—1699.

SARMIENTO J L, GRUBER N, Ocean Biogeochemical Dynamics[M]. Princeton:Princeton University Press,2004.

徐韧, 洪君超, 王桂兰, 等. 长江口及其邻近海域的赤潮现象[J]. 海洋通报, 1994, 13(5): 25—29.

朱德弟, 潘玉球, 许卫忆, 等. 长江口外赤潮频发海区水文分布特征分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(7): 1131—1134.

CHEN C C, GONG G C, SHIAH F K. Hypoxia in the East China Sea: one of the largest coastal low-oxygen areas in the world[J]. Marine Environmental Research, 2007, 64: 399—408.

朱建荣, 肖成猷, 沈焕庭, 等. 黄海冷水团对长江冲淡水扩展的影响[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1998, 29(4): 389—394.

赵保仁, LIMEBERNER R, 胡敦欣, 等. 黄海南部及东海北部夏季若干水文特征[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1991, 22(2): 132—139.

王保栋. 南黄海营养盐的垂直分布特征及其垂向输运规律[J]. 海洋环境科学, 1999, 18(1): 13—18.

沈涣庭, 潘定安, 长江河口最大浑浊带[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社,2001.

MACKIN J E, ALLER R C. Ammonium adsorption in marine sediment[J]. Limnology and Oceanography, 1984, 29: 250—257.

RYSGAA S, THASTUM P, DALSGAARD T, e al. Effects of salinity on NH⁺₄ adsorption capacity, nitrification, and denitrification in Danish estuary sediments[J]. Estuaries, 1999, 22:52—59.

刘敏, 侯立军, 许世远, 等. 长江口潮滩表层沉积物对NH⁺₄,N的吸附特征[J]. 海洋学报, 2005, 27(5): 60—66.

REDFIELD A C, KETCHUM B H, RICHARDS F A. The influence of organisms on the composition of seawater[M]//HILL M N. The Sea. New York:Wiley J, 1963:26—77.

HEDGES J I, BALDOCK J A, GELINAS Y, et al. The biochemical and elemental compositions of marine plankton: a NMR perspective[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2002, 78:47—63.

EITARO W, AKIHIKO H. Nitrogen in the Sea: Forms, Abundances, and Rate Processes[M]. Boca Raton, Boston: CRC Press,1991.

TWOMEY L J, PIEHLER M F, PAERL H W. Phytoplankton uptake of ammonium, nitrate and urea in the Neuse River Esturary, NC, USA[J]. Hydrobiologia, 2005, 533:123—134.

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views