Open water variability in the North Pole from 1982 to 2016

Li Haili; Ke Changqing

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.12.011

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Li Haili, Ke Changqing. Open water variability in the North Pole from 1982 to 2016[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2017, 39(12): 109-121. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.12.011

Citation:

Li Haili, Ke Changqing. Open water variability in the North Pole from 1982 to 2016[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2017, 39(12): 109-121. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.12.011

Li Haili, Ke Changqing. Open water variability in the North Pole from 1982 to 2016[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2017, 39(12): 109-121. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.12.011

Citation:

Li Haili, Ke Changqing. Open water variability in the North Pole from 1982 to 2016[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2017, 39(12): 109-121. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.12.011

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Open water variability in the North Pole from 1982 to 2016

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.12.011

School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China

Received Date: 2017-03-24
Rev Recd Date: 2017-07-10

Abstract

Abstract

For nearly thirty years, the Arctic sea ice coverage shrink sharply, with significant changes in open water too. In this thesis, we used the sea ice concentration products from the National Snow and Ice Center and sea surface temperature data from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to analyze the variability of open water area and the length of the open water season from 1982 to 2016. We further analyzed the sea surface temperature's influence on the spatio-temporal variability of open water. The results indicated that the open water area of the North Pole increased at a rate of 55.89×10³km²/a, sea ice retreat time in advance at a rate of 0.77 days per year on average, sea ice advance time delayed at a rate of 0.82 days per year on average, causing the length of the open water season increased at a rate of 1.59 days per year. In 2016, open water and the length of open water season reached maximum since there were remote sensing observation data, the value were 13.52×10⁶ km² and 182 days respectively. Nine partitions have different change about the variability of open water, it was found that the seas which affected the open water most were Arctic Ocean core region, Kara and Barents seas. Sea surface temperature has an important influence on the change of open water, its influence extent has a close relationship with the degree of latitude. For high latitude, sea surface temperature's influence for open water was larger than low latitude.
- sea ice concentration,
- open water area,
- the length of open water season,
- sea surface temperature

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References(33)

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