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Wu Fengrun, Tong Chunfu. Evolution of the North Branch of Yangtze Estuary in last 30 years and corresponding effects on species diversity[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2017, 39(2): 72-85. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.02.007
Citation: Wu Fengrun, Tong Chunfu. Evolution of the North Branch of Yangtze Estuary in last 30 years and corresponding effects on species diversity[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2017, 39(2): 72-85. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.02.007

Evolution of the North Branch of Yangtze Estuary in last 30 years and corresponding effects on species diversity

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.02.007
  • Received Date: 2016-06-20
  • Rev Recd Date: 2016-10-09
  • The evolution characteristics of the anabranched estuary and their ecological effects are important issues of current estuarine and coastal research. The North Branch is one of the first order bifurcations of Yangtze Estuary. Its evolution would have profound effects on regional ecological and environmental conditions. In this study, we expounded the evolution characteristics of the North Branch of Yangtze Estuary in last 30 years, based on the pre-existing results and also the remote sensing image analysis. Together with the recent ecological investigation in the water area, their corresponding effects on species diversity were discussed thoroughly. The results proved that the prominent feature of the evolution was that the middle and upper segments of the North Branch got narrowed significantly, while the lower segment was less narrowed and still had a funnel shape. A large number of reclamations taken place in the middle and upper areas were responsible for this. With the changes of river regime, the water depth, channel volume and the split ratio of water of the North Branch decreased, while the split ratio of sediment went up. These had contributed to the intensive saltwater intrusions into the North Branch, and also the increased risks of the sediment and saltwater spilling into the South Branch. The North Branch evolution altered the salinity conditions of the water, which led to the dominant biomes appeared to be those adapted to the high salinity and brackish water. Furthermore, the variations of the water depth, hydrodynamic and sediment concentration of the water could also have effects on the biomes. However, at present, the North Branch was still an important habitat and nursery area for many biomes, such as the benthic macroinvertebrates, the fishes and so on, and still had higher biodiversity. As a consequence, we need to sustain the ecosystem structure and functions of the area to ensure the sustainable development of the region. We also need a comprehensive analysis on the basis of effective monitoring in the future to reveal the evolution trends of the North Branch and their corresponding effects.
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