The effects of north wind speed in winter on saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary

Li Linjiang; Zhu Jianrong

doi:10.12284/hyxb2021099

Volume 43 Issue 10

Oct. 2021

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Haiyang Xuebao > 2021 > 43(10): 10-22

Li Linjiang，Zhu Jianrong. The effects of north wind speed in winter on saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2021, 43(10)：10–22 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021099

Citation:

Li Linjiang，Zhu Jianrong. The effects of north wind speed in winter on saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2021, 43(10)：10–22 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021099

Citation:

Li Linjiang，Zhu Jianrong. The effects of north wind speed in winter on saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2021, 43(10)：10–22 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021099

PDF( 6968 KB)

The effects of north wind speed in winter on saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021099

Li Linjiang^{1, 2, 3
,},
Zhu Jianrong^{2
,
,}

1.
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
3.
Innovation Center of Ocean-Atmosphere System Observation and Prediction, Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute, Zhuhai 518057, China

Received Date: 2020-04-11
Rev Recd Date: 2020-12-26

Available Online: 2021-07-09

Publish Date: 2021-10-30

Abstract

Abstract

Using the 3-D numerical model Ecom-si, saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary and water take in the Qingcaosha Reservoir under different wind speeds are studied. Model results show that the high saline water in Subei is transported southward to the Changjiang Estuary. Ekman transport drives a surge along the coast and a horizontal circulation in the Changjiang Estuary, which enters the North Channel (NC) and exit through the South Channel. This process increases salinity in the NC. Under the mean river discharge in the dry season (11 900 m³/s), the net water flux across the mouth of the NC is landward when wind speed exceeds 10 m/s, and the saltwater in the NC can spill over into the South Channel when wind speed exceeds 11 m/s. When wind speed is 0, the 15-day averaged salinity in the NC is only 0.97 and the elevation at the mouth of the NC is only 0.13 m. When wind speed increases to 14 m/s, salinity in the NC increases to 27.4 and the elevation at the mouth of the NC increases to 0.42 m. North wind reduces the number of days that the Qingcaosha Reservoir could take water from Changjiang within a month. When wind speed is 0, the number of days is 29.4 and when wind speed exceeds 10 m/s, the number of days is 0. The salinity in the NC increases with the strength of north wind, which is unfavorable to water take in the Qingcaosha Reservoir.
- Changjiang Estuary,
- saltwater intrusion,
- north wind,
- salt flux,
- water flux

FullText(HTML)

References(24)

References

[1]	Qiu Cheng, Zhu Jianrong. Influence of seasonal runoff regulation by the three gorges reservoir on saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang River Estuary[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2013, 71: 16−26. doi: 10.1016/j.csr.2013.09.024
[2]	Bowen M M, Geyer W R. Salt transport and the time-dependent salt balance of a partially stratified estuary[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2003, 108(C5): 3158. doi: 10.1029/2001JC001231
[3]	Gong Wenping, Shen Jian. The response of salt intrusion to changes in river discharge and tidal mixing during the dry season in the Modaomen Estuary, China[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2011, 31(7/8): 769−788.
[4]	Chen S N, Sanford L P. Axial wind effects on stratification and longitudinal salt transport in an idealized, partially mixed estuary[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2009, 39(8): 1905−1920. doi: 10.1175/2009JPO4016.1
[5]	Wang Dongping. Wind-driven circulation in the Chesapeake Bay, winter, 1975[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1979, 9(3): 564−572. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1979)009<0564:WDCITC>2.0.CO;2
[6]	Li Chunyan, Weeks E, Rego J L. In situ measurements of saltwater flux through tidal passes of lake pontchartrain estuary by hurricanes gustav and Ike in September 2008[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2009, 36(19): L19609. doi: 10.1029/2009GL039802
[7]	Chen Qing, Zhu Jianrong, Lyu Hanghang, et al. Determining critical river discharge as a means to provide water supply security to the Changjiang River Estuary, China[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2019, 35(5): 1087−1094. doi: 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-18-00165.1
[8]	Wu Hui, Zhu Jianrong, Choi B H. Links between saltwater intrusion and subtidal circulation in the Changjiang Estuary: A model-guided study[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2010, 30(17): 1891−1905. doi: 10.1016/j.csr.2010.09.001
[9]	Qiu Cheng, Zhu Jianrong, Gu Yuliang. Impact of seasonal tide variation on saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang River Estuary[J]. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2012, 30(2): 342−351. doi: 10.1007/s00343-012-1115-x
[10]	Li Lu, Zhu Jianrong, Wu Hui, et al. Lateral saltwater intrusion in the north channel of the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Estuaries and Coasts, 2014, 37(1): 36−55. doi: 10.1007/s12237-013-9669-1
[11]	Lyu Hanghang, Zhu Jianrong. Impacts of tidal flat reclamation on saltwater intrusion and freshwater resources in the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2019, 35(2): 314−321. doi: 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-18-00077.1
[12]	Li Lu, Zhu Jianrong, Wu Hui. Impacts of wind stress on saltwater intrusion in the Yangtze Estuary[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2012, 55(7): 1178−1192. doi: 10.1007/s11430-011-4311-1
[13]	Zhang Erfeng, Gao Shu, Savenije H H G, et al. Saline water intrusion in relation to strong winds during winter cold outbreaks: North branch of the Yangtze estuary[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2019, 574: 1099−1109. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.04.096
[14]	Wu Hui, Zhu Jianrong. Advection scheme with 3rd high-order spatial interpolation at the middle temporal level and its application to saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Ocean Modelling, 2010, 33(1/2): 33−51.
[15]	Lyu Hanghang, Zhu Jianrong. Impact of the bottom drag coefficient on saltwater intrusion in the extremely shallow estuary[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2018, 557: 838−850. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.01.010
[16]	Chen Changsheng, Zhu Jianrong, Ralph E, et al. Prognostic modeling studies of the Keweenaw current in lake superior. Part I: Formation and evolution[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2001, 31(2): 379−395. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2001)031<0379:PMSOTK>2.0.CO;2
[17]	孔亚珍, 贺松林, 丁平兴, 等. 长江口盐度的时空变化特征及其指示意义[J]. 海洋学报, 2004, 26(4): 9−18. Kong Yazhen, He Songlin, Ding Pingxing, et al. Characteristics of temporal and spatial variation of salinity and their indicating significance in the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2004, 26(4): 9−18.
[18]	Li Xiangyu, Geyer W R, Zhu Jianrong, et al. The transformation of salinity variance: A new approach to quantifying the influence of straining and Mixing on estuarine stratification[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2018, 48(3): 607−623. doi: 10.1175/JPO-D-17-0189.1
[19]	Wu Hui, Gu Jinghua, Zhu Ping. Winter counter-wind transport in the inner southwestern Yellow Sea[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2018, 123(1): 411−436. doi: 10.1002/2017JC013403
[20]	Li Linjiang, Zhu Jianrong, Chant R J, et al. Effect of dikes on saltwater intrusion under various wind conditions in the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2020, 125(7): e2019JC015685.
[21]	Lerczak J A, Geyer W R, Chant R J. Mechanisms driving the time-dependent salt flux in a partially stratified estuary[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2006, 36(12): 2296−2311. doi: 10.1175/JPO2959.1
[22]	Li Lu, Zhu Jianrong, Wu Hui, et al. A numerical study on water diversion ratio of the Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary in dry season[J]. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2010, 28(3): 700−712. doi: 10.1007/s00343-010-9114-2
[23]	王绍祥, 朱建荣. 不同潮型和风况下青草沙水库取水口盐水入侵来源[J]. 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2015(4): 65−76. Wang Shaoxiang, Zhu Jianrong. Saltwater intrusion sources at the water intake of Qingcaosha Reservoir in different tidal pattern and wind case[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Natural Science), 2015(4): 65−76.
[24]	Scully M E, Friedrichs C, Brubaker J. Control of estuarine stratification and mixing by wind-induced straining of the estuarine density field[J]. Estuaries, 2005, 28(3): 321−326. doi: 10.1007/BF02693915