Effects of water depth on photosynthesis, nutrient composition, and nutrition, and nitrogen and phosphorus uptake of Sargassum horneri
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摘要: 铜藻（Sargassum horneri）具有较好的经济性状和价值，其养殖逐渐受到人们的重视。但目前对于其适宜养殖水深尚不清楚，并且对处于不同养殖水深铜藻的生理特征和生态功能也不明确。根据不同水深的光照强度，比较了不同水深（0.5 m和2 m）铜藻的初级生产力、营养盐吸收能力以及藻体营养组成。结果显示，不同水深的光照强度差异显著（P＜0.05），水深引起的光照强度差异与铜藻的初级生产力显著相关。生长在水深0.5 m处（上层）铜藻的总生产力显著高于水深2 m处（下层）的铜藻（P＜0.05），上层铜藻表现出更高的初级生产力和固碳能力。光照条件下，上层铜藻对
${{\rm {NH}}_4^+} $ 、${{\rm {PO}}_4^{3-}} $ 的吸收效果显著优于下层铜藻（P＜0.05），在净化富营养化水体，调控水域生态平衡方面有很好的潜力；但上层铜藻对${{\rm {NO}}_3^-} $ 、${{\rm {NO}}_2^-} $ 的吸收量却显著低于下层铜藻（P＞0.05），即说明铜藻会出现一定的强光抑制现象，影响铜藻对硝态氮和亚硝态氮的吸收。不同水深铜藻的水分含量在71%～75%之间，灰分含量在20%～23%之间，总脂质含量在6%～8%之间，粗蛋白含量在8%～10%之间，两个水深处理组间的营养组成差别不大（P＞0.05）。研究表明，适当提高养殖水层，铜藻可以达到更高的生产力和营养盐吸收能力，而不同水层铜藻的营养组成也会保持相对稳定。文章结果对自然海区人工养殖铜藻的技术研发以及海区生态环境保护具有重要意义。Abstract:Sargassum horneri has good economic traits and value, and its culture is gradually being emphasized. However, the suitable water depth for culture is still unclear, and the physiological characteristics and ecological functions of Culex pipiens in different water depths are not clear. In this paper, we compared the primary productivity, nutrient uptake capacity, and algal trophic composition of S. horneri at different water depths (0.5 m and 2 m) based on light intensity in different water depths. The results showed that light intensity varied significantly (P < 0.05) among water depths and that the difference in light intensity due to water depth was significantly correlated with the primary productivity of S. horneri The total productivity of S. horneri grown at 0.5 m water depth (upper layer) was significantly higher than that of S. horneri grown at 2 m water depth (lower layer) (P < 0.05), and S. horneri in the upper layer showed higher primary productivity and carbon sequestration capacity. The uptake of ${{\rm {NH}}_4^+} $ and${{\rm {PO}}_4^{3-}} $ by the upper layer of S. horneri was significantly better than that of the lower layer of S. horneri under the light conditions (P＜0.05), which has a good potential in purifying the eutrophic water and regulating the ecological balance of the watershed; However, the uptake of${{\rm {NO}}_3^-} $ and${{\rm {NO}}_2^-} $ by the upper layer of S. horneri is significantly lower than the lower layer of S. horneri (P＞0.05), it indicates that some strong light inhibition phenomenon occurs in S. horneri which affects the uptake of${{\rm {NO}}_3^-} $ and${{\rm {NO}}_2^-} $ by S. horneri. The moisture content of S. horneri at different water depths ranged from 71% to 75%, the ash content from 20% to 23%, the total lipids content from 6% to 8%, and the crude protein content from 8% to 10%. Nutrient composition did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between the two water depth treatment groups. Studies have shown that by appropriately raising the culture layer, S. horneri can achieve higher productivity and nutrient uptake capacity, while the nutrient composition of S. horneri in the different water layers would remain relatively stable. This study is of great significance for the technological development and upgrading of the artificial culture of S. horneri in natural sea areas as well as for the ecological environmental protection of sea areas.-
Key words:
- Sargassum horneri /
- water depth /
- nutrients /
- body composition
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图 1 0.5 m和2 m水深铜藻呼吸量、净生产力和总生产力
图中的U group、L group是两个处理组，分别为处于0.5 m、2 m水深的铜藻
Fig. 1 Respiration、Net primary productivity and Gross primary productivity of S.horneri at 0.5 m and 2 m depth
The U and L groups in the figure are the two treatment groups, the S. horneri at 0.5 m and 2 m water depth, respectively
图 2 上层和下层铜藻光照12 h和黑暗12 h对
${{\rm {PO}}_4^{3-}} $ 的吸收量图中的U group、L group是两个处理组，分别为处于0.5 m、2 m水深的铜藻
Fig. 2 Uptake of
${{\rm {PO}}_4^{3-}} $ by S. horneri at upper and lower after 12 h of light and 12 h of darknessThe U and L groups in the figure are the two treatment groups, the S.horneri at 0.5 m and 2 m water depth, respectively
图 3 上层和下层铜藻光照12 h和黑暗12 h对
${{\rm {NH}}_4^+} $ 的吸收量图中的U group、L group是两个处理组，分别为处于0.5 m、2 m水深的铜藻
Fig. 3 Uptake of
${{\rm {NH}}_4^+} $ by S.horneri at upper and lower after 12 h of light and 12 h of darknessThe U and L groups in the figure are the two treatment groups, the S.horneri at 0.5 m and 2 m water depth, respectively
图 4 上层和下层铜藻光照12 h和黑暗12 h对
$ {{\rm {NO}}_3^-} $ 的吸收量图中的U group、L group是两个处理组，分别为处于0.5 m、2 m水深的铜藻
Fig. 4 Uptake of
$ {{\rm {NO}}_3^-} $ by S. horneri at upper and lower after 12 h of light and 12 h of darknessThe U and L groups in the figure are the two treatment groups, the S.horneri at 0.5 m and 2 m water depth, respectively
图 5 上层和下层铜藻光照12 h和黑暗12 h对
${{\rm {NO}}_2^-} $ 的吸收量图中的U group、L group是两个处理组，分别为处于0.5 m、2 m水深的铜藻
Fig. 5 Uptake of
${{\rm {NO}}_2^-} $ by S. horneri at upper and lower after 12 h of light and 12 h of darknessThe U and L groups in the figure are the two treatment groups, the S.horneri at 0.5 m and 2 m water depth, respectively
图 6 上层和下层铜藻营养成分积累情况/%
图中的U group、L group是两个处理组，分别为处于0.5 m、2 m水深的铜藻
Fig. 6 Nutrient accumulation in S. horneri at upper and lower
The U and L groups in the figure are the two treatment groups, the S.horneri at 0.5 m and 2 m water depth, respectively
表 1 现场不同水深的环境因子(Mean ± SD)
Tab. 1 Environmental factors at different water depths in the field
组别 温度/℃ 溶解氧含量/(mg·L−1) 盐度 pH值 U Group 26.16 ± 0.09 6.93 ± 0.07 30.80 ± 0.01 7.98 ± 0.03 L Group 25.62 ± 0.13 6.66 ± 0.12 30.16 ± 0.13 7.87 ± 0.05 注：图中的U group、L group是两个处理组，分别为处于0.5 m、2 m水深的铜藻。 
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