Body weight-length relationship and relative weight of bigeye grunt (Brachydeuterus auritus) in the coastal waters of Sierra Leone
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摘要: 大眼裸颌鲈（Brachydeuterus auritus）是西非塞拉利昂近海重要的经济物种，为深入了解其体长-体质量关系及健康状况，本文根据2019−2021年6个航次底拖网调查资料，采用体长对应平均体质量和相对体质量的方法，按性别分别拟合了大眼裸颌鲈的体长-体质量关系（WLR），并计算了其相对重量（Wr）指数，同时也分析了影响因子的作用。结果显示，月份和性别极显著影响体长和体质量分布（P<0.01）；WLR中参数a和 b呈极显著负相关关系（P<0.01），盐度显著影响b（P<0.05）；lga与b的比值受外界因素影响小，可能与自身体型及鱼体密度有关；雌雄群体间b差异极显著（P<0.01）；9月、10月和12月呈负向异速生长，1月、4月和5月呈正向异速生长。Wr具有显著的季节性变化特征，性别和体长对其影响极显著（P<0.01），随体长增加，Wr表现出两种变化类型—连续增加、先增后降，盐度和b显著影响其变化类型（P<0.05），深度对其影响极显著（P<0.01）。塞拉利昂沿海大眼裸颌鲈具有显著的季节性生长特征，雌雄个体间生长特征存在明显差异。分析认为，盐度可能是影响其生长发育的主要因素；其繁殖旺期可能发生于旱季，始于12月，结束于次年4月之前。本研究对西非塞拉利昂近海大眼裸颌鲈的生物学和生态学提供了更新、更全面的见解，可为当前该海域大眼裸颌鲈的资源评估、开发利用和资源管理提供科学依据。Abstract: Bigeye grunt Brachydeuterus auritus is an important economic species in the waters off Sierra Leone in West Africa, with great ecological value. Based on the survey data of bottom trawl nets from 6 samples from 2019 to 2021, the body weight-length relationship (WLR), as well as their relative weight, were studied in depth using the method of body length and its corresponding mean body weight. This study fitted the WLR of bigeye grunt by gender, calculated its fullness, and analyzed the influence of environmental factors. The results showed that month and gender had a significant impact on body length and weight distribution (P<0.01). There was a highly significant negative correlation (P<0.01) between a value and b value in the WLR, and salinity significantly affects b value (P<0.05). The (lga)/b ratio was less affected by environmental factors which may be related to the body size and density of the fish. The difference in b between male and female populations was highly significant (P<0.01). The relative weight had significant seasonal variation characteristics, with highly significant effects of sex and body length (P<0.01). With increasing body length, the relative weight showed two types of changes, continuously increasing and first increasing then decreasing, with salinity and b significantly affecting the type of change (P<0.05) and depth having a highly significant effect (P<0.01). The bigeye grunt off the coast Sierra Leone exhibited significant seasonal growth characteristics, with significant differences in growth characteristics between male and female individuals. This study suggested that salinity may be the main factor affecting its growth and development. In addition, this study hypothesised that the peak breeding season may occur during the dry season, beginning in December and ending before April of the following year. The study provides updated and more comprehensive insights into the biology and ecology of the bigeye grunt offshore Sierra Leone, West Africa, which can provide scientific basis for its resource assessment, development and utilization, and resource management.
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Key words:
- bigeye grunt /
- WLR /
- Wr /
- environment factor /
- Sierra Leone
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图 3 大眼裸颌鲈lga与b的线性关系
Fig. 3 Negative linear relationship between lga and b for B. auritus
图 2 不同月份大眼裸颌鲈WLR参数a和参数b的变化
Fig. 2 Changes of a value and b value of B. auritus by different months
图 4 大眼裸颌鲈各月份Wr随体长的变化
Fig. 4 Changes in Wr by body length of B. auritus in different months
表 1 渔业调查统计指标
Tab. 1 Statistic factors of fishery survey
调查指标 9月 10月 12月 1月 4月 5月 SST/℃ 27.76±1.00 27.76±0.79 29.40±0.48 28.64±0.44 28.89±0.39 29.29±0.47 Sal/‰ 28.13±5.68 30.70±2.63 31.85±0.79 33.90±0.38 35.54±0.10 35.36±0.47 Dep/m 30.72±9.40 31.40±7.15 26.94±8.80 25.54±7.59 26.66±8.08 25.51±8.22 
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表 2 大眼裸颌鲈体长和体质量分布特征
Tab. 2 Distribution characteristics of body length and weight of B. auritus
月份 性别 样本量 体长/mm 体质量/g 范围 均值 变异系数 偏斜度 范围 均值 变异系数 9月 ♀ 102 80～157 121.36 15.30 −0.28nd 15.2～111.2 53.76 23.35 ♂ 114 78～156 113.03 13.70 0.23rs 12.8～106.7 42.94 20.24 10月 ♀ 427 56～172 117.18 14.84 0.15rs 5.9～128.6 54.85 21.41 ♂ 524 65～169 113.59 21.14 0.11rs 5.8～138.4 46.92 17.80 12月 ♀ 390 34～171 121.17 19.54 −0.77ls 1.0～118.4 47.47 25.07 ♂ 393 56～160 107.45 21.14 −0.05ls 4.5～107.5 41.97 22.33 1月 ♀ 483 60～164 111.35 20.21 −0.01ls 5.4～108.4 44.57 23.99 ♂ 559 62～158 113.96 15.28 −0.21ls 5.1～94.6 42.74 19.40 4月 ♀ 287 52～163 122.62 17.85 −0.31ls 3.0～117.8 54.04 29.60 ♂ 349 61～160 118.75 16.17 −0.49ls 4.8～104.6 45.95 23.82 5月 ♀ 430 52～173 112.67 26.11 −0.08ls 3.2～134.0 49.82 33.43 ♂ 405 62～164 112.36 18.20 −0.15ls 5.9～12.31 44.41 23.04 注：样本量为原样本中体长对应体质量数据对；ls表示左偏分布；rs表示右偏分布；nd表示正态分布。 Note：Sample size is the number of data pairs of body length pairing off with body weight; ls represents left skewed distribution of body length frequency; rs represents right skewed distribution of body length frequency; nd represents the normal distribution of body-length frequency.
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表 3 大眼裸颌鲈雌性、雄性WLR参数
Tab. 3 Parameters of body WLR for female and male B. auritus
月份 雌性 雄性 a（×10−2） b R2 t a（×10−2） b R2 t 9月 3.19 2.95 0.98 −11.41** 4.17 2.84 0.98 −35.36** 10月 3.24 2.94 0.99 −26.28** 2.82 2.99 0.99 −0.74ns 12月 2.90 2.97 0.99 −7.22** 2.82 2.99 0.99 −3.22* 1月 2.32 3.05 0.99 27.63** 1.85 3.14 0.99 64.64** 4月 1.34 3.29 0.99 125.05** 1.45 3.26 0.99 88.15** 5月 1.99 3.13 0.99 58.55** 2.15 3.11 0.99 44.41** 注： R2：相关系数；t：b与3的差异性t检验值(H0: b=3)；ns：b与3比较差异不显著；* b与3比较差异显著（P<0.05），** b与3比较差异极显著（P<0.01）。 Note：a and b are parameters of body length (cm)-weight (g) relationship; R2 is correlation coefficient; t is t test for b (H0: b=3); ns denotes no significant difference between b and 3 (P>0.05); *denotes significant difference between b and 3 (P<0.05); **denotes extremely significant difference between b and 3 (P<0.01).
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表 4 大眼裸颌鲈雌、雄间参数b的差异性检验
Tab. 4 Comparison of b values of B. auritus between sexes
参数 月份 9月 10月 12月 1月 4月 5月 F 0.038** 0.94** 0.14** 0.21** 1.34** 0.045** 注：** 表示雌、雄间差异极显著（P<0.01）。 Note：**denotes extremely significant difference in alometric factors between sexes (P<0.01)
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表 6 大眼裸颌鲈各月份Wr增长型的差异性检验
Tab. 6 Comparison in shapes of Wr growth for different months of B. auritus
影响因素 SST Sal Dep b 相关系数 0.63 0.88* −0.97** 0.88* 注： * 表示Wr增长型与影响因素具有显著相关性（P<0.05）；** 表示Wr增长型与影响因素具有具有极显著相关性（P<0.01）。 Note：values in the table are correlation coefficients; * denotes significant correlation between shapes of Wr growth and factor (P<0.05); ** denotes extremely significant correlations between shapes of Wr growth and factor (P<0.01).
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表 5 大眼裸颌鲈WLR参数的影响因子分析
Tab. 5 Correlations between parameters of WLR and potential impact factors for B. auritus
性别 b 平均体长 偏斜度 雌性性成熟比例 SST Sal Dep 雌 a −0.89** 0.51 0.57 0.53 −0.581 −0.85* 0.74 b — −0.48 −0.6 −0.55 0.486 0.84* −0.61 雄 a −0.9** 0.07 −0.86* — −0.573 −0.79* 0.73 b — −0.12 0.77 — 0.522 0.83* −0.83 注：表中数据表示参数间相关系数；* 表示偏斜度与雄性参数a具有显著相关性（P<0.05）；** 表示参数a与参数b具有极显著相关性（P<0.01）。 Note：values in the table are correlation coefficients; * denotes significant correlation between skewness and a of male (P<0.05); ** denotes extremely significant correlations between parameters b and a (P<0.01).
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