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北部湾首次记录到的大规模夜光藻赤潮期间浮游植物与细菌群落分析

黎慧玲 徐轶肖 吴淼 蓝文陆 谢欢达 黄鹄

黎慧玲,徐轶肖,吴淼,等. 北部湾首次记录到的大规模夜光藻赤潮期间浮游植物与细菌群落分析[J]. 海洋学报,2023,45(5):39–52 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023064
引用本文: 黎慧玲,徐轶肖,吴淼,等. 北部湾首次记录到的大规模夜光藻赤潮期间浮游植物与细菌群落分析[J]. 海洋学报,2023,45(5):39–52 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023064
Li Huiling,Xu Yixiao,Wu Miao, et al. Analysis of phytoplankton and bacterial community during the first recorded massive Noctiluca scintillans bloom in the Beibu Gulf, China[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2023, 45(5):39–52 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023064
Citation: Li Huiling,Xu Yixiao,Wu Miao, et al. Analysis of phytoplankton and bacterial community during the first recorded massive Noctiluca scintillans bloom in the Beibu Gulf, China[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2023, 45(5):39–52 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023064

北部湾首次记录到的大规模夜光藻赤潮期间浮游植物与细菌群落分析

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023064
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41976155);广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFDA297001);北部湾大学海洋科学广西一流学科(DRA003);北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室研究生创新基金项目(NNNU-KLGIP-Z2201)。
详细信息
    作者简介:

    黎慧玲(1997-),女,广西壮族自治区阳朔县人,研究方向为区域环境演变与风险评价。E-mail: 1174558015@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    徐轶肖,女,研究员,主要从事海洋有毒有害微藻与海产品安全研究。E-mail: xuyixiao_77@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P735;Q178.53

Analysis of phytoplankton and bacterial community during the first recorded massive Noctiluca scintillans bloom in the Beibu Gulf, China

  • 摘要: 北部湾位于南海西北部,最近30年赤潮暴发频率、持续时间和范围正经历显著增长。为了了解北部湾大规模夜光藻赤潮期间的浮游植物和细菌群落特征,于2021年2月21日在涠洲岛西部首次大规模夜光藻暴发海域采集海水样品,对环境因子、浮游植物和细菌群落进行了研究。结果表明:该海域水质符合一类海水水质标准,主要为绝对P限制状态,结合近年来其他研究指出的非赤潮期间,涠洲岛邻近及北部湾中部海域为贫营养及主要为P限制,可推断本次夜光藻赤潮属于一次非富营养化下发生的赤潮。海水中共鉴定出浮游植物2门5属5种,其中夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)为绝对优势种,其细胞密度为2.00×103~3.75×103 cells/L。结合现场水色,可确定本次赤潮生物为红色异养型夜光藻。系统发育和遗传距离分析则表明本次赤潮原因种属于我国沿海常见的夜光藻株系。对海水样品细菌16S rRNA基因 V3−V4区高通量测序发现海水细菌群落操作分类单元(OTU)数量为294~414,以α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)和γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)为优势菌群;细菌群落结构受COD、DO、DIN、${\rm{PO}}_4^{3-}$−P、N/P多种环境因子的影响,其中COD为主要影响因子。研究结果可为明确北部湾大规模夜光藻赤潮期间的环境特征、微生物组成及海洋生态保护提供科学依据。
  • 图  1  采样站位

    Fig.  1  The location of sampling stations

    图  2  涠洲岛西部海域夜光藻赤潮现场图

    Fig.  2  The Noctiluca scintillans bloom in the western waters of Weizhou Island

    图  3  应用最大似然法构建的夜光藻ITS序列系统发育树

    Fig.  3  Phylogenetic tree of Noctiluca scintillans using maximum likelihood method based on ITS sequence

    图  4  海水样品OTU花瓣图(a)和稀释曲线(b)

    Fig.  4  Petals figure (a) and dilution curves (b) of OTUs for seawater samples

    图  5  门(a)、纲(b)水平上的细菌群落相对丰度

    Fig.  5  Relative abundance of bacteria community at the phylum (a) and class (b) level

    图  6  基于Weighted Unifrac距离矩阵的UPGMA聚类树

    Fig.  6  UPGMA clustering tree based on Weighted Unifrac distance matrix

    图  7  环境因子与Alpha多样性指数(a)、门水平细菌群落(b)之间的Spearman相关性

    Fig.  7  Spearman correlation between environmental factors and Alpha diversity index (a) and phylum level bacterial community (b)

    图  8  门水平CCA分析图(a)和VPA结果图(b)

    Fig.  8  CCA analysis at phylum level (a) and VPA analysis (b)

    图  9  S1−S6站细菌群落子功能丰度热图

    Fig.  9  Heat map of bacterial community subfunctional abundance at stations S1−S6

    表  1  北部湾大规模夜光藻赤潮期间涠洲岛西部海域环境因子

    Tab.  1  Environmental factors in the western part of Weizhou Island during the the massive Noctiluca scintillans bloom in the Beibu Gulf

    监测站位pH盐度COD/
    (mg∙L−1
    DO浓度/
    (mg∙L−1
    DIN浓度/
    (mg∙L−1
    ${{\rm {PO}}_4^{3-}} $-P浓度/
    (mg∙L−1
    Chl a浓度/
    (μg∙L−1
    TN浓度/
    (mg∙L−1
    TP浓度/
    (mg∙L−1
    富营养化指数N/P
    S18.2131.10.728.040.1250.007<0.50.3980.0140.14039.5
    S28.2431.20.698.100.0640.003<0.50.3760.0140.02947.2
    S38.2331.10.678.190.0390.0021.10.3270.0190.01243.2
    S48.2431.30.608.270.0360.0020.80.2930.0160.01039.9
    S58.2131.30.447.840.0460.0021.70.2220.0090.00950.9
    S68.2031.20.337.700.0570.003<0.50.2430.0090.01342.1
    均值8.2231.200.588.020.060.0030.70.3100.0140.03644.3
    注:“<”表示数据未检出,其后数据为检出限;<0.5的样品均值以0.25计算。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  浮游植物组成及密度

    Tab.  2  Phytoplankton compositon and density

    优势种细胞密度/(cells∙L−1
    S1站位S3站位
    夜光藻 Noctiluca scintillans2.00×1033.75×103
    钟扁甲藻Pyrophacus horologicum04.17×102
    叉角藻 Ceratium furca4.76×1020
    异角盒形藻 Biddulphia heteroceros4.76×1020
    菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides08.33×102
    合计2.95×1035.00×103
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  各站位OTUs数量和Alpha多样性指数

    Tab.  3  OTUs number and Alpha diversity related indices at stations S1−S6

    站位有效序列OTUShannonSimpsonChao 1ACECoverage/%PD
    S1121 3382944.0080.867310.081318.118100.0026.544
    S2129 8603294.1360.856319.895324.875100.0028.339
    S3132 1403224.0280.846318.000317.332100.0037.902
    S4129 9063794.4980.883367.882373.329100.0045.817
    S5135 3463784.8290.915380.750385.921100.0043.080
    S6133 8704144.5880.881417.000415.785100.0045.073
    均值130 4103534.3480.875352.268355.893100.0037.793
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-08-06
  • 修回日期:  2022-12-02
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-12-19
  • 刊出日期:  2023-05-01

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