2022−2024年杭州湾嵊泗海域海蜇生物学特性及其环境影响因素

徐国强; 王好学; 徐开达; 李鹏飞; 周永东

doi:10.12284/hyxb20260001

2022−2024年杭州湾嵊泗海域海蜇生物学特性及其环境影响因素

doi: 10.12284/hyxb20260001

徐国强^{1, 2, 3,},
王好学^{1, 2, 3},
徐开达^{1, 2, 3},
李鹏飞^{1, 2, 3},
周永东^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
浙江省海洋水产研究所，浙江舟山 316021
2.
农业农村部舟山野外综合科学观测研究站浙江舟山 316021
3.
农业农村部重点渔场渔业资源观测实验站，浙江舟山 316021
4.
浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室，浙江舟山 316021

基金项目: 舟山市基础研究项目 (2024C31047)；国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2401901)；浙江省科技计划项目(HYS-CZ-202502)。

详细信息

作者简介:
徐国强（1990—），男，工程师，主要从事近海渔业资源监测与管理研究。E-mail：xuguoqiang732@126.com

通讯作者:
周永东，教授级高工，主要从事近海渔业资源与生态研究。E-mail:zyd511@126.com

中图分类号: S932.8
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-09-10
- 修回日期: 2025-11-25
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-08

Biological characteristics and environmental influencing factors of Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye in Shengsi sea area of Hangzhou Bay from 2022 to 2024

Xu Guoqiang^{1, 2, 3
,},
Wang Haoxue^{1, 2, 3},
Xu Kaida^{1, 2, 3},
Li Pengfei^{1, 2, 3},
Zhou Yongdong^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
2.
Zhoushan Field Comprehensive Scientific Observation and Research Station of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhoushan 316021, China
3.
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhoushan 316021, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究海蜇（Rhopilema esculentum）生物学特性及其环境影响因素，本研究根据2022−2024年6−7月在杭州湾嵊泗海域开展的海蜇资源监测数据，分析了不同年际间海蜇生物学特性，同时采用广义可加模型（GAM）对海蜇伞径、体重与环境影响因素的关系进行了探究。结果表明：伏季休渔期间海蜇专项捕捞许可开捕前海蜇伞径与体重年际间存在显著性差异，海蜇体重增长率在不同生长阶段呈现不同的增长趋势。GAM结果显示，海表温度对海蜇伞径和体重生长均具有极显著影响，随着海表温度从21.18 ℃增长至26.81 ℃，海蜇伞径和体重均逐渐增大。海表盐度对海蜇伞径生长具有显著影响，在盐度9.3～25.2区间内，海蜇伞径大小呈现增长趋势，以盐度17.7～22.7为最适盐度。在海表温度与海表盐度交互影响中，海蜇伞径的高值区与体重的高值区均处于表层温度24～26.3 ℃，表层盐度15～22区间中。伏季休渔期间海蜇专项捕捞许可开捕后海蜇伞径与体重年际间存在显著性差异。综合分析表明：年际间海蜇伞径与体重的生长受海表温度和海表盐度交互影响，开捕时间的制定可根据海表温度的高低来确定。
- 嵊泗海域 /
- 海蜇 /
- 伞径 /
- 体重 /
- 影响因素
Abstract: In order to study the biological characteristics of Rhopilema esculentum and its environmental influencing factors, this study analyzed the biological characteristics of R.esculentum in different years according to the monitoring data of R. esculentum resources in Shengsi sea area of Hangzhou Bay from June to July 2022 to 2024, and explored the relationship between the umbrella diameter, body weight and environmental influencing factors of R. esculentum by GAM model. The results showed that there were significant differences between umbrella diameter and body weight of R.esculentum before the special fishing permits during the summer fishing moratorium, and the growth rate of R. esculentum body weight showed different growth trends at different growth stages. The results of the GAM showed that umbrella diameter and body weight of R. esculentum increased gradually with the increase of sea surface temperature from 21.18 ℃ to 26.81 ℃. Sea surface salinity has a significant effect on the growth of R. esculentum umbrella diameter. In the salinity range of 9.3～25.2, the umbrella diameter of R. esculentum increases, and the optimum salinity is 17.7～22.7. In the interaction between sea surface temperature and salinity, the high value area of umbrella diameter and the middle value area of body weight of R. esculentum are in the range of sea surface temperature 24～26.3 ℃ and sea surface salinity 15～22. There were significant differences in umbrella diameter and body weight among years after the special fishing permits during the summer fishing moratorium. Comprehensive analysis showed that the growth of umbrella diameter and body weight of R. esculentum was affected by sea surface temperature and salinity, and the initial fishing time could be determined based on the level of sea surface temperature.
- Shengsi sea area /
- Rhopilema esculentum /
- umbrella diameter /
- body weight /
- influence factor

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图 1 嵊泗海域海蜇监测点 (五角星)

Fig. 1 R. esculentum monitoring points in Shengsi sea area (pentagram)

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图 2 2022−2024年监测期间不同环境因素分布

Fig. 2 Distribution of environmental factors during the monitoring period of 2022−2024

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图 3 2022−2024年监测期间海蜇伞径与体重分布

Fig. 3 Umbrella diameter and body weight distribution of R. esculentum during the monitoring period from 2022 to 2024

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图 4 2022−2024年海蜇伞径与体重关系

Fig. 4 Relationship between umbrella diameter and body weight of R. esculentum from 2022 to 2024

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图 5 GAM筛选后的显著因素

a、b分别表示海表温度、海表盐度对海蜇伞径的影响；c表示海表温度对海蜇体重的影响

Fig. 5 Significant factors after screening by GAM

a,b represent the influence of sea surface temperature and salinity on umbrella diameter of R. esculentum, respectively; c represent represent the influence of sea surface temperature on body weight of R. esculentum

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图 6 GAM残差图

a 表示海蜇伞径；b表示海蜇体重

Fig. 6 Residual of GAM

a represent umbrella diameter of R. esculentum；b represent body weight of R. esculentum

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图 7 海蜇伞径、体重与海表温盐的响应关系

a表示海蜇伞径与海表温盐的响应关系；b表示海蜇体重与海表温盐的响应关系

Fig. 7 Response of umbrella diameter and body weight of R.esculentum to sea surface temperature and salinity

a represent response of umbrella diameter of R.esculentum to sea surface temperature and salinity；b represent response of body weight of R.esculentum to sea surface temperature and salinity

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图 8 2022−2024年伏季休渔期间海蜇专项捕捞许可开捕后海蜇伞径与体重比较

Fig. 8 Comparison of umbrella diameter and body weight of R.esculentum after the special fishing permits during the summer fishing moratorium from 2022 to 2024

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