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莺歌海盆地新生代构造沉积演化及动力学机制分析

蒋国忠 谢辉 赵中贤 石红才 潘荟

蒋国忠,谢辉,赵中贤,等. 莺歌海盆地新生代构造沉积演化及动力学机制分析[J]. 海洋学报,2023,45(12):44–57 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023103
引用本文: 蒋国忠,谢辉,赵中贤,等. 莺歌海盆地新生代构造沉积演化及动力学机制分析[J]. 海洋学报,2023,45(12):44–57 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023103
Jiang Guozhong,Xie Hui,Zhao Zhongxian, et al. Analysis of the Cenozoic tectonic sedimentary evolution and its dynamic mechanism in the Yinggehai Basin[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2023, 45(12):44–57 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023103
Citation: Jiang Guozhong,Xie Hui,Zhao Zhongxian, et al. Analysis of the Cenozoic tectonic sedimentary evolution and its dynamic mechanism in the Yinggehai Basin[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2023, 45(12):44–57 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023103

莺歌海盆地新生代构造沉积演化及动力学机制分析

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023103
基金项目: 广东省自然科学基金项目(2023A1515030124,2016A030310331);国家自然科学基金项目(41606065,41704085);中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室开放基金项目(MSGL15-02);广东海洋大学博士启动基金项目;广东海洋大学海洋科学科研团队项目(002026002004)。
详细信息
    作者简介:

    蒋国忠(1998—),男,安徽省滁州市人,研究方向为海洋地球物理与盆地分析。E-mai1:dyrjgz@163.com

    通讯作者:

    谢辉(1987—),男,博士,讲师,研究方向为大陆边缘构造与盆地分析。E-mail:xiehuihaoba@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P736.21

Analysis of the Cenozoic tectonic sedimentary evolution and its dynamic mechanism in the Yinggehai Basin

  • 摘要: 南海西北陆缘构造演化极其复杂,受到红河断裂、海南地幔柱和南海形成演化等多种因素的控制。莺歌海盆地位于南海西北部,发育了巨厚的新生代沉积物,详细记录了南海西北陆缘新生代的演化历史。但是莺歌海盆地新生代以来主要受到何种构造因素的控制目前还不太清楚。本文在莺歌海盆地较为均匀地选择了7口钻井和23口模拟井,通过空盆构造沉降方法重建了莺歌海盆地的构造沉降量、构造沉降速率和沉积速率,同时运用重力反演方法模拟了莺歌海盆地深部地壳结构,并结合前人研究成果进行了综合分析。结果发现莺歌海盆地在裂陷期(45~23 Ma BP),盆地北部和中部沉降速率较大,南部沉降速率较小;在裂后期(23~0 Ma BP), 盆地北部和中部沉降速率存在两期“台阶式”上升,分别为23~11.7 Ma BP和11.7 Ma BP至今,北部裂后期构造沉降速率最大可达80 m/Ma,中部最大可达110 m/Ma;南部地堑和隆起裂后期分别在11.7~5.7 Ma BP和15.9~11.7 Ma BP构造沉降速率最大可达70 m/Ma。莺歌海盆地新生代整体上表现为沉降速率与沉积速率变化基本一致,说明构造沉降对沉积速率具有显著的控制作用。重力反演发现莺歌海盆地可能存在下地壳高密度异常体,结合盆地沉积物内部钻遇玄武岩,我们推测下地壳高密度异常体为基性侵入体。通过与南海周边其他沉积盆地沉降速率对比发现,几乎所有盆地都在中中新世−晚中新世(15.9~11.7 Ma BP)发生了加速沉降事件,我们认为这可能跟南海海盆停止扩张导致大陆边缘次生地幔对流消失有关。莺歌海盆地5.7 Ma BP至今的加速沉降则可能与红河断裂右旋走滑活动有关。
  • 图  1  南海新生代沉积盆地分布(a)和莺歌海盆地构造单元分布(b)

    HN:河内凹陷,LG:临高凸起,YX:莺西斜坡,YD:莺东斜坡,ZY:中央凹陷,ZJ:中建凸起,GY:广义地堑,SH:顺化子盆地,GL:广乐隆起

    Fig.  1  Distribution of Cenozoic basins in the South China Sea (a) and distribution of the structural units in the Yinggehai Basin (b)

    HN: Hanoi Sag, LG: Lingao Uplift, YX: Yingxi Slope, YD: Yingdong Slope, ZY: Central Sag, ZJ: Zhongjian Uplift, GY: Guangyi Graben, SH: Hue Sub-Basin, GL: Guangle Uplift

    图  2  莺歌海盆地北部(a)、中部(b)、南部地堑(c)和南部隆起(d)沉降曲线对比

    Fig.  2  Comparison of subsidence curves of northern section (a), central section (b), Southern Graben (c) and Southern Uplift (d) of the Yinggehai Basin

    图  3  莺歌海盆地北部(a)、中部(b)、南部地堑(c)和南部隆起(d)沉降速率对比

    Fig.  3  Comparison of subsidence rate among northern section (a), central section (b), Southern Graben (c) and Southern Uplift (d) of the Yinggehai Basin

    图  4  莺歌海盆地北部(a)、中部(b)、南部地堑(c)和南部隆起(d)沉积速率对比

    Fig.  4  Comparison of sedimentation rates among northern section (a), central section (b), Southern Graben (c) and Southern Uplift (d) of Yinggehai Basin

    图  5  莺歌海盆地重力反演结果

    Fig.  5  Gravity inversion results of the Yinggehai Basin

    图  6  莺歌海盆地北部(a)、中部(b)、南部地堑(c)和南部隆起(d)平均沉降速率与沉积速率对比

    Fig.  6  Comparison of average subsidence rate and sedimentation rate in northern section (a), central section (b), Southern Graben (c) and Southern Uplift (d) of the Yinggehai Basin

    图  7  大陆边缘次生地幔对流模式

    a. 15 Ma BP以前洋中脊主地幔对流引发大陆边缘次生地幔对流;b. 15 Ma BP以后,次生地幔对流消失导致大陆边缘快速沉降

    Fig.  7  Model of the secondary mantle convection in the continental margin

    a. Before 15 Ma BP, the secondary mantle convection caused by the primary mantle convection in the ridge of the South China Sea; b. after 15 Ma BP, the disappearance of secondary mantle convection leads to the acceleration of subsidence in the continental margin

    图  8  南海周缘盆地新近系以来构造沉降速率(据文献[12, 5356]重绘)

    Fig.  8  Tectonic subsidence rates of sedimentary basins in the South China Sea since Neocene (redraw according to reference [12, 5356])

    表  1  莺歌海盆地LG1120井参数表(位置见图1)[21]

    Tab.  1  The data of the LG1120 drilling well in the Yinggehai Basin (location see figure 1)[21]

    界面
    名称
    界面深度/m年龄/Ma地层名称最小古水深/m最大古水深/m沉积环境岩性
    编码
    T0650乐东组6565浅海1.53
    T302 3505.7莺歌海组20150浅海1.65
    T402 37511.7黄流组020滨海1.77
    T503 27215.9梅山组120滨海1.6
    T603 80323三亚组01湖泊1.54
    Tg8 73445岭头组00湖泊1.61
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  莺歌海盆地去压实参数表[13]

    Tab.  2  The decompaction parameters of the Yinggehai Basin[13]

    岩性 骨架密度/(g·cm−2 初始孔隙度/% 压实系数/(m−1)
    泥岩 2.72 66 0.000 932
    砂岩 2.65 39 0.000 303
    灰岩 2.71 71 0.000 071
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-06-15
  • 修回日期:  2023-09-13
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-01-03
  • 刊出日期:  2023-12-01

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