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自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测及数据处理

牟勇 梁楚进 蔺飞龙 崔子健

牟勇,梁楚进,蔺飞龙,等. 自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测及数据处理[J]. 海洋学报,2023,45(4):144–153 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023047
引用本文: 牟勇,梁楚进,蔺飞龙,等. 自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测及数据处理[J]. 海洋学报,2023,45(4):144–153 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023047
Mou Yong,Liang Chujin,Lin Feilong, et al. Free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profiler observation and data processing[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2023, 45(4):144–153 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023047
Citation: Mou Yong,Liang Chujin,Lin Feilong, et al. Free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profiler observation and data processing[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2023, 45(4):144–153 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023047

自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测及数据处理

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023047
基金项目: 自然资源部第二海洋研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(JG2006)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    牟勇(1996-),男,贵州省遵义市人,研究方向为深海动力过程。E-mail: yongmou_work@163.com

    通讯作者:

    梁楚进(1966-),男,主要从事物理海洋学研究。E-mail: cjliang@sio.org.cn

  • 中图分类号: P716+.21;P731.21

Free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profiler observation and data processing

  • 摘要: 自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面(FADCP)观测以“自由落体”方式进行采样,其不依赖于测船钢缆牵引即可对全深度海流进行观测,观测稳定性较下放式声学多普勒海流剖面(LADCP)大幅提升,有效减少了观测值之中的不规则运动。2021年4月与9月在南海西沙海域开展的FADCP观测实验获得了两个断面包含16个站的海流及CTD资料。基于静置期间的真实底流观测,各站全深度的海流剖面采用剪切法获得,潜标附近站位剖面与潜标观测剖面相比,平均流速偏差为3 cm/s。观测断面捕捉到了西沙海域两个时期的气旋涡,其垂直结构比HYCOM模拟更精细,表层流与绝对地转流契合。研究表明,FADCP对测船要求低、数据质量高,其后处理简便且结果良好,但无法对特定水层实施补充观测。
  • 图  1  FADCP仪器链及其资料阵

    a.示意图;b.资料阵,红色三角点代表仪器静置阶段;c.实物图

    Fig.  1  FADCP instrument chain and data array

    a. Schematic diagram; b. data array, the red triangles represent the static stage of the instrument; c. physical diagram

    图  2  自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测站位概况

    a.观测断面及潜标M1;b.垂向横截面

    Fig.  2  Overview of the free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profiler observation stations

    a. Observation section and the mooring M1; b. vertical cross-section

    图  3  自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面 (a–e)与下放式声学多普勒海流剖面 (f–j)特征参数

    a, f. 纬向流速;b, g. 倾角,蓝色:下落阶段,红色:回收阶段;c, h. 垂向速度;d, i. 垂向速度误差,蓝点代表绝对值大于20 cm/s;e, j. 仪器水平速度与海流的比值

    Fig.  3  Free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profile (a–e) and lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler (f–j) characteristic parameters

    a, f. Zonal velocity; b, g. inclination, the blue line is the falling stage, and the red line is the recovery stage; c, h. vertical velocity; d, i. vertical velocity error, blue dot represents absolute value greater than 20 cm/s; e, j. ratio of instrument horizontal velocity to current

    图  4  2021年9月P8站自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面静置阶段近底流速

    a.纬向速度剖面;b.第一层样本分布;c.第二层样本分布

    Fig.  4  Near bottom velocity of free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profile at Station P8 in September, 2021

    a. Zonal velocity profiles; b. distribution of samples in the first layer; c. distribution of samples in the second layer

    图  5  2021年9月P5站观测流速剖面及其偏差

    a.纬向流速剖面,黑线:FADCP,红线:潜标M1,灰色点:M1观测流速样本;b.纬向流速偏差,黑线:FADCP与潜标M1观测偏差,红线:潜标M1观测标准差;c.经向流速剖面;d.经向流速偏差

    Fig.  5  Velocity profile and its deviation observed at Station P5 in September, 2021

    a. Zonal velocity profile, black line: FADCP, red line: mooring M1, gray points: velocity samples of M1; b. zonal velocity deviations, black line: FADCP observation deviation from mooring M1, red line: standard deviation of mooring observation; c. meridional velocity profile; d. meridional velocity deviations

    图  6  自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面观测(a, b)及HYCOM模拟(c, d)的海流断面

    a, c. 4月;b, d. 9月,颜色柱负值表示西南向流,正值表示东北向流,红色三角点为FADCP站位

    Fig.  6  Current section of free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profile observation (a, b) and HYCOM simulation (c, d)

    a, c. April; b, d. September, negative value of color column indicates southwest flow, and positive value indicates northeast flow, the red triangle points is the FADCP station

    图  7  海面高度异常及绝对地转流场

    a. 4月;b.9月,红色箭头为FADCP观测到的50 m以浅的平均流,蓝色线为200 m等深线

    Fig.  7  Sea level anomaly and absolute geostrophic current fields

    a. April; b. September, the red arrow shows the average flow of more than 50 m observed by FADCP, the blue line shows the isobath of 200 m

    表  1  自由投放式声学多普勒海流剖面站位(P1–P9)详情

    Tab.  1  Details of free-dropping acoustic Doppler current profiler stations (P1–P9)

    站位经纬度时间/CTD状态水深/m
    2021年4月2021年9月
    P117.37°N, 109.79°E  6日15:24–15:34 186
    P217.26°N, 109.94°E23日06:47–06:57 6日17:13–17:26CTD缺失256
    P317.10°N, 110.04°E24日06:45–07:10 7日07:29–08:03 1025
    P416.98°N, 110.17°E24日08:44–09:15CTD缺失7日09:31–10:06CTD缺失1248
    P516.84°N, 110.33°E24日11:01–11:39CTD缺失8日08:21–09:01CTD缺失1355
    P616.74°N, 110.27°E24日14:13–14:48 8日06:30–07:10 1382
    P716.67°N, 110.53°E24日16:16–16:49 7日13:41–14:19CTD缺失1400
    P816.58°N, 110.62°E24日17:53–18:27 7日15:31–16:15 1255
    P916.49°N, 110.71°E  7日17:20–18:02 1332
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  潜标M1观测仪器及设置(位置为16.85°N,110.32°E,水深为1 400 m)

    Tab.  2  Details of M1 instruments and settings (location: 16.85°N, 110.32°E, depth: 1 400 m)

    序号仪器设计水
    深/m
    离底水
    深/m
    采样间
    隔/min
    仪器设置
    175 kHz ADCP801 3203向下观测,
    层厚为16 m,
    层数为35层
    2Seaguard单点海流计9005006
    3Seaguard单点海流计1 2002006
    4Seaguard单点海流计1 380206
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-09-14
  • 修回日期:  2022-10-25
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-04-13
  • 刊出日期:  2023-03-31

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