气候变化和人类活动影响下黄河远端泥北支粒度组分变化及其区域沉积效应

杨光; 任春宇; 石勇; 徐笑梅; 高建华

doi:10.12284/hyxb2023021

气候变化和人类活动影响下黄河远端泥北支粒度组分变化及其区域沉积效应

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023021

杨光^1,,
任春宇¹,
石勇¹,
徐笑梅¹,
高建华^1, ,

南京大学地理与海洋科学学院海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室，江苏南京 210023

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（42276170，42106158）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨光（1997-），男，吉林省通化市人，研究方向为海洋沉积学。 E-mail：sunshinegeog@163.com

通讯作者:
高建华（1973-），教授，主要从事海洋沉积动力学研究。 E-mail：jhgao@nju.edu.cn

中图分类号: P736.21
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-04
- 修回日期: 2022-09-02
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-03
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-01

Variations in grain size composition and regional sedimentary effects in the north branch of Huanghe River distal mud induced by climate changes and human activities

Key Laboratory of Coast and Island Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China

摘要

摘要: 受限于海洋动力条件的复杂性，基于陆架泥质沉积重建的古气候或古环境一直存在争议。为此，本文在北黄海地区沿沉积物输运路径采集3根柱样，通过沉积物粒度及其端元组分和基于器测数据的东亚冬季风指数和黄海暖流强度，分析了不同泥区沉积物粒度端元组分对冬季风暴和黄海暖流变化的响应机理和强度，揭示了上述变化在不同区域产生的沉积效应。结果表明，近百年以来黄河远端泥北支的沉积物组分变化受到了自然因素和人类活动的共同影响。1980年以后，人类活动对黄河沉积物入海通量及其组成的影响开始增强，并掩盖了自然演化信息。而1980年以前，不同泥区的不同端元组分对冬季风暴和黄海暖流的响应机理和强度存在差异，具有显著的区域沉积效应：粗端元组分受冬季风暴强度变化主导，能够反映山东半岛北岸跨锋面物质输运强度的变化；细端元组分受到黄海暖流强度变化主导，反映沉积物从北黄海西部泥区到辽东半岛东岸泥区的输运过程。上述结论说明，虽然粒度是表征古气候和古环境变化的重要标志物，但应根据不同泥区沉积物来源和沉积动力环境的特点，谨慎选择敏感端元组分，正确地使用粒度指标。
- 北黄海 /
- 粒度 /
- 冬季风暴 /
- 黄海暖流 /
- 跨锋面物质输运
Abstract: Paleoclimate and paleoenvironment reconstruction based on shelf mud deposits remain controversial due to the complexity of coastal dynamic conditions. In this paper, three sediment cores distributed along the sediment transport path in the North Yellow Sea were collected, and the sediment grain size composition, end member, winter storms and Yellow Sea Warm Current strength variation were also analyzed. Based on above analysis, the response mechanism and intensity of different sediment grain size end member to winter storms and Yellow Sea Warm Current were discussed, and sedimentary effect in different regions caused by the above changes was also revealed. The results show that sediment composition in the north branch of Huanghe River distal mud is dominated by the natural condition and human activity over the past 100 years, respectively. Due to the impact of human activities on the sediment flux and composition of the Huanghe River into the sea began to enhance since 1980, and the natural evolution information was destroyed. In addition, through comparing sediment end member of different cores along the sediment transport pathway, the discrepancy in response mechanism and intensity of different end member to winter storms and the Yellow Sea Warm Current were observed before 1980, which reflected significant regional sedimentation effect. Further analysis demonstrated that, the coarse-grained end member is dominated by the winter storm, reflecting intensity of cross-front transport from the north Shandong Peninsula; and the fine-grained end member is controlled by the Yellow Sea Warm Current, representing the long distance transport from the offshore mud patch of the western North Yellow Sea to the eastern coast of the Liaodong Peninsula. Above conclusions indicated that, the sediment grain size is a robust tool for paleoclimate and paleoenvironment reconstruction; however, the utility of sensitive grain size should be based on sediment source and the characteristics of the sediment hydrodynamic environment analysis, and selection of the sensitive grain size and its implication should be careful.
- North Yellow Sea /
- grain size /
- winter storm /
- Yellow Sea Warm Current /
- cross-front transport

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图 1 研究区位图

Fig. 1 Map of survey location

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 柱样N1、N2和N4总²¹⁰Pb活度和过剩²¹⁰Pb活度的垂向分布（1 Bq=60 dpm）

Fig. 2 Vertical distributions of total and excess ²¹⁰Pb radioactivity in cores N1, N2 and N4 (1 Bq=60 dpm)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 柱样N1、N2和N4平均粒径垂向变化及端元频率分布曲线

Fig. 3 Vertical distributions of the mean grain size and frequency distribution curves of cores N1, N2 and N4

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 1900–1997年东亚冬季风和N2粗端元组分（EM3）小波交叉谱（a）以及黄海暖流与N4细端元组分（EM1和EM2）小波交叉谱（b）。1900–2020年东亚冬季风指数（c）、黄海暖流温度距平（d）、N2粗端元组分（EM3）（e）、N4细端元组分（EM1和EM2）变化（f）和黄河输沙量（g）。1980–2020年黄河输沙量与柱样N2粗端元组分（EM3）（h）和柱样N4细端元组分（EM1和EM2）（i）之间的相关性

东亚冬季风指数，1900–1997年数据引自文献[34]，1998–2020年数据根据文献[35]的定义计算；黄海暖流温度距平，1900–1997年使用SODA数据计算，1998–2020年使用ERA5数据计算

Fig. 4 Cross wavelet transform between East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM) and coarse-grained end member (EM3) of Core N2 (a) and between Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) and fine-grained end member (EM1 and EM2) of core N4 (b) during 1900–1997. Variations in EAWM index (c), sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly of Yellow Sea Warm Current (d), coarse-grained end member (EM3) of Core N2 (e) and fine-grained end member (EM1 and EM2) of Core N4 (f). Correlation between sediment load delivered from the Huanghe River to the sea with coarse-grained end member (EM3) of Core N2 (h) and fine-grained end member (EM1 and EM2) of Core N4 (i) during 1980–2020

EAWM index was derived from reference [34] during 1900–1997 and was calculated using data from reference [35] during 1998–2020. SST anomaly of Yellow Sea Warm Current was calculated using SODA data during 1900–1997 and ERA5 data during 1998–2020

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表 1 柱样信息

Tab. 1 The information of sample columns

柱样编号	纬度	经度	水深/m	长度/cm
N1	37.59°N	122.88°E	40	60.5
N2	38.28°N	122.67°E	50	38
N4	39.08°N	122.32°E	25	41.5

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 端元拟合结果

Tab. 2 The results of end member unmixing

No. of EM_S	EM R²	R²	Theta
2	0.020	0.950	9.053
3	0.020	0.974	7.212
4	0.054	0.992	3.932
5	0.144	0.998	2.103
6	0.218	0.999	1.219
注：No. of EM_S为拟合端元数量；EM R²为所有拟合端元之间线性平方相关性的最大值；R²为测量数据集和拟合的端元数据集之间的线性平方相关性；Theta为测量数据集和拟合端元数据集之间的角度距离。

下载: 导出CSV

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