冬季白令海海冰范围变化及其对大气响应机制研究

袁泉; 张凡一; 雷瑞波; 张国胜

doi:10.12284/hyxb2022117

冬季白令海海冰范围变化及其对大气响应机制研究

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022117

袁泉^{1, 2,},
张凡一^{2, 3},
雷瑞波^2, ,,
张国胜¹

1.
南京信息工程大学海洋科学学院，江苏南京 210044
2.
中国极地研究中心自然资源部极地科学重点实验室，上海 200136
3.
武汉大学中国南极测绘中心，湖北武汉 430079

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目（41976219）

详细信息

作者简介:
袁泉（1997-），男，安徽省萧县人，研究方向为极地海洋学。E-mail: yuanquan@nuist.edu.cn

通讯作者:
雷瑞波，主要从事极地海冰过程研究。E-mail: leiruibo@pric.org.cn

中图分类号: P731.15
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-27
- 修回日期: 2022-04-28
- 网络出版日期: 2022-06-23
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-03

Variations in winter sea ice extent and its responses to atmospheric forcing in the Bering Sea

Yuan Quan^{1, 2
,},
Zhang Fanyi^{2, 3},
Lei Ruibo^{2
, ,},
Zhang Guosheng¹

1.
School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
2.
Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai 200136, China
3.
Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China

摘要

摘要: 白令海是冬季北极海冰变化最明显的区域之一，该区域海冰的季节和长期变化与局地的气候、水文环境和生态系统密切相关，并会影响我国的天气气候过程。为了识别该区冬季海冰的长期变化，基于Hadley中心数据，采用滑动t检验和线性回归分析方法对白令海1960–2020年海冰范围的变化趋势及其空间差异进行分析，并分析了海冰变化对大气环流等大气强迫的影响。结果表明：白令海冬季海冰范围在1960–2020年显著减小，20世纪70年代和2000年前后白令海海冰范围存在显著的均值突变。其过程中伴随着阿留申低压中心低压加强、核心位置向白令海西部偏移以及对应风场分布的变化，这个过程存在一个近20 a周期的振荡。同时，太平洋年代际震荡的相位变化可以通过改变海平面气压来调节经向风，改变进入白令海的热平流，进而影响白令海冬季海冰范围。因此，阿留申低压系统和北太平洋年代际振荡对冬季白令海海冰的变化起到重要的调节作用。
- 海冰范围 /
- 白令海 /
- 变化趋势 /
- 太平洋年代际震荡 /
- 阿留申低压
Abstract: The Bering Sea is one of the most obvious areas with reduced winter sea ice in Arctic region. The seasonal and long-term variations of sea ice in this region are closely related to the local climate, hydrological environment and ecosystem, as well as to Chinese weather and climate. In order to identify the long-term variation of winter sea ice in this region, the trend and spatial difference of sea ice extent in Bering Sea from 1960 to 2020 were analyzed by using the sliding t-test and linear regression analysis method based on Hadley Center data, and the effects of atmospheric forcing, such as general circulation, on sea ice change were analyzed. The results showed that the winter sea ice extent of the Bering Sea decreased significantly from 1960 to 2020, and there were significant abrupt changes in the 1970s and around 2000. During these processes, the Aleutian low pressure center and low pressure were strengthened, the core position shifted to the west of Bering Sea and the corresponding wind field distribution changes. Such process has a nearly 20-year cycle of oscillation. At the same time, the phase change of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation can regulate the meridional wind by changing the sea level pressure, and alter the thermal advection into the Bering Sea, thus affecting the winter sea ice extent. Therefore, winter sea ice in the Bering Sea is mainly controlled both by the Aleutian low pressure system and the North Pacific decadal oscillation, as well as the gerneral climate warming.
- sea ice extent /
- Bering Sea /
- variation trend /
- Pacific decadal oscillation /
- Aleutian low pressure

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图 1 1960–2020年白令海冬季平均海冰密集度

Fig. 1 Mean winter sea ice concentration in the Bering Sea during 1960−2020

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图 2 1960–2020年白令海海冰密集度变化趋势的空间分布（红X为未通过显著性检验的网格点）

Fig. 2 Spatial distribution of the long-term trend of sea ice concentration in the Bering Sea during 1960−2020 (red X is the grid point that do not pass the significance test)

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图 3 1960–2020年白令海冬季海冰范围及其趋势 (直线表示线性趋势）

Fig. 3 Winter sea ice extent and trends in the Bering Sea during 1960−2020 (straight line indicates linear trend)

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图 4 1960–2020年白令海冬季海冰范围的滑动t检验

Fig. 4 Sliding t-test of winter sea ice extent in the Bering Sea during 1960−2020

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图 5 1976–1979年和2012–2018年白令海冬季海冰密集度差异

Fig. 5 Differences of winter sea ice concentration in the Bering Sea between 1976 and 1979, as well as 2012 and 2018

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图 6 1976年、1979 年和 2012年、2018 年海平面气压场、风矢量场及差异场

Fig. 6 Sea level pressure field, wind vector field and difference field between 1976 and 1979, 2012 and 2018

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图 7 Q1−Q4的4个时期的海平面气压场、风矢量场及差异场

Fig. 7 Sea level pressure field, wind vector field and difference field for the four periods from Q1 to Q4

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图 8 1976与1979年（a）、2012与2018年（b）、Q1与Q2（c）、Q3与Q4（d）的地面气温差异场（后者减去前者）

Fig. 8 The surface air temperature difference field between 1976 and 1979 (a), 2012 and 2018 (b), Q1 and Q2 (c), Q3 and Q4 (d) periods (the latter minus the former)

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图 9 1960–2020年白令海冬季海冰范围和近地面气温

Fig. 9 Winter sea ice extent and near surface air temperature in the Bering Sea, 1960−2020

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图 10 1960–2020年冬季太平洋年代际振荡（PDO）指数和白令海海平面气压（SLP）趋势分析（虚线表示线性趋势）

Fig. 10 Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) index and sea level pressure (SLP) in Bering Sea during winter, 1960−2020 (dashed line indicates linear trend)

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图 11 1960–2020年冬季海平面气压差和海冰范围距平

Fig. 11 Winter sea level pressure difference and sea ice extent anomaly during 1960−2020

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