Vertical displacement loading tides and self-attraction and loading tides in the South China Sea and adjacent straits
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摘要: 本文采用Green函数方法，基于高分辨率南海海潮模型、DTU10全球海洋潮汐模型以及Gutenberg-Bullen A地球模型计算了南海及邻近海峡的负荷潮。结果表明，M2垂向位移负荷潮振幅最大值出现在台湾海峡，其值超过18 mm；另一个极大值区出现在加里曼丹岛西北外海，其值超过14 mm。K1和O1垂向位移负荷潮振幅在南海南部最大，分别超过18 mm和14 mm；另一个极大值区出现在北部湾，振幅超过8 mm。在研究海区内，全日潮的垂向位移负荷潮不出现无潮点。自吸−负荷潮分布特征与垂向位移负荷潮相近，其振幅大约是垂向位移负荷潮的1.2～1.7倍，其位相与垂向位移负荷潮基本上相反。M2自吸−负荷潮最大振幅值也出现台湾海峡和加里曼丹岛西北外海，其值分别超过24 mm和18 mm。Abstract: The loading tides in the South China Sea and adjacent straits are calculated by means of the Green’s function method based on a high-resolution regional ocean tide model for the South China Sea, the DTU10 global ocean tide model, and the Gutenberg-Bullen A Earth model. The results show that the maximum amplitude of M2 vertical displacement loading (VDL) tide exceeding 18 mm appears in the Taiwan Strait; the second maximum exceeding 14 mm appears off the north-west coast of Kalimantan. The maximum amplitudes of the K1 and O1 VDL tides, exceeding 18 mm and 14 mm respectively, appear near the southern South China Sea; the second maximum exceeding 8 mm, appears in the Beibu Gulf. The distribution patterns of self-attraction and loading (SAL) tides are very similar to those of VDL tides in that the SAL tides have amplitudes about 1.2 times to 1.7 times the corresponding VDL tides and have phases basically opposite to corresponding VDL tides. The maximum amplitude of M2 SAL tide also appears in the Taiwan Strait and off the north-west coast of Kalimantan, with a magnitude exceeding 24 mm and 18 mm respectively.
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图 1 南海及邻近海峡地形分布
Fig. 1 Topographical distribution of the South China Sea and adjacent straits
图 3 南海及邻近海峡分潮同潮图
虚线为振幅（单位：cm）；实线为格林威治迟角（单位：（°））
Fig. 3 Cotidal charts for the South China Sea and adjacent straits
Dashed lines indicate amplitude (unit: cm); solid lines indicate Greenwich phase-lag (unit: (°))
图 4 M2（a）和S2（b）垂向位移负荷潮
虚线为振幅（单位：mm）；实线为格林威治迟角（单位：（°））
Fig. 4 M2 (a) and S2 (b) vertical displacement loading tides
Dashed lines indicate amplitude (unit: mm); solid lines indicate Greenwich phase-lag (unit: (°))
图 7 K1（a）和O1（b）自吸−负荷潮
虚线为振幅（单位：mm）；实线为格林威治迟角（单位：（°））
Fig. 7 K1 (a) and O1 (b) self-attraction and loading tides
Dashed lines indicate amplitude (unit: mm); solid lines indicate Greenwich phase-lag (unit: (°))
图 5 K1（a）和O1（b）垂向位移负荷潮
虚线为振幅（单位：mm）；实线为格林威治迟角（单位：（°））
Fig. 5 K1 (a) and O1 (b) vertical displacement loading tides
Dashed lines indicate amplitude (unit: mm); solid lines indicate Greenwich phase-lag (unir: (°))
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