黄河口潮滩泥沙絮凝研究

于上; 谢卫明; 何青; 王宪业; 赵中豪; 郭磊城; 徐凡

doi:10.12284/hyxb2022105

黄河口潮滩泥沙絮凝研究

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022105

于上^1,,
谢卫明^1, ,,
何青¹,
王宪业¹,
赵中豪¹,
郭磊城¹,
徐凡¹

华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室，上海 200041

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点项目（51739005，51909101，42006150，41876091，U2040216）；科技部国际科技创新合作重点项目（2016YFE0133700）。

详细信息

作者简介:
于上（1994-），男，吉林省长春市人，博士研究生，主要从事河口潮滩泥沙运动及动力地貌研究。 E-mail：52173904006@stu.ecnu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
谢卫明，博士后，主要从事河口潮滩泥沙运动和动力地貌过程研究。 E-mail：wmxie@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-21
- 修回日期: 2022-07-04
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-05
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-03

Study of sediment flocculation in tidal flat of Huanghe River Estuary

State Key Lab of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200041, China

摘要

摘要: 本文基于现场观测的絮团粒径、悬沙浓度及水动力数据，研究了黄河口南部潮滩泥沙絮凝特征。研究发现，黄河口潮滩絮团粒径在25.42～264.44 μm之间，平均为95.20 μm。水体紊动对黄河口潮滩絮凝的影响存在差异，紊动对絮凝促进作用的上限约为G_l=3.76 s⁻¹。紊动强度低于G_l时，紊动促进泥沙絮凝，絮团粒径随紊动加强而增大；反之水体紊动对絮凝主要起抑制作用，絮团粒径随紊动强度增大而减小。悬沙浓度对黄河口潮滩泥沙絮凝起抑制作用，同等紊动条件下高悬沙浓度对应的絮团粒径更小。黄河口潮滩絮团有效密度与粒径呈现负相关关系，沉速主要受粒径影响。本研究补充了对弱潮河口潮滩泥沙絮凝特性的认识。
- 泥沙 /
- 絮凝 /
- 潮滩 /
- 黄河口
Abstract: Based on the field data of floc size, suspended sediment concentration and hydrodynamic data, the flocculation characteristics of tidal flat in the south of the Huanghe River Estuary are studied. The results show that the floc size of Huanghe River Estuary tidal flat range is 25.42–264.44 μm, and the average diameter is 95.20 μm. The effect of water turbulence on the flocculation of tidal flat at the Huanghe River Estuary is different, and the upper limit of turbulence on flocculation promotion is about G_l=3.76 s^–1. While the turbulence intensity of water is lower than G_l, turbulence promotes sediment flocculation, and the particle size of floc increases with the strengthen of turbulence intensity, whereas the turbulence mainly inhibits flocculation, the particle size of floc decreases with the attenuate of turbulence intensity. The suspended sediment concentration inhibits the flocculation, particle size of floc corresponding to high sediment content under the same turbulent conditions is smaller. There is a negative correlation between the effective density and the particle size of the floc, and the settling speed of the floc is mainly affected by the particle size. This study complements the understanding of sediment flocculation characteristics in tidal flat of weak tidal estuary.
- sediment /
- flocculation /
- tidal flat /
- Huanghe River Estuary

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图 1 研究区域及仪器布置示意图

Fig. 1 Sketch of study area and instrument layout

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图 2 观测期间水动力、波浪与风速随时间变化序列

Fig. 2 Time series of hydrodynamic force, wave and wind during the observation period

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图 3 观测期间床面切应力与悬沙浓度（SSC）随时间变化序列

Fig. 3 Time series of bed shear stress, bottom turbulent shear rate and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) during the observation period

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图 4 研究区域的“泥丸”型泥沙聚合体

Fig. 4 The “pill-like” sediment aggregates in the study area

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图 5 观测期间絮团粒径、体积浓度、有效密度与沉速随时间变化序列

Fig. 5 Time series of floc size, volume concentration, effective density and settling velocity during the observation period

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图 6 絮团粒径与底部紊动剪切率关系

Fig. 6 Variation of floc size with bottom turbulent shear rate

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图 7 絮团粒径与悬沙浓度（SSC）关系

Fig. 7 Variation of floc size with suspended sediment concentration

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图 8 絮团粒径与有效密度关系

Fig. 8 Variation of floc size with effective density

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图 9 絮团粒径与沉速关系

Fig. 9 Variation of floc size with settling velocity

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表 1 各个潮周期絮团粒径与紊动剪切率、悬沙浓度及流速的Spearman系数

Tab. 1 Spearman correlation coefficient of floc particle size and bottom turbulent shear rate, suspended sediment concentration and flow velocity

时期	底部紊动剪切率	悬沙浓度	流速
T1	0.51/显著相关	0.11/不相关	–0.27/不相关
T2	–0.20/不相关	–0.48/微相关	0.18/不相关
T3	–0.41/微相关	–0.48/微相关	–0.11/不相关
T4	–0.65/显著相关	–0.76/显著相关	0.34/微相关

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表 2 不同G_l对应拟合结果对比

Tab. 2 Fitting results of different G_l

G_l/s⁻¹	R²（紊动促进絮凝阶段）	R²（紊动抑制絮凝阶段）
3.31	0.17	0.34
3.76	0.53	0.32
3.98	0.42	0.28
4.30	0.43	0.26
4.59	0.09	0.02

下载: 导出CSV

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