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珠江三角洲全新世沉积物磁性特征及早期成岩作用分析

吉俊熹 时硕 陈莹璐 王孟瑶 王张华

吉俊熹,时硕,陈莹璐,等. 珠江三角洲全新世沉积物磁性特征及早期成岩作用分析[J]. 海洋学报,2022,44(6):89–105 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022061
引用本文: 吉俊熹,时硕,陈莹璐,等. 珠江三角洲全新世沉积物磁性特征及早期成岩作用分析[J]. 海洋学报,2022,44(6):89–105 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022061
Ji Junxi,Shi Shuo,Chen Yinglu, et al. Magnetic characteristics and early diagenesis of Holocene sediments in the Zhujiang River Delta[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2022, 44(6):89–105 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022061
Citation: Ji Junxi,Shi Shuo,Chen Yinglu, et al. Magnetic characteristics and early diagenesis of Holocene sediments in the Zhujiang River Delta[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2022, 44(6):89–105 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022061

珠江三角洲全新世沉积物磁性特征及早期成岩作用分析

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022061
基金项目: 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)创新团队项目(311021004)。
详细信息
    作者简介:

    吉俊熹(1997-), 男,海南省乐东县人,主要研究方向为河口海岸带沉积环境演变。E-mail: 1604991523@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    王张华(1973-),教授,女,浙江省诸暨市人,主要研究方向为河口海岸沉积环境演变。E-mail: zhwang@geo.ecnu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P736.21

Magnetic characteristics and early diagenesis of Holocene sediments in the Zhujiang River Delta

  • 摘要: 磁性矿物的早期成岩作用是沉积物埋藏后的重要过程,辨别早期成岩作用,才能更好地解释地层的矿物磁性变化。本研究对珠江三角洲顺德平原全新世钻孔MZ孔进行沉积相和室温磁性分析,并辅以热磁分析鉴定磁性矿物,以探讨钻孔不同深度和沉积相的早期成岩作用阶段。结果表明,MZ孔全新世地层自下而上包括感潮河道、河口湾和三角洲相。室温磁性特征与沉积相缺乏明显关联,表现出强烈的早期成岩作用。此外,全新世晚期岩芯磁性特征还受人类活动影响。该孔早期成岩作用以磁性矿物溶解和形成自生黄铁矿为主。在三角洲前缘相的上部和河口湾相底部保存了硫复铁矿。根据矿物组合推测以4.51~4.56 m和30.4~30.5 m两个深度为代表的硫复铁矿形成机制不同,即三角洲前缘相中硫复铁矿可能形成于早期成岩作用的硫酸盐还原阶段,而河口湾相的硫复铁矿形成于甲烷厌氧氧化阶段,后者的含量随着深度增加逐渐增多。上述现象说明,沉积环境可以通过影响有机质和硫酸根离子的供应量,决定磁性矿物所达到的早期成岩作用阶段。
  • 图  1  稳态早期成岩作用分带及磁性矿物浓度变化的概念模型图(修改自文献[26-27])

    红色为磁铁矿,灰色为硫复铁矿。SD、PSD、MD、SP分别为单畴态、假单畴态、多畴态以及超顺磁态颗粒;SMTZ为硫酸盐-甲烷转换带

    Fig.  1  Steady mtate redox zones of early diagenesis and associated changes in the concentrations of magnetic minerals (refer to references [26-27])

    Magnetite is red, greigite is gray. SD, PSD, MD and SP are single-domain, pseudosingle-domain, multi-domain and superparamagnetic particles. SMTZ is sulfate-methane transition zone

    图  2  珠江三角洲平原及MZ孔位置

    Fig.  2  Zhujiang River Delta plain and location of Core MZ

    图  3  MZ孔主要沉积相的典型岩性照片

    a.河床;b–g. 感潮河道;h–m. 河口湾;n. 前三角洲;o. 三角洲前缘斜坡;p–r. 三角洲前缘。深度单位:m

    Fig.  3  Typical lithologic photos of main sedimentary facies in Core MZ

    a. River bed; b–g. tidal river; h–m. embayment; n. prodelta; o. delta front slope; p–r. delta front. Depth unit: m

    图  4  MZ孔岩性、沉积构造、粒度组成、14C测年、沉积速率及沉积相判断

    Fig.  4  Lithology, sedimentary structure, grain-size composition, deposition rate, AMS14C ages and interpretation of sedimentary facies in Core MZ

    图  5  MZ孔粒径、室温磁性参数垂向分布及单元划分

    灰色条带表示进行热磁分析的样品

    Fig.  5  Vertical distributions of mean grain-size and magnetic parameters at room temperature and unit division of Core MZ

    The gray strip represents the sample for thermomagnetic analysis

    图  6  MZ孔典型样品热磁曲线图

    按深度排列,Ⅰ−Ⅵ表示矿物组合类型

    Fig.  6  Representative thermomagnetic curves in Core MZ

    Arranged by depth, Ⅰ−Ⅵ representing the mineral assemblages

    图  7  各磁性单元的含泥量与质量磁化率散点图

    A单元:三角洲前缘;B三角洲前缘−斜坡;C斜坡−前三角洲;D单元:前三角洲;E、F单元:河口湾;G单元:感潮河道−河床

    Fig.  7  Biplots of sediment content vs magnetic susceptibility of each magnetic unit

    A: Delta front; B: delta front-slope; C: slope-prodelta; D: prodelta; E and F: embayment; G: tidal river-river bed

    图  8  MZ孔早期成岩作用阶段垂向分布示意图

    Fig.  8  Schematic diagram of the vertical distribution of early diagenetic zones in Core MZ

    表  1  珠江三角洲顺德平原MZ孔测年结果及校正(校正年龄取概率大于0.8的区间)

    Tab.  1  AMS14C ages and calibrations for Core MZ in the Shunde Plain of Zhujiang River Delta (the calibrated ages are selected with a probability of more than 0.8)

    深度/m标高/m测年材料常规年龄/a BP校正年龄/cal. a BP实验室编号
    中值概率
    6.52−6.1植物380±30318~5034451.000Beta-548917
    7.78−7.36植物1 100±30955~1 0631 0000.961Beta-548918
    10.39−9.97木头2 880±302 921~3 0783 0100.899Beta-548919
    11.80−11.38贝壳2 590±301 993~2 3882 2051.000Beta-548920
    17.43−17.01贝壳2 690±302 117~2 5652 3351.000Beta-548921
    18.44−18.02贝壳3 010±302 516~2 9182 7301.000Beta-548923
    21.74−21.32贝壳5 420±305 524~5 8915 6951.000Beta-548924
    21.88−21.46植物7 820±308 534~8 6498 5950.968Beta-548925
    22.14−21.72植物4 950±305 598~5 7325 6601.000Beta-548926
    30.06−29.64植物8 780±309 658~9 9089 7850.963Beta-548927
    31.30−30.88木头8 850±309 766~10 1549 9701.000Beta-548928
    42.73−42.31贝壳10 980±3012 813~12 99812 8800.915Beta-548929
    44.20−43.78贝壳11 180±3013 081~13 16213 1101.000Beta-548930
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  MZ孔磁性单元的磁参数特征值

    Tab.  2  Characteristic values of magnetic parameters in each unit of Core MZ

    磁性参数磁性单元及沉积相类型
    A单元
    (三角洲前缘)
    B单元
    (三角洲
    前缘−斜坡)
    C单元
    (斜坡−前三
    角洲)
    D单元
    (前三角洲)
    E单元
    (河口湾)
    F单元
    (河口湾)
    G单元
    (感潮河道−河床)
    χ/
    (10−8 m3·kg−1
    范围119.7~395.411.5~71.27.1~26.417.5~28.013.0~30.416.1~93.23.9~73.5
    平均值202.152.213.821.920.834.122.2
    标准差73.315.47.62.33.918.011.0
    SIRM/
    (10−6 Am2·kg−1
    范围10 461.3~30 448.1905.2~28 471.9341.0~3 542.41 636.0~4 355.81 711.9~4 217.11 955.8~18 601.51 007.5~27 547.1
    平均值17 272.36 909.81 466.52 607.62 792.07 210.82 959.0
    标准差5 966.55 625.41 295.6690.5623.95 291.83 697.6
    χfd /%范围5~9.710~7.00~1.90~1.60~9.720~3.70~2.7
    平均值6.84.20.30.20.90.70.5
    标准差1.22.10.70.42.00.90.7
    χarm/
    (10−8 m3·kg−1
    范围467.3~1 842.411.9~1 756.81.5~20.933.0~404.0200.6~521.260.3~338.222.8~266.8
    平均值940.6356.95.8145.6346.1198.683.5
    标准差320.6403.56.8101.283.586.749.7
    χarm/χ范围3.3~7.20.2~67.10.1~3.01.6~18.511.2~21.91.1~13.41.7~14.0
    平均值4.88.40.76.616.76.84.0
    标准差1.015.01.04.52.73.22.3
    χarm/SIRM)/
    (10−5 mA−1
    范围33.1~88.42.1~594.30.9~61.416.1~134.885.9~162.610.8~70.59.7~91.9
    平均值56.574.912.552.5124.635.332.2
    标准差14.7133.421.927.515.917.312.6
    SIRM/χ范围7.7~10.07.8~50.74.8~13.69.1~19.28.4~14.75.0~60.96.6~37.5
    平均值8.613.08.711.913.424.412.7
    标准差0.89.53.62.71.116.25.8
    HIRM/
    (10−6 Am2·kg−1
    范围66.1~1 241.4121.0~698.425.9~256.2129.5~231.573.6~236.06.5~721.29.3~372.1
    平均值595.6318.5129.6196.2165.3195.8131.7
    标准差319.5126.284.921.040.4155.569.8
    S−20/%范围53.3~75.750.8~80.161.1~73.856.5~81.581.1~568.759.8~98.853.6~97.8
    平均值58.757.169.362.363.073.866.4
    标准差7.57.84.26.44.211.08.7
    S−40/%范围75.1~86.950.5~76.753.0~68.452.6~73.959.8~82.851.9~98.853.5~98.5
    平均值79.270.158.163.864.663.662.0
    标准差3.45.16.04.14.610.47.5
    S−100/%范围90.0~95.364.3~91.369.0~88.480.5~88.686.2~95.881.1~99.675.3~100.0
    平均值92.287.777.984.487.888.386.3
    标准差1.46.07.62.11.53.53.5
    S−300/%范围95.4~99.681.7~97.683.3~94.189.2~95.492.5~97.791.2~99.988.7~99.7
    平均值96.694.289.292.194.096.194.5
    标准差1.23.33.81.60.92.52.1
      注:磁参数特征值包括最大值、最小值、平均值和标准差。
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-06-29
  • 修回日期:  2021-09-10
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-07-13
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