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黄河口悬浮泥沙时空动态及其驱动机制

褚言皓 吴文娟 李鹏 陈沈良

褚言皓,吴文娟,李鹏,等. 黄河口悬浮泥沙时空动态及其驱动机制[J]. 海洋学报,2022,44(6):150–163 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022059
引用本文: 褚言皓,吴文娟,李鹏,等. 黄河口悬浮泥沙时空动态及其驱动机制[J]. 海洋学报,2022,44(6):150–163 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022059
Chu Yanhao,Wu Wenjuan,Li Peng, et al. Temporal and spatial dynamics of suspended sediment and its driving mechanism in the Yellow River Estuary[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2022, 44(6):150–163 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022059
Citation: Chu Yanhao,Wu Wenjuan,Li Peng, et al. Temporal and spatial dynamics of suspended sediment and its driving mechanism in the Yellow River Estuary[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2022, 44(6):150–163 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022059

黄河口悬浮泥沙时空动态及其驱动机制

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022059
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(U1706214);河口海岸学国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLEC-KF202001)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    褚言皓(1997-),男,山东省青岛市人,主要从事河口海岸遥感及应用研究。E-mail: cyh1997620@163.com

    通讯作者:

    陈沈良(1964-),男,浙江省海盐县人,教授,主要从事河口海岸学及其应用研究。E-mail: slchen@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TV142;TV148+.5

Temporal and spatial dynamics of suspended sediment and its driving mechanism in the Yellow River Estuary

  • 摘要: 受径流输沙、风浪、潮汐等影响,河口近岸海域悬浮泥沙具有显著的时空变化。本文基于小时分辨率的GOCI遥感影像,利用最优遥感反演算法,结合空间分析和统计方法,深入研究黄河口及邻近海域悬沙时空动态特征及驱动机制。结果表明,径流输沙对悬沙浓度的影响以河口近岸区为主,高径流输沙对悬沙浓度分布影响可达距岸约20 km,并向孤东近岸方向扩散。大风可引起清水沟老河口区泥沙强烈再悬浮,形成高浓度悬沙区。涨落潮对小时尺度的悬沙浓度影响显著,并影响悬沙的南北扩散。大潮悬沙浓度变化和扩散范围均大于小潮,潮流流速不同是造成该差异的主要原因。水深与悬沙浓度之间存在较明显的负相关关系,根据不同驱动因素的差异,悬沙浓度随着水深的增加呈现出指数型、幂函数型、线性3种关系。
  • 图  1  研究区及悬沙实测点位

    Fig.  1  Study area and sampling sites of suspended sediment concentration

    图  2  悬沙浓度反演与实测值散点图

    a. YOC算法;b. Case2算法;c. 余佳算法;d. Li算法

    Fig.  2  Scatterplot of GOCI-derived versus measured suspended sediment concentration

    a. YOC algorithms; b. Case2 algorithms; c. Yu algorithms; d. Li algorithms

    图  3  低(a)、高(b)径流输沙量条件下河口悬沙浓度分布对比

    Fig.  3  Suspended sediment concentration distribution in the estuary under low (a) and high (b) fluvial sediment discharges

    图  4  微风(a)和大风(b)情况下研究区悬沙浓度分布

    Fig.  4  Suspended sediment concentration distribution in the study area on light (a) and gale (b) breeze days

    图  5  涨落潮各时段悬沙浓度分布

    Fig.  5  Suspended sediment concentration variations during a tidal cycle

    图  6  涨落潮各时段高浓度悬沙(不小于150 mg/L)边界与摆动角度

    Fig.  6  Boundary and swing angle of high-concentration suspended sediment (no less than 150 mg/L) during each period of flood and ebb tides

    图  7  小潮(a)与大潮(b)期间的悬沙浓度分布

    Fig.  7  Suspended sediment concentration distribution at neap (a) and spring (b) tides

    图  8  小潮(a,c)与大潮(b,d)悬沙浓度标准差(a,b)及变异系数(c,d)

    Fig.  8  The standard deviation (a, b) and coefficient of variation (c, d) of the suspended sediment concentration between the neap tide (a, c) and the spring tide (b, d)

    图  9  研究区水深及水下地形断面

    b和c中各断面的位置见图1

    Fig.  9  Water depth topography in the study area and its transections

    The location of sections in b and c see fig. 1

    图  10  悬沙浓度与水深关系的曲线拟合

    Fig.  10  Curve fitting of suspended sediment concentration against water depth

    表  1  悬沙浓度实测数据

    Tab.  1  Measured data of suspended sediment concentration

    日期数据量/个悬沙浓度范围/(mg·L−1
    2017年8月6日142.2~47.8
    2017年8月7日121.4~248.5
    2017年8月8日63.6~48.6
    2018年8月25日1010.9~195.26
    2018年8月26日113.6~405.07
    2018年8月27日84.2~34.4
    2019年7月12日1010~40
    2019年7月15日610~80
    2020年9月6日79.7~46.9
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  所用GOCI影像信息

    Tab.  2  GOCI imagery information used in this study

    成像日期可用影像/景 成像日期可用影像/景
    2017年7月8日82018年8月27日5
    2017年8月6日82018年8月30日8
    2017年8月7日82018年11月1日8
    2017年8月8日82018年12月13日8
    2017年8月9日82019年7月11日8
    2018年7月16日82019年7月12日8
    2018年7月22日82018年7月15日3
    2018年8月25日82018年7月16日8
    2018年8月26日42020年9月6日8
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  悬沙浓度反演模型列表

    Tab.  3  List of suspended sediment concentration inversion models

    算法模型适用地区
    YOCSSC=100.649+25.623(Rrs555+Rrs660)-0.646(Rrs490/Rrs555)黄海、东海
    Case2SSC=100.08832+1.627(Rrs745/Rrs555)+1.121(Rrs680/Rrs490)韩国近岸海域
    余佳算法SSC=0.6358exp(87.65Rrs555)黄海、渤海
    Li算法SSC=101.019(Rrs660/Rrs555)+10.394Rrs490+0.835黄河口近岸海域
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  不同情景下高浓度悬沙(不小于150 mg/L)情况

    Tab.  4  High-concentration suspended sediment (no less than 150 mg/L) under different scenarios

    情景径流量/(m³·s−1日输沙量/(104 t)面积/km²最大值/(mg·L−1最大扩散范围/km
    高径流输沙2520.00481.00316.001377.6217.14
    低径流输沙440.003.1025.00386.342.77
    微风(2.1 m/s)770.0011.8123.501501.335.31
    大风(8.9 m/s)370.002.45783.001692.6021.56
    大潮(1.12 m)2520.00481.00316.001377.6217.14
    小潮(0.49 m)3490.001079.00196.251365.8013.55
      注:“情景”列括号内分别是微风、大风情况下的风速和大、小潮的潮差。
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-06-27
  • 修回日期:  2021-08-30
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-07-13
  • 刊出日期:  2022-07-13

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