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街区尺度风暴潮漫滩数值模拟

张露 傅赐福 董剑希 于福江

张露,傅赐福,董剑希,等. 街区尺度风暴潮漫滩数值模拟[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(10):38–49 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021161
引用本文: 张露,傅赐福,董剑希,等. 街区尺度风暴潮漫滩数值模拟[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(10):38–49 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021161
Zhang Lu,Fu Cifu,Dong Jianxi, et al. Numerical simulation of storm surge inundation in block scale[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(10):38–49 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021161
Citation: Zhang Lu,Fu Cifu,Dong Jianxi, et al. Numerical simulation of storm surge inundation in block scale[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(10):38–49 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021161

街区尺度风暴潮漫滩数值模拟

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021161
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1401503)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    张露(1992—),女,山东省乳山市人,助理工程师,主要从事风暴潮漫滩研究。E-mail:ZLzhanglu1818@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P731.23

Numerical simulation of storm surge inundation in block scale

  • 摘要: 本文利用ADCIRC模型,在宁波市北仑区建立了街区尺度的风暴潮漫滩模型,北仑区陆地分辨率达5~10 m。模拟结果整体展现漫滩淹没城市街道建筑的过程,细致刻画了水流在街区和建筑错综复杂分布时的流动情况,以及不同建筑物附近水深的变化,比以往的漫滩模拟更加精细,体现街区尺度网格的优势。数值模拟结果表明:此模型可以较好地模拟1211号台风“海葵”和5612号台风“温黛”的风暴潮过程。利用卫星遥感图像对北仑区地物进行分类,考虑下垫面底摩擦变化对漫滩模拟的影响。对比未考虑底摩擦情况的模拟实验结果,淹没面积减少了21.4%,大部分区域水深降低在0.1~0.2 m,街区尺度网格细致展示出不同地物所在区域的水深降低程度以及淹没面积变化。
  • 图  1  所选区域

    Fig.  1  Selected area

    图  2  高低层建筑的划分示意图

    Fig.  2  Division diagram of high and low buildings

    图  3  大洋所选网格区域(a)、北仑区附近海域(b)以及北仑区局部放大的陆地网格(c)

    Fig.  3  The selected grid of ocean (a), the sea area near the Beilun District (b), and the land grid magnified locally in the Beilun District (c)

    图  4  大洋(a)和北仑区附近海域(b)水深分布

    Fig.  4  The distribution of water depth in the ocean (a) and nearby seas of Beilun District (b)

    图  5  陆地高程插值图

    Fig.  5  Interpolation map of land elevation

    图  6  1211号台风“海葵”路径(a)和验潮站分布(b)

    Fig.  6  Track of No. 1211 Typhoon Haikui (a) and distribution of tide gauge stations (b)

    图  7  镇海、吴淞、乍浦和定海站风暴潮实测值和模拟值对比

    Fig.  7  Comparison of measured and simulated storm surge values at Zhenhai,Wusong, Zhapu and Dinghai stations

    图  8  5612号台风“温黛”路径(a)和验潮站位置分布(b)

    Fig.  8  Track of No. 5612 Typhoon Wanda (a) and location distribution of tide gauge stations (b)

    图  9  镇海、吴淞、乍浦和高桥站风暴潮实测值与模拟值对比

    Fig.  9  Comparison of measured and simulated storm surge values at Zhenhai,Wusong, Zhapu and Gaoqiao stations

    图  10  甬江澄浪堰和姚江大闸径流边界位置分布

    Fig.  10  Runoff boundary location distribution of Chenglang Weir on Yongjiang River and Yaojiang Gate

    图  11  镇海、吴淞、乍浦和高桥站总潮位实测值与模拟值对比

    Fig.  11  Comparison of measured and simulated total tide level at Zhenhai, Wusong, Zhapu and Gaoqiao stations

    图  12  5612号台风“温黛”漫滩模拟的最大淹没范围

    Fig.  12  Maximum inundation area simulated by No. 5612 Typhoon Wanda

    图  13  5612号台风“温黛”漫滩过程三维图

    Fig.  13  Three-dimensional diagram of the inundation process of No. 5612 Typhoon Wanda

    图  14  北仑区曼宁系数n示意图

    Fig.  14  Schematic diagram of Manning-n in the Beilun District

    图  15  考虑下垫面底摩擦变化后,北仑区最大淹没范围

    Fig.  15  The maximum submerged area of Beilun District after considering the change of the underlying surface friction

    图  16  考虑下垫面底摩擦变化前后,北仑区最大淹没水深差值

    Fig.  16  Maximum submerged depth difference in the Beilun District before and after considering the underlying surface friction

    图  17  考虑下垫面底摩擦变化前后,淹没区域变化

    红色表示面积增加;蓝色表示面积减少

    Fig.  17  The change of the submerged area before and after considering the change of the underlying surface friction

    Red represents increased area; blue represents reduced area

    表  1  4个验潮站最大增水实测值和模拟值相对误差分析统计(单位:m)

    Tab.  1  Statistical table of relative error analysis of the measured and simulated values of the maximum water increasing at 4 tide gauge stations (unit: m)

    站名实测值模拟值相对误差
    镇海1.671.64.2%
    吴淞1.51.453.3%
    乍浦3.032.7210.2%
    定海1.551.419%
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  4个验潮站最大增水实测值与模拟值相对误差分析统计表(单位:m)

    Tab.  2  Statistical table of relative error analysis between the measured and simulated values of the maximum water increasing at 4 tide gauge stations (unit: m)

    站名实测值模拟值相对误差
    镇海2.522.759.13%
    吴淞2.162.4412.96%
    乍浦4.114.345.6%
    高桥2.392.525.44%
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  7类地物的曼宁系数(n)设置

    Tab.  3  Manning-n settings for seven types of features

    等级21222331435183
    n0.1200.1210.0500.0400.1700.0700.035
    地物描述低密度居民区高密度居民区商业区裸露的岩石和沙地四季常青和随季节变化的两种森林的混合灌木丛农作物稀少地
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-07-29
  • 修回日期:  2021-03-19
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-09-02
  • 刊出日期:  2021-10-30

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