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湛江湾三维温盐特征季节变化观测分析

黄润琪 谢玲玲 李敏 王丽菊

黄润琪,谢玲玲,李敏,等. 湛江湾三维温盐特征季节变化观测分析[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(11):46–60 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021156
引用本文: 黄润琪,谢玲玲,李敏,等. 湛江湾三维温盐特征季节变化观测分析[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(11):46–60 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021156
Huang Runqi,Xie Lingling,Li Min, et al. Observational analysis on 3D distribution and seasonal variation of thermohaline characteristics in the Zhanjiang Bay[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(11):46–60 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021156
Citation: Huang Runqi,Xie Lingling,Li Min, et al. Observational analysis on 3D distribution and seasonal variation of thermohaline characteristics in the Zhanjiang Bay[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(11):46–60 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021156

湛江湾三维温盐特征季节变化观测分析

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021156
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(41776034,41706025);广东省冲一流专项资金(231419012,231819002);广东海洋大学科学基金配套经费(P15299);广东省普通高校创新团队项目(2019KCXTF021)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    黄润琪(1996-),男,广东省东莞市人,研究方向为物理海洋。E-mail:huangrunqi_ocean@163.com

    通讯作者:

    李敏(1988-),女,博士,山东省聊城市人,研究方向为物理海洋。E-mail:limin_gdou@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P731.1

Observational analysis on 3D distribution and seasonal variation of thermohaline characteristics in the Zhanjiang Bay

  • 摘要: 利用2017年1−12月的现场观测数据,分析了湛江湾温盐的三维空间结构及季节变化特征。结果表明:(1) 2017年湛江湾各站位年平均温度为23~27℃、盐度为19~27、位势密度为11~17 kg/m3、浮性频率(N2)为7×10−5~5×10−3 s−2。浮性频率的垂向结构及水平分布与温度分布类似,而位势密度则与盐度的变化趋势几乎一致;(2)温度季节变化明显,夏季最高,秋季次之,冬季最低,冬夏温差最大达15℃,而盐度季节变化则不大。相较于季节引起的变化,涨落潮对温度以及盐度影响较小。温度跃层夏季最强,10 m处温度最大梯度可达到0.7℃/m,春秋季温跃层抬升至5 m附近,冬季水体上下混合均匀。夏季和秋季存在明显的盐跃层,盐度梯度最大可达到1.1 m−1。跃层上下温盐的季节变化规律一致;(3)水平分布上,从湾顶区、湾颈区、大堤区、浅滩区到湾口区,温度递减,盐度递增,湾顶区和湾口区平均温度差为2.3℃,盐度差为2.7。温盐图分析显示,不同季节水体呈现为不同的温盐条带,湾口区基本为低温、高盐水体,而湾顶区基本为高温、低盐水体,其他区域水体介于上述两者之间。
  • 图  1  湛江湾地形及观测站位分布

    黑色圆点为所有调查站位;红色实线连接的站位为本文选取的断面;绿框为本文划分的区域

    Fig.  1  Topography and distribution of survey stations in the Zhanjiang Bay

    The black dots represent all survey stations; the red curve shows the section analyzed in this paper; the green boxes denote the divided regions

    图  2  纵断面各站年平均温度(a)、盐度(b)、位势密度(c)及浮性频率(d,N2单位:s−2

    黑线为站位水深

    Fig.  2  Sections of annual mean temperature (a), salinity (b), potential density (c) and buoyancy frequency (d, unit of N2 is s−2)

    The black curve shows the water depth of the section

    图  3  湛江湾各站2 m层、5 m层、10 m层年平均温度(a−c)、盐度(d−f)、位势密度(g−i)、浮性频率(j−l,N2单位:s−2)水平分布

    Fig.  3  Annual mean temperature (a−c), salinity (d−f), potential density (g−i), and buoyancy frequency (j−l, unit of N2 is s−2) at 2 m, 5 m, and 10 m at each station in the Zhanjiang Bay

    图  4  各月份观测站位所处潮高

    Fig.  4  Tidal height at observation stations in each month

    图  5  各区域温度在涨潮、平潮和落潮阶段的逐月垂向分布

    Fig.  5  Vertical distribution of temperature during flood tide, slack water, and ebb tide in each region for each month

    图  6  各区域盐度在涨潮、平潮和落潮阶段的逐月垂向分布

    Fig.  6  Vertical distribution of salinity during flood tide, slack water, and ebb tide in each region for each month

    图  7  四季温度(a−d)、盐度(e−h)、位势密度(i−l)及浮性频率(m−p,N2单位:s−2)断面分布

    黑线为站位水深

    Fig.  7  Sections of temperature (a−d), salinity (e−h), potential density (i−l) and buoyancy frequency (m−p, unit of N2 is s−2) in four seasons

    The black curve shows the water depth of the section

    图  8  各区域表层(a)、中层(b)和底层(c)平均温度逐月分布

    Fig.  8  Monthly mean temperature at the surface layer (a), middle layer (b) and bottom layer (c) in each region

    图  9  各区域表层(a)、中层(b)和底层(c)平均盐度逐月分布

    Fig.  9  Monthly mean salinity at the surface layer (a), middle layer (b) and bottom layer (c) in each region

    图  10  各区域四季温盐图

    灰色实线为等位势密度线;不同颜色的点分别代表各区域的站位;灰点为4个季节所有的观测值

    Fig.  10  Seasonal temperature-salinity diagram in each region

    The gray lines denote the potential density contours; the dots with different colors denote the observations in different regions; the gray dots denote all the observations in four seasons

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  • 收稿日期:  2020-11-17
  • 修回日期:  2021-02-21
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-08-26
  • 刊出日期:  2021-12-31

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