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崇明岛内河大型底栖动物群落组成及分布特征

王涛 童春富 吴逢润 从婷婷 赵成建 陈振涛

王涛,童春富,吴逢润,等. 崇明岛内河大型底栖动物群落组成及分布特征[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(9):71–80 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021152
引用本文: 王涛,童春富,吴逢润,等. 崇明岛内河大型底栖动物群落组成及分布特征[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(9):71–80 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021152
Wang Tao,Tong Chunfu,Wu Fengrun, et al. Community composition and distribution characteristics of the benthic macroinvertebrates in the inland rivers of Chongming Island[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(9):71–80 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021152
Citation: Wang Tao,Tong Chunfu,Wu Fengrun, et al. Community composition and distribution characteristics of the benthic macroinvertebrates in the inland rivers of Chongming Island[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(9):71–80 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021152

崇明岛内河大型底栖动物群落组成及分布特征

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021152
基金项目: 上海市科学技术委员会项目(19DZ1203801);国家自然科学基金(41761144062)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    王涛(1993—),男,安徽省宿州市人,从事湿地生态学研究。E-mail:51163904025@stu.ecnu.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    童春富(1977—),男,副研究员,从事湿地生态学与系统生态学研究。E-mail:cftong@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: Q178.53

Community composition and distribution characteristics of the benthic macroinvertebrates in the inland rivers of Chongming Island

  • 摘要: 大型底栖动物是河流生态系统中重要的生态类群,研究其群落组成及分布特征能为河流生态系统管理提供理论支撑。2018年6月(夏季)和11月(秋季),在崇明岛内河设置16个固定站点,开展了拖网和地笼相结合的大型底栖动物调查,分析研究了崇明岛内河大型底栖动物群落的组成与分布特征及影响因子。调查期间共采集到大型底栖动物14种,分属5目8科,主要为节肢动物。其中,淡水型10种,河口半咸水型3种,降海洄游型1种。从空间分布来看,北横引河记录12种,南横引河记录6种,竖河记录11种;不同河道大型底栖动物群落组成均以淡水型种类为主,主要优势物种为日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)和秀丽白虾(Exopalaemon modestus);北横引河大型底栖动物群落的物种数、多度及生物量均高于南横引河;而竖河介于两者之间。夏季大型底栖动物群落的物种数、多度和生物量均高于秋季,季节变化是崇明岛内河大型底栖动物群落组成变化的重要特征之一。综合来看,崇明岛内河大型底栖动物群落组成特征兼具内陆河流和河口区特点,它与崇明岛区位特征、河流水文及生境条件、水质特征及区域人类活动等多种因素有关。
  • 图  1  崇明岛内河采样站位示意图

    Fig.  1  Map of sampling sites in the inland rivers of Chongming Island

    图  2  不同河段大型底栖动物物种数

    A. 地笼;B. 拖网

    Fig.  2  The number of species of the benthic macroinvertebrate in the different reaches

    A. Ground cage; B. trawl

    图  3  不同河段大型底栖动物多度

    A. 地笼;B. 拖网;不同小写字母表示同一河段不同季节之间存在显著差异(p<0.05),括号中不同的小写字母表示同一季节不同河段之间存在显著差异(p<0.05)

    Fig.  3  The abundance of the benthic macroinvertebrate in the different reaches

    A. Ground cage; B. trawl; different lowercase letters indicate that there are significant differences between different seasons in the same river (p<0.05), and different lowercase letters in parentheses indicate that there are significant differences between different rivers in the same season (p<0.05)

    图  4  不同河段大型底栖动物生物量

    A. 地笼;B. 拖网;不同小写字母表示同一河段不同季节之间存在显著差异(p<0.05),括号中不同的小写字母表示同一季节不同河段之间存在显著差异(p<0.05)

    Fig.  4  The biomass of the benthic macroinvertebrate in the different reaches

    A. Ground cage; B. trawl; different lowercase letters indicate that there are significant differences between different seasons in the same river section (p<0.05), and different lowercase letters in parentheses indicate that there are significant differences between different river sections in the same season (p<0.05)

    图  5  大型底栖动物群落的聚类和nMDS分析

    A. 地笼;B. 拖网

    Fig.  5  Cluster and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling analysis on the benthic macroinvertebrates

    A. Ground cage; B. trawl

    表  1  崇明岛内河不同河段大型底栖动物群落组成特征

    Tab.  1  Characteristics of the benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the different reaches of the inland rivers of Chongming Island

    种类北横引河南横引河竖河
    %N %B IRI %N %B IRI %N %B IRI
    十足目 Decapoda
    日本沼虾Macrobrachium nipponense1, a, b41.1452.3693.5023.1424.4547.5912.9321.3234.24
    罗氏沼虾Macrobrachium rosenbergii1, b0.120.550.130.000.000.000.030.630.11
    秀丽白虾Exopalaemon modestus1, a, b56.9034.3891.2873.9832.33106.3186.1365.73151.86
    脊尾白虾Exopalaemon carinicauda2, b0.000.000.000.000.000.000.030.250.05
    安氏白虾Exopalaemon annandalei2, b0.040.030.010.000.000.000.000.000.00
    克氏原螯虾Procambarus clarkii1, a0.000.000.000.191.360.310.000.000.00
    中华绒螯蟹Eriocheir sinensis3, a, b0.041.480.301.6729.4224.870.224.951.72
    无齿螳臂相手蟹Chiromantes dehaani2, a0.274.754.020.9311.4312.360.030.320.06
    腹足目 Mesogastropoda
    铜锈环棱螺Bellamya aeruginosa1, a, b

    1.084.632.280.000.000.000.190.960.19
    梨形环棱螺Bellamya purificata1, a, b0.120.56
    0.270.000.000.000.030.170.03
    蚌目Unionoida
    背角无齿蚌Anodonta woodiana1, b
    0.120.330.090.000.000.000.061.230.22
    三角帆蚌Hyriopsis cumingii1, b0.040.130.030.000.00

    0.000.030.320.06
    帘蛤目Veneroida
    河蚬Corbicula fluminea1, b0.120.760.180.091.010.220.324.111.47
    异柱目 Anisomyaria
    湖沼股蛤 Limnoperna lacustris1, b0.040.040.020.000.000.000.000.000.00
      注:1. 淡水型;2. 河口半咸水型;3. 降海洄游型;a. 地笼;b. 拖网。
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-02-28
  • 修回日期:  2020-05-27
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-07-23
  • 刊出日期:  2021-09-25

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