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大小潮作用对潮滩沉积物层理影响的数值模拟研究

徐孟飘 东培华 马骏 罗锋 张长宽 范代读 周曾

徐孟飘,东培华,马骏,等. 大小潮作用对潮滩沉积物层理影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(10):70–80 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021125
引用本文: 徐孟飘,东培华,马骏,等. 大小潮作用对潮滩沉积物层理影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(10):70–80 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021125
Xu Mengpiao,Dong Peihua,Ma Jun, et al. The effects of spring-neap tide on sediment bedding on tidal flats: A numerical study[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(10):70–80 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021125
Citation: Xu Mengpiao,Dong Peihua,Ma Jun, et al. The effects of spring-neap tide on sediment bedding on tidal flats: A numerical study[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(10):70–80 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021125

大小潮作用对潮滩沉积物层理影响的数值模拟研究

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021125
基金项目: 同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室开放基金(MG201901);江苏省海洋科技创新项目重大专项(HY2018-1)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    徐孟飘(1993-),女,江苏省扬州市人,主要从事河口海岸水动力泥沙模拟研究。E-mail:mengpiao.xu@outlook.com

    通讯作者:

    周曾(1986-),教授,主要从事河口海岸地貌学研究。E-mail:zeng.zhou@hhu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TV122

The effects of spring-neap tide on sediment bedding on tidal flats: A numerical study

Funds: The study is financially supported by State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University (No. MG201901) and Jiangsu Marine Science and Technology Innovation Programme (No. HY2018-1)
  • 摘要: 潮滩垂向沉积韵律层的形成主要取决于周期性的潮汐条件,包括涨落潮、大小潮、季节性及更长时间尺度的潮汐特征,为探究大小潮周期对潮滩沉积物垂向层理形成机制的影响,应用一维潮流泥沙与底床分层数学模型,对周期性潮汐条件作用下潮滩垂向沉积韵律层形成机制进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明,大小潮的周期性是模型中沉积层理表现韵律性的主要原因之一,韵律层中单个层理结构对应于1个大小潮周期过程,层理结构由形成于小潮期间的泥质层及形成于大潮期间的砂质层组成,层理的厚度也呈旋回性变化,大潮时层理较厚而小潮时层理较薄。水体边界含沙量是影响潮汐层理结构的重要因子,边界含沙量中粉砂占比增大会使潮汐韵律层整体粗化且砂质层厚度增大,当边界含沙量整体显著增大时,潮滩上的垂向潮汐韵律层会更加完整且厚度明显增大。潮汐层理的形成与特征是多种因子共同作用的结果,后续需进一步探究包括波浪、风暴潮、潮滩生物等其他因子的作用。
  • 图  1  底床分层模型及其计算过程

    Fig.  1  Bed stratigraphy modeling and schematic diagram of calculation process

    图  2  初始床面组成

    Fig.  2  Initial bed composition

    图  3  单M2分潮作用下(a)以及大小潮作用下(b)潮滩沉积物分选、分层特征,代表点A、B、C将用作后续分析

    Fig.  3  Results of sediment sorting and layering under only M2 tide (a) and spring/neap tidal cycles (b), representative points A, B and C are used for subsequent analyses

    图  4  仅M2分潮作用下A、B、C 3点处垂向沉积物占比

    Fig.  4  Percentage of vertical sediments at points A, B and C under the action of M2 tidal constituent

    图  5  大小潮作用下A、B、C 3点处垂向沉积物占比

    Fig.  5  Percentage of vertical sediments at points A, B and C under the action of the superposition of M2 and S2 constituents

    图  7  潮位过程(a),P2点累计层数(b)和含沙量变化(c)

    Fig.  7  Tidal level (a), cumulative layers (b) and changes of percentage of vertical sediments (c)

    图  8  不同工况下潮间带区域黏土与粉砂占比分布

    Fig.  8  Distribution of clay and silt fractions in intertidal flat under different sediment concentration conditions

    图  9  代表点(离岸1 km处)不同工况下两个大小潮周期内沉积物垂向分布

    Fig.  9  Vertical distribution of sediments in two tidalcycles under different conditions at representative points

    表  1  水动力条件工况设置

    Tab.  1  Hydrodynamic condition setting

    振幅/m频率/((°)·h−1相位差/(°)
    仅M2作用工况1M22.028.985 50
    工况2M22.528.985 50
    工况3M23.028.985 50
    M2与S2叠加作用工况4M2228.985 50
    S20.4300
    工况5M2228.985 50
    S20.8300
    工况6M2228.985 50
    S21300
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  3种工况的边界含沙量设置

    Tab.  2  Three settings of sediment concentration

    黏土含沙量/
    (kg·m−3)
    粉砂含沙量/
    (kg·m−3)
    细砂含沙量/
    (kg·m−3)
    工况一0.0060.0040.001
    工况二0.0040.0160.001
    工况三0.0400.1600.001
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-04-08
  • 修回日期:  2020-06-30
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-06-16
  • 刊出日期:  2021-10-30

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