西北太平洋山间盆地沉积物有机碳质量累积速率及影响因素

李继东; 孙栋; 王春生; 杨娟

doi:10.12284/hyxb2021048

西北太平洋山间盆地沉积物有机碳质量累积速率及影响因素

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021048

李继东^1,,
孙栋^{2, 3, 4},
王春生^{2, 3, 4, 5},
杨娟^1, ,

1.
中国地质大学（北京）海洋学院，北京 100083
2.
自然资源部第二海洋研究所，浙江杭州 310012
3.
自然资源部海洋生态系统动力学重点实验室，浙江杭州 310012
4.
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室（珠海），广东珠海 519080
5.
上海交通大学海洋学院，上海 200030

基金项目: 国际海域资源调查与开发“十三五”课题（DY135-E2-2-03）

详细信息

作者简介:
李继东（1991-），男，福建省莆田市人，主要从事西北太平洋海山区生态环境相关研究工作。E-mail：786465503@qq.com

通讯作者:
杨娟，副教授，研究方向为海洋生态系统分析与评价。E-mail：yangjuan@cugb.edu.cn

中图分类号: P736.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-17
- 修回日期: 2020-11-30
- 网络出版日期: 2021-02-25
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-01

Organic carbon mass accumulation rate and its influencing factors in intermountain basin sediments of northwest Pacific Ocean

Li Jidong^1
,,
Sun Dong^{2, 3, 4},
Wang Chunsheng^{2, 3, 4, 5},
Yang Juan^{1
, ,}

1.
School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2.
Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
4.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China
5.
School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China

摘要

摘要: 海洋碳汇作用是大洋生态系统的重要生态系统服务功能，不仅影响着海洋生态系统的能量流动，也是元素循环的重要驱动力。本文以中国大洋48航次采集自西北太平洋典型海山区海盆的沉积物样品和资料为基础，对西北太平洋山间盆地沉积物有机碳质量累积速率(F_orgc)特征及影响因素展开初步研究。结果表明，西北太平洋山间盆地有机碳质量累积速率变化范围为1.41～1.73 g/(m²·ka)，均值为1.60 g/(m²·ka)，以中部偏西海区的有机碳质量累积速率最高；全区平均净初级生产力转移效率约为0.003 1%。西北太平洋山间盆地有机碳质量累积速率和净初级生产力转移效率均低于东太平洋海区和赤道太平洋海区。本区有机碳质量累积速率受水层和沉积层的生物地球化学循环驱动因素，如海洋净初级生产力、沉积物质量累积速率、有机碳含量、氧化还原电位等的综合影响，同时也受距海山距离、水深等地形因子的影响。
- 沉积物 /
- 有机碳质量累积速率 /
- 净初级生产力 /
- 转移效率
Abstract: Carbon sinking is one of the important ecological services of ocean ecosystems, which acts as a driving force for energy flow and material cycle. Based on the 48th China scientific cruise in the northwest Pacific Ocean, the investigation on the sedimentary environment of intermountain basin was carried out regarding to the characteristics and influencing factors of total organic carbon mass accumulation rate (F_orgc). The results show that the F_orgc in the northwestern Pacific Ocean basin ranges from 1.41 g/(m²·ka) to 1.73 g/(m²·ka), with an average of 1.60 g/(m²·ka). As a whole, about 0.003 1% of the region’s net primary productivity is buried in sediments annually. Both F_orgc and net primary productivity transfer efficiency are lower in the northwestern Pacific intermountain basin in comparison with those in the eastern Pacific Ocean and equatorial Pacific Ocean. Many environmental factors influenced the F_orgc in this area, induding biogeochemical factors in the water column and sediments, such as net primary productivity, sediment mass accumulation rate, organic carbon content, redox potential, and those topographic factors, such as the distance from the nearest seamount and water depth.
- sediments /
- total organic carbon mass accumulation rate /
- net primary productivity /
- transfer efficiency

HTML全文

图 1 采样站位

白色虚线和灰色实线分别表示流经本区的表层和底层海流的路径^[24]

Fig. 1 Sampling stations in the study area

The white dot line and grey solid line denote the transport routes of the surface current and bottom current respectively in the study area

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图 2 研究区有机碳质量累积速率F_orgc、沉积物质量累积速率F、净初级生产力（以碳计）NPP、TOC、平均粒径M_z（Φ）及氧化还原电位Eh平面分布

Fig. 2 The regional distribution of mass accumulation rate, sediment mass accumulation rate, net primary productivity (carbon), TOC, average particle size and redox potential in the study area

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图 3 主成分荷载图

Fig. 3 Principal component loads diagram

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图 4 影响有机碳质量累积速率的沉积环境参数随距海山距离的变化

Fig. 4 The changes of sedimentary environment paremeters of the total organic carbon mass accumulation rate with the distance from the nearest seamount

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表 1 各站位有机碳质量累积速率及相关环境因子

Tab. 1 F_orgc and related environmental factors at each station

站位	有机碳质量累积速率/(g·m⁻²·ka⁻¹)	NPP/ (g·m⁻²·a⁻¹)	TOC含量/%	有机碳密度/ (g·cm⁻³)	沉积物质量累积速率/(kg·m⁻²·ka⁻¹)	距海山距离/ km	水深/m	干密度/ (g·cm⁻³)	孔隙度/%
BC1803	1.71±0.16	52.94	0.31±0.02	0.70±0.08	0.56±0.04	70.6	5 426	2.24±0.23	72.89±2.87
BC1812	1.62±0.23	53.80	0.32±0.04	0.67±0.09	0.55±0.08	47.3	5 088	2.14±0.29	72.74±4.05
BC1817	1.56±0.16	56.16	0.29±0.04	0.64±0.10	0.59±0.06	39.3	5 421	2.26±0.28	71.93±2.78
BC1826	1.45±0.23	51.48	0.40±0.02	0.79±0.10	0.37±0.05	34.6	5 480	1.98±0.18	77.74±1.60
BC1833	1.63±0.21	50.56	0.35±0.03	0.69±0.12	0.49±0.05	67.4	5 614	2.00±0.27	72.72±2.43
BC1834	1.66±0.19	48.34	0.46±0.05	1.00±0.12	0.38±0.05	117.6	5 694	2.19±0.20	81.31±2.60
BC1837	1.73±0.19	47.94	0.31±0.04	0.71±0.07	0.58±0.02	7.3	4 601	2.32±0.16	71.95±1.07
BC1839	1.41±0.14	45.94	0.42±0.06	0.72±0.08	0.37±0.04	46.2	5 647	1.76±0.20	77.33±1.28

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表 2 主成分提取表

Tab. 2 Principal component extraction table

成分	初始特征值			旋转平方和载入
成分	合计	方差解释度/%	累积贡献率/%	合计	方差解释度/%	累积贡献率/%
F₁	3.813	54.472	54.472	3.020	43.138	43.138
F₂	1.824	26.055	80.528	2.617	37.390	80.528
F₃	0.800	11.422	91.949
F₄	0.321	4.592	96.541
F₅	0.179	2.562	99.103
F₆	0.060	0.850	99.953
F₇	0.003	0.047	100

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表 3 有机碳质量累积速率及各参数的相关性

Tab. 3 Correlation coefficient of F_orgc with various environmental parameters

	F_orgc/(g·m⁻²·ka⁻¹)	NPP/(g·m⁻²·a⁻¹)	海山距离/km	水深/m	TOC含量/%	F/(kg·m⁻²·ka⁻¹)	M_z(Φ)	Eh/mV	主成分F₁	主成分F₂	综合得分
F_orgc/(g·m⁻²·ka⁻¹)	1
NPP/(g·m⁻²·a⁻¹)	0.138	1
海山距离/km	0.183	−0.080	1
水深/m	−0.486	−0.050	0.695	1
TOC含量/%	−0.420	−0.660	0.561	0.594	1
F/(kg·m⁻²·ka⁻¹)	0.637	0.594	−0.390	−0.640	−0.950**	1
M_z(Φ)	0.551	0.361	−0.080	−0.440	−0.620	0.759*	1
Eh/mV	−0.318	−0.700	−0.210	−0.130	0.528	−0.506	−0.200	1
主成分F₁	0.435	0.872**	0.063	−0.080	−0.752*	0.766*	0.570	−0.879**	1
主成分F₂	−0.258	−0.010	0.857**	0.930**	0.624	−0.602	−0.400	−0.270	0	1
综合得分	0.176	0.675	0.587	0.522	−0.190	0.218	0.170	−0.850**	0.778*	0.628	1
注：*代表差异极显著（p<0.01），代表差异显著（p<0.05）。

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表 4 太平洋沉积环境判定

Tab. 4 Determination of the Pacific Ocean sedimentary environment

位置	氧化还原电位/mV	参考文献	沉积环境判定^[44]
本研究区(17°～24°N，153°～160°E)	205～365	本文	弱氧化
东太平洋(97°～11°N，167°～178°W)	457～502	[45]	氧化
赤道太平洋(1°N，158°W)	360～420	[46]	弱氧化−氧化

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表 5 太平洋不同海区有机碳质量累积速率、NPP、转移效率的对比

Tab. 5 The comparison of F_orge, NPP and transfer efficiency in different Pacific Ocean regions

位置	F_orgc/(g·m⁻²·ka⁻¹)	NPP/(g·m⁻²·a⁻¹)	转移效率/%	参考文献
本研究区(17°～24°N、153°～160°E)	1.60±0.11	50.89	0.003 1	本研究
采薇海山附近(15°～16°15′N，154°30′～156°E)	1.36±1.37	40.00	0.003 4	[32]
东太平洋(3°50′～13°42′N，144°49′～151°39′W)	4.37±1.40	80.00	0.005 5	[27]
赤道太平洋(5°S～5°N，140°W)	14.19±4.87	96.00	0.014 8	[47]

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