基于NPP-VIIRS的伏季休渔结束后南海北部灯光渔船聚集特征与制度响应分析

林俊豪; 于杰; 陈国宝

基于NPP-VIIRS的伏季休渔结束后南海北部灯光渔船聚集特征与制度响应分析

林俊豪^{1, 2,},
于杰^2, ,,
陈国宝²

1.
上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院，上海 201306
2.
中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部海洋牧场重点实验室/国家数字渔业（海洋牧场）创新分中心/农业农村部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站/广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室/广东省海洋休闲渔业工程技术研究中心，广东广州 510300

基金项目: 农业农村部渔业发展补助资金项目 (SCSFRI2024A012)；广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111030002)。

详细信息

作者简介:
林俊豪（2002—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为海洋渔业资源与海洋遥感。E-mail：lin13528249982@163.com

通讯作者:
于杰，博士，副研究员，研究方向为海洋渔业资源和海洋遥感。E-mail: yujiescs@aliyun.com

中图分类号: S932
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-11-07
- 修回日期: 2026-04-13
- 网络出版日期: 2026-05-11

Analysis of aggregation characteristics and institutional response of light fishing boats in northern South China Sea after Summer fishing moratorium based on NPP-VIIRS

Lin Junhao^{1, 2
,},
Yu Jie^{2
, ,},
Chen Guobao²

1.
College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, 201306, China
2.
South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong China/Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Digital Fisheries (Marine Ranching) Innovation Sub-Center/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environments, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment/Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Recreational Fishery, Guangzhou 510300, China

摘要

摘要: 伏季休渔制度是我国海洋渔业资源养护的重要制度之一。基于2012—2024年的NPP-VIIRS灯光渔船数据，分析休渔结束后三个月灯光渔船的聚集性分布特征、作业重心的变动以及灯光强度随时间的变化特征，并评估休渔制度调整对灯光渔业的影响。研究结果：（1）首月，海南岛东部、粤西和珠江口近岸各有一处灯光渔船聚集区，面积分别为1281.71 km²、5,178.53 km²、2,609.70 km²；粤东近岸海域有两处，面积分别为687.79 km²和2,596.00 km²。（2）首月，灯光渔船出现频数高频区（448～711）的网格有 7个，中频区（315～448）有10个；次月，高频区消失，中频区仅1个，低频区（181～315）和极低频区（61～181）网格增至13和36个（增幅30%、24.14%）；第三个月，频数在61～181的网格减至9个。（3）休渔结束后，海南岛东部、粤西、珠江口和粤东四个海域的灯光渔业渔场重心变化范围分别为（110.51～110.81°E, 18.59～19.02°N）、（111.78～112.09°E, 20.94～21.23°N）、（113.94～114.07°E, 21.55～22.08°N）和（116.69～117.01°E, 22.58～22.78°N）。四个海域灯光辐射值分别在休渔结束后的第19、2、14和35天达到峰值，高作业强度持续至55 天、54 天、51 天和47 天之后便逐渐降低。（4）BSTS模型显示，2017年后推迟开捕时间对提升珠江口海域灯光渔业的捕捞努力量有显著效应（P < 0.01），对于海南岛东部、粤西和粤东海域影响不显著（P > 0.05）。本研究可为我国完善伏季休渔制度和灯光渔业管理提供参考资料。
- 伏季休渔 /
- 灯光渔业 /
- 夜光遥感 /
- 南海北部
Abstract: [Background] Summer fishing moratorium system is one of the important systems in the conservation of marine fishery resources in China. [Aim] To explore the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of light fishing boats in the northern South China Sea after Summer fishing moratorium and assess the impact of Summer fishing moratorium adjustment on light fishery, [Method] based on NPP-VIIRS data from 2012 to 2024, we analyse of light fishing boats aggregation distribution characteristics, operation center of gravity changes and light radiation changes with time characteristics of three months after the end of Summer fishing moratorium. [Result] We found that (1) In the first month after Summer fishing moratorium, there are one aggregation area of light fishing boats in the East Hainan Island, 5,178.53 km² and 2,609.70 km² in the West Guangdong Province and the Pearl River estuary, respectively; there are two gathering areas in the coastal waters of East Guangdong Province, with an area of 687.79 km² and 2,596.00 km² respectively. (2) In the first month after Summer fishing moratorium, there were 7 grids in the high frequency region (448～711) and 10 grids in the middle frequency region (315～448); in the second month, the high frequency region disappeared, only 1 grid in the middle frequency region, and the grids in the low frequency region (181～315) and the extremely low frequency region (61～181) increased to 13 and 36 (an increase of 30% and 24.14%); in the third month, the grids in the frequency region (61～181) decreased to 9. (3) After Summer fishing moratorium, the change range of gravity center of the four main light fishing grounds in East Hainan Island, West Guangdong, Pearl River estuary and East Guangdong changed by (110.51～110.81°E, 18.59～19.02°N)、(111.78～112.09°E, 20.94～21.23°N)、(113.94～114.07°E, 21.55～22.08°N) and (116.69～117.01°E, 22.58～22.78°N). The light radiation values of the four fishing grounds reached the peak values on the 19^th, 2^nd, 14^th and 35^th days after Summer fishing moratorium, respectively, and the high values of the fishing intensity lasted to 55 days, 54 days, 51 days and 47 days respectively.(4) BSTS model shows that delaying fishing time after 2017 has significant effect on increasing fishing effort of light fishery in Pearl River Estuary fishing ground (P <0.01), the fishing effect on fishing grounds of East Hainan Island, West Guangdong and East Guangdong was not significant. This research can provide reference materials for improving Summer fishing moratorium system and light fishery management in China.
- Summer fishing moratorium /
- Light fishery /
- Nighttime light remote sensing /
- Northern South China Sea

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图 1 研究区域图

注：1：海南岛东部海域；2：粤西海域；3：珠江口海域；4：粤东海域。

Fig. 1 The Research Area

Note: 1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the sea areas of East Hainan Island, West Guangdong, the Pearl River Estuary, and East Guangdong, respectively.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 2017—2024年南海北部海域灯光渔船核密度（左列）和灯光渔船出现频数空间分布（右列）(a)和(b)为8月16日—9月15日，(c)和(d)为9月16日—10月15日，(e)和(f)为10月16日—11月15日

注：图2(a)的A、B、C、D和E为5个高核密度区。

Fig. 2 Spatial distribution of kernel density (left column) and frequency (right column) of light fishing boats occurrence in northern South China Sea from 2017 to 2024 (a) and (b) are from 16 August to 15 September, (c) and (d) are from 16 September to 15 October, (e) and (f) are from 16 October to 15 November

Note: A, B, C, D and E are five regions of high kernel density in figure 2(a).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 2017‒2024年南海北部4个海域的灯光渔船作业重心变化轨迹

注：1为8月16日—8月31日，2为9月1日—9月15日，3为9月16日—9月30日，4为10月1日—10月15日，5为10月16日—10月31日，6为11月1日—11月15日.

Fig. 3 The path of the fishing gravity of four sea areas in northern South China Sea in 2017‒2024

Note: 1 is from August 16 to August 31, 2 is from September 1 to September 15, 3 is from September 16 to September 30, 4 is from October 1 to October 15, 5 is from October 16 to October 31, 6 is from November 1 to November 15.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 2017—2024年南海北部4个海域每日的灯光辐射值变化

Fig. 4 Daily light radiance values of four sea areas in northern South China Sea from 2017 to 2024

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同月份核密度等级区间的面积与比例

Tab. 1 Area and proportion of kernel density grade region in different months

时间段 Time	核密度值区间 Kernel Density	面积/km² Area	面积占比 Area proportion
第一个月	>2200	12,410.25	3.20%
	1500～2200	20,852.59	5.39%
	700～1500	42,819.82	11.07%
	200～700	82,090.79	21.21%
第二个月	>2200	0	0
	1500～2200	2,972.07	0.77%
	700～1500	34,529.45	8.92%
	200～700	119,389.98	30.85%
第三个月	>2200	0	0
	1500～2200	0	0
	700～1500	1,555.24	0.40%
	200～700	34,465.26	8.91%

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 BSTS预测模型解释性结果

Tab. 2 Explanatory results of BSTS prediction model

海域 Sea area	相对变化/% Relative effect	P值 P Value	显著性 Significance
海南岛东部海域	+6.22%±22.31%	0.39	不显著
粤西海域	+38.28%±25.38%	0.07	不显著
珠江口海域	+83.74%±32.73%	0.002	显著
粤东海域	+17.91%±25.43%	0.22	不显著

下载: 导出CSV

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