波流共同作用下浮式OWC型防波堤的水动力性能研究

王荣泉; 芮凯龙; 宁德志; LiangDongfang

波流共同作用下浮式OWC型防波堤的水动力性能研究

1.
大连理工大学海岸与海洋工程全国重点实验室，大连，116024
2.
Department of Engineering，University of Cambridge，Cambridge，UK

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（52571281，W2421072）；中央高校基本科研业务费资助（DUT24LK006）。

详细信息

作者简介:
王荣泉（1989—），男，湖南省邵阳人，主要从事波浪能开发与利用研究

通讯作者:
宁德志（1975—），男，黑龙江五常人，从事海洋工程水动力学研究。Email：dzning@dlut.edu.cn

计量
- 文章访问数: 28
- HTML全文浏览量: 13
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-01-27
- 修回日期: 2026-04-21
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-29

Study on the hydrodynamic performance of an floating OWC-breakwater under the combined wave-current action

1.
State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024
2.
Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

摘要

摘要: 针对波流共同作用下OWC型防波堤的水动力特性，建立了波流共同作用下浮式OWC型防波堤的二维时域完全非线性数值模型，并利用物理模型试验数据验证了该模型的可靠性。在此基础上，系统研究了水流流速、后墙吃水深度和厚度变化对OWC型防波堤透射系数、反射系数及水动力效率的影响规律。研究结果表明，顺流条件下装置的透射系数、反射系数和水动力效率均呈现降低的趋势；而逆流条件下，则呈现出相反的变化趋势。增大后墙吃水深度可降低透射系数并提高水动力效率，对反射系数影响较为有限；此外，增大后墙厚度可降低透射系数并提升水动力效率，对反射系数影响亦不显著。研究结果为OWC型防波堤的结构优化及工程设计提供了重要的参考依据。
- 波浪能 /
- OWC型防波堤 /
- 波流共同作用 /
- 物理模型试验 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: The hydrodynamic performance of a floating oscillating water column (OWC) breakwater under the co-action of waves and currents is numerically investigated. A time domain two-dimensional (2D) fully nonlinear numerical model was established for the OWC-breakwater, and its reliability was validated using experimental data. The effects of the current speed, the rear wall draft, and the rear wall thickness on the transmission coefficient, the reflection coefficient, and the hydrodynamic efficiency are numerically analyzed. The results indicate that under following current conditions, the transmission coefficient, reflection coefficient, and hydrodynamic efficiency of the device all exhibit a decreasing trend; whereas under opposing current conditions, the opposite trends are observed. Furthermore, increasing the rear wall draft reduces the transmission coefficient and improves the hydrodynamic efficiency, with a limited effect on the reflection coefficient. Besides, increasing the rear wall thickness also decreases the transmission coefficient and enhances hydrodynamic efficiency, while its influence on the reflection coefficient is insignificant. The findings of this study provide important references for the structural optimization and engineering design of OWC breakwaters.
- wave energy /
- OWC-breakwater /
- combined wave-current action /
- physical model test /
- numerical simulations

HTML全文

图 1 固定式OWC型防波堤^[2]

Fig. 1 Fixed OWC-breakwater^[2]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 与多孔板集成的固定式OWC型防波堤^[4]

Fig. 2 Fixed OWC-breakwater integrated with a perforated plate^[4]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 L型OWC装置与浮式圆柱防波堤集成系统^[18]

Fig. 3 Integrated system of an L-shaped OWC device and a floating cylindrical breakwater^[18]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 波流水槽图和模型图

Fig. 4 Wave–current flume and physical model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 物理模型试验布置图

Fig. 5 Schematic of the physical model experiment setup

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 OWC型防波堤二维数值波流水槽模型示意图

Fig. 6 Schematic diagram of the 2D numerical wave–current flume model for the OWC-breakwater

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 气室中心波面和气室内气压时程曲线

Fig. 7 Time histories of the wave surface elevation at the chamber center and the air pressure inside the chamber

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 水流影响下OWC型防波堤的(a)透射系数K_t、(b)反射系数K_r和(c)水动力效率ξ_in0

Fig. 8 Hydrodynamic performance of the OWC-breakwater under the influence of current: transmission coefficient K_t (a), reflection coefficient K_r (b), and hydrodynamic efficiency ξ_in0 (c)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 不同流速条件下瞬时功率P_abs时程曲线

Fig. 9 Time histories of instantaneous power P_abs under different current velocities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 相对波能流

Fig. 10 Relative wave energy flux

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 水流影响下OWC型防波堤的水动力效率 ξ_in

Fig. 11 Hydrodynamic efficiency ξ_in of the OWC-breakwater under the influence of current

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 后墙吃水深度变化下OWC型防波堤的(a)透射系数K_t、(b)反射系数K_r、(c)水动力效率ξ_in0

Fig. 12 OWC-breakwater under different rear wall drafts: (a) transmission coefficient K_t, (b) reflection coefficient K_r, and (c) hydrodynamic efficiency ξ_in0

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 后墙厚度变化变化下OWC型防波堤的(a)透射系数K_t、(b)反射系数K_r、(c)水动力效率ξ_in0

Fig. 13 OWC-breakwater under the influence of rear wall width: (a) transmission coefficient K_t, (b) reflection coefficient K_r, and (c) hydrodynamic efficiency ξ_in0

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 入射波浪条件

Tab. 1 Incident Wave Conditions

H₀（m）	0.06
T (s)	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.45	1.5	1.55	1.6	1.65	1.7	1.8	1.9	2.0
kh	2.81	2.42	2.11	1.99	1.87	1.77	1.68	1.60	1.53	1.4	1.30	1.20

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 模型试验工况

Tab. 2 Model Test Conditions

工况	w₁/w₂（m）	d₁/d₂（m）	H₀（m）	U₀（m/s）	T(s)
物模工况1	0.1/0.1	0.25/0.25	0.06	0	1.2～2.0
物模工况2	0.1/0.1	0.25/0.25	0.06	0.1	1.2～2.0
物模工况3	0.1/0.1	0.25/0.25	0.06	0.2	1.2～2.0

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 数值模拟工况

Tab. 3 Numerical Simulation Conditions

工况	w₁/w₂（m）	d₁/d₂（m）	H₀（m）	U₀（m/s）	T(s)
数模工况1	0.1/0.1	0.25/0.25	0.06	−0.1/0/0.1/0.2/0.3	1.2～2.0
数模工况2	0.1/0.1	0.25/0.375	0.06	0	1.2～2.0
数模工况3	0.1/0.1	0.25/0.5	0.06	0	1.2～2.0
数模工况4	0.1/0.2	0.25/0.25	0.06	0	1.2～2.0
数模工况5	0.1/0.3	0.25/0.25	0.06	0	1.2～2.0

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(30)

[1]	Mustapa M A, Yaakob O B, Ahmed Y M, et al. Wave energy device and breakwater integration: a review[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017, 77: 43−58. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.110
[2]	Ojima R, Suzumura S, Goda Y. Theory and experiments on extractable wave power by an oscillating water-column type breakwater caisson[J]. Coastal Engineering in Japan, 1984, 27(1): 315−326. doi: 10.1080/05785634.1984.11924396
[3]	胡晓. 一种基于防波堤的振荡水柱式的波浪能发电装置的水动力研究[D]. 镇江: 江苏科技大学, 2023. Hu Xiao. An oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device based on a breakwater hydrodynamic study of the turbine[D]. Zhenjiang: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 2023.
[4]	Zhuang Qianze, Ning Dezhi, Mayon R, et al. Experimental and numerical investigation of a land-fixed breakwater-type wave energy converter: an OWC device and a porous plate[J]. Coastal Engineering, 2024, 194: 104614. doi: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104614
[5]	庄乾泽, 宁德志. 集成透空板的振荡水柱式防波堤水动力性能模拟研究[C]//第二十一届中国海洋(岸)工程学术讨论会论文集. 青岛: 中国海洋学会海洋工程分会, 2024: 177−181. Zhuang Qianze, Ning Dezhi. Numerical study on hydrodynamic performance of an oscillating water column breakwater integrated with perforated plates[C]//Proceedings of the 21st China Ocean Engineering Symposium. Qingdao, 2024: 177−181. (查阅网上资料, 未找到对应英文翻译信息, 请确认)
[6]	Socrates S S, Sriram V, Sundar V. Numerical investigations on the hydrodynamic performances of an isolated OWC and its integration with a semi-circular breakwater[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2024, 302: 117686. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117686
[7]	Socrates S S, Sriram V, Sundar V. Experimental investigation on an array of OWCs integrated with Semi-circular breakwater[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2025, 331: 121323. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.121323
[8]	Zhang Xiangyu, Mayon R, Zhou Feng, et al. Experimental and numerical investigation on a novel dual-chamber OWC-WEC integrated with an energy-focusing breakwater[J]. Coastal Engineering, 2025, 201: 104814. doi: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104814
[9]	Xu Conghao, Yang Jiwei, Yao Yu, et al. Performance of a closely-spaced array of circular U-OWC devices for wave power extraction and breakwater applications[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2025, 324: 120654. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.120654
[10]	傅磊, 宁德志, 王荣泉, 等. 不规则波作用下岸基式振荡水柱波能装置的水动力性能研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2024, 46(1): 101−110. doi: 10.12284/hyxb2024005 Fu Lei, Ning Dezhi, Wang Rongquan, et al. Hydrodynamic performance study of a land-based OWC under the action of irregular wave[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2024, 46(1): 101−110. doi: 10.12284/hyxb2024005
[11]	Koo W. Nonlinear time–domain analysis of motion-restrained pneumatic floating breakwater[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2009, 36(9/10): 723−731. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2009.04.001
[12]	He Fang, Huang Zhenhua, Law A W K. An experimental study of a floating breakwater with asymmetric pneumatic chambers for wave energy extraction[J]. Applied Energy, 2013, 106: 222−231. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.01.013
[13]	纪巧玲, 陈国强. 两种型式的波能装置−浮式防波堤水动力性能比较研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2023, 45(6): 122−133. Ji Qiaoling, Chen Guoqiang. Comparison of hydrodynamic performance of two types of wave energy converter-floating breakwater[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2023, 45(6): 122−133.
[14]	Zhao Xuanlie, Zhang Lidong, Li Mingwei, et al. Experimental investigation on the hydrodynamic performance of a multi-chamber OWC-breakwater[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2021, 150: 111512. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111512
[15]	Cheng Yong, Fu Lei, Dai Saishuai, et al. Experimental and numerical investigation of WEC-type floating breakwaters: a single-pontoon oscillating buoy and a dual-pontoon oscillating water column[J]. Coastal Engineering, 2022, 177: 104188. doi: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2022.104188
[16]	Zheng Yanna, Li Jiafan, Mu Yingna, et al. Numerical study on wave dissipation performance of OWC-perforated floating breakwater under irregular waves[J]. Sustainability, 2023, 15(14): 11427. doi: 10.3390/su151411427
[17]	Wang Chen, Ma Teng, Zhang Yongliang. Semi-analytical study on an integrated-system with separated heaving OWC and breakwater: structure size optimization and gap resonance utilization[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2022, 245: 110319. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.110319
[18]	Harikrishnan T A, Manu, Rao S. Experimental investigation on L-Oscillating Water Column wave energy converter integrated with floating cylindrical breakwater[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2025, 315: 119806. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.119806
[19]	陈昌润. 含月池浮式防波堤与振荡水柱式波浪能转换装置集成系统的水动力性能分析[D]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2024. Chen Changrun. Analysis of hydrodynamic performance of integrated system of floating breakwater with moonpool and oscillating water column wave energy converter[D]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology, 2024.
[20]	Brevik I. Flume experiment on waves and currents II. Smooth bed[J]. Coastal Engineering, 1980-1981, 4: 89−110.
[21]	Shi Xueli, Li Shaowu, Liang Bingchen, et al. Numerical study on the impact of wave-current interaction on wave energy resource assessments in Zhoushan sea area, China[J]. Renewable Energy, 2023, 215: 119017. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.119017
[22]	林红星. 波流与潜体相互作用的非线性数值模拟[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2014 Lin Hongxing. Nonlinear numerical simulation of wave-current interaction with a submerged obstacle[D]. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 2014.
[23]	Hayatdavoodi M, Li Shuijin. Wave-current-floating body interactions: experiments and modelling[J]. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2026, 142: 104498. doi: 10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104498
[24]	Ning Dezhi, Wang Rongquan, Zou Qingping, et al. An experimental investigation of hydrodynamics of a fixed OWC Wave Energy Converter[J]. Applied Energy, 2016, 168: 636−648. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.01.107
[25]	邹志利. 水波理论及其应用[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2005. Zou Zhili. Water Wave Theories and Their Applications[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2005.
[26]	Baddour R E, Song S W. Interaction of higher-order water waves with uniform currents[J]. Ocean Engineering, 1990, 17(6): 551−568. doi: 10.1016/0029-8018(90)90023-Y
[27]	Dimakopoulos A S, Cooker M J, Bruce T. The influence of scale on the air flow and pressure in the modelling of Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converters[J]. International Journal of Marine Energy, 2017, 19: 272−291. doi: 10.1016/j.ijome.2017.08.004
[28]	Tanizawa K. Long time fully nonlinear simulation of floating body motions with artificial damping zone[J]. Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan, 1996, 1996(180): 311−319. doi: 10.2534/jjasnaoe1968.1996.180_311
[29]	Ning Dezhi, Shi Jin, Zou Qingping, et al. Investigation of hydrodynamic performance of an OWC (oscillating water column) wave energy device using a fully nonlinear HOBEM (higher-order boundary element method)[J]. Energy, 2015, 83: 177−188. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.02.012
[30]	Goda Y, Suzuki Y. Estimation of incident and reflected waves in random wave experiments[J]. Coastal Engineering, 1976, 1(15): 828−845. (查阅网上资料, 不确定卷期是否修改正确, 请确认)