The characteristics of the wave coherent stress and its parameterization under swell condition

Dai Xiaoming; Zou Zhongshui; Li Ziping

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Dai Xiaoming，Zou Zhongshui，Li Ziping. The characteristics of the wave coherent stress and its parameterization under swell condition[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2025, 47(x)：1–13

Citation:

Dai Xiaoming，Zou Zhongshui，Li Ziping. The characteristics of the wave coherent stress and its parameterization under swell condition[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2025, 47(x)：1–13

Citation:

Dai Xiaoming，Zou Zhongshui，Li Ziping. The characteristics of the wave coherent stress and its parameterization under swell condition[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2025, 47(x)：1–13

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The characteristics of the wave coherent stress and its parameterization under swell condition

1.
School of Marine Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai China
2.
Maoming Meteorological Bureau of Guangdong Province, Maoming China

Received Date: 2025-02-24
Rev Recd Date: 2025-05-09

Available Online: 2025-06-03

Abstract

Abstract

Accurate parameterization of the momentum flux plays a decisive role in ocean and atmospheric hazards and climate change. However, the Wave Coherent (WC) stress, as one of the uncertainties factors, modulates the momentum flux severely. In this paper, the WC stress is extracted from the observation obtained from the South China Sea in 2012. The observation shows that the contribution of WC stress to total wind stress relies on the angle difference between wind and wave direction: it approaches zero when the angle difference is 90° and accounts for 20～25% when the angle is ～180°. To describe the WC stress, the scheme of Janssen (J91) and Zou et al. (2024) (Z24) is compared. The result shows that J91 can underestimate the WC stress by about 1～2 orders of magnitude, while Z24 behaves better. The WC stress given by J91 decreases with height, leading to a non-effect on wind profile; while WC stress given by Z24 first increases then decreases, with the height of its maximum being influenced by atmospheric stability, which leads to higher wind speeds near (or away from) the sea surface under stable (or unstable) conditions compared to the J91 scheme when swell exerted upward momentum flux. A new method to parameterize the momentum flux is also given by including the WC stress in this paper; the result shows that it has a high correlation coefficient in the wind speed range of 3–7 m/s and a smaller overall sample bias than the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) 3.5.
- swell wave,
- Wave Coherent (WC) stress,
- momentum flux,
- shear instability

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References(52)

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