Selection pressure comparison and evolutionary relationships exploration of pinnipeds mitochondrial genes

Shen Xin; Tian Mei; Meng Xueping; Cheng Hanliang; Yan Binlun

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Shen Xin, Tian Mei, Meng Xueping, Cheng Hanliang, Yan Binlun. Selection pressure comparison and evolutionary relationships exploration of pinnipeds mitochondrial genes[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2014, 36(6): 87-93.

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Selection pressure comparison and evolutionary relationships exploration of pinnipeds mitochondrial genes

1.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China;Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China

Received Date: 2013-07-01

Abstract

Abstract

Current pinnipeds is one important group of marine mammals,which including all species in three families (Odobenidae,Otariidae and Phocidae). In the genus Phoca,the Ka/Ks rate of atp8 gene is highest and only 0.084 7 (much less than 1),so all Phoca mitochondrial protein-coding genes bear very high selection pressure. In Pusa,Ka/Ks rates of three genes (cox1,cox2 and nad3) are equal to 0,indicating that replacement of all nucleotides in these three genes are synonymous substitutions and none amino acid change. Analyses of genetic variations within family and genus indicted that nad5,nad4,and nad2 genes can be used as molecular markers assisted to cox1 and cob gene. Phylogenetic results based on mitochondrial genomes strongly support that all 12 families from Carnivora are monophyletic group,and pinnipeds (Otariidae,Odobenidae and Phocidae) are one monophyletic group within Carnivora (BPM=100,BPP=100). Within the pinnipeds,the relationship between Otariidae and Odobenidae is close (Otarioidea),then cluster with Phocidae: (Otariidae+Odobenidae)+Phocidae. Evidences of mitochondrial genomes support that Phocidae are divided into two subfamilies (Monachinae and Phocinae). Mitochondrial genomic evidence strongly supports close relationship between Mustelidae and Procyonidae. Meanwhile,Mephitidae clustering with Ailuridae is supported powerfully. Pinnipeds as a sister group to,then cluster with the family Ursidae. Canidae is differentiation earliest and is located in base position of the suborder Caniformia.
- Otariidae,
- Phocidae,
- Odobenidae,
- Pinnipeds,
- phylogeny,
- mitochondrial genome

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