Spatial distribution and temporal variation of sea surface temperature in the joining area of Asia and Indian-Pacific Ocean and its impacts on precipitation in China

The monthly Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data and the Precipitation Reconstruction data set during the period from 1967 to 2009 are used to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution of sea surface temperature in the Joining Area of Asia and Indian-Pacific Ocean (AIPO) and its impacts on precipitation in China, through methods of the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) and correlation analysis. The results show that the first eigenvector (EOF1) has uniform mode and the first time coefficient behaves as significant interdecadal change. On the interdecadal time-scale, As the SST rises in the AIPO region, the SST in the North Pacific begins decrease, and reaches the lowest 11 months later. Additionally, the SST rises in the AIPO region would make the precipitation in the South China Sea (SCS) monsoon region and East Asia monsoon region increase, but reduce in the west of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The second eigenvector (EOF2) is featured with out-phase in the western Pacific and Eastern Indian Ocean (including SCS) and the second time coefficient displays evidently biennial and 4~5 years interannual oscillation. When the Niño 3.4 SST appears positive anomaly, there is positive SST anomaly in the Eastern Indian Ocean and negative anomaly in the western Pacific 4-month later. The warm SST in the western Pacific and the cold in the Eastern Indian Ocean would suppress the precipitation in the western North Pacific and enhance the precipitation in the Northeast and North China increase. Moreover, the effect of the AIPO SST on the precipitation in the north of China has at least 3 months leading relative to that on the western North Pacific precipitation.