Study on the Impact of Salt Marsh Vegetation Patches on Tidal Flat Erosion and Accretion Under the Influence of Typhoon "Yanhua"

Han Shuo; Dong Dazheng; Shi Benwei; Zhang Xinmiao; Xue Liming; Li Xiuzhen; Liu Youcai

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Han Shuo，Dong Dazheng，Shi Benwei, et al. Study on the Impact of Salt Marsh Vegetation Patches on Tidal Flat Erosion and Accretion Under the Influence of Typhoon 'Yanhua'[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2025, 47(x)：1–12

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Han Shuo，Dong Dazheng，Shi Benwei, et al. Study on the Impact of Salt Marsh Vegetation Patches on Tidal Flat Erosion and Accretion Under the Influence of Typhoon "Yanhua"[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2025, 47(x)：1–12

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Study on the Impact of Salt Marsh Vegetation Patches on Tidal Flat Erosion and Accretion Under the Influence of Typhoon "Yanhua"

1.
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
2.
Shanghai Wild Animal and Plant Conservation Research Center, Shanghai 202100, China
3.
Ministry of Education/Shanghai Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for the Yangtze River Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem, Shanghai 202162, China
4.
Nanjing University Environmental Planning and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Nanjing 210093, China
5.
Hebei Provincial Hydrological Engineering Geological Survey Institute (Hebei Provincial Remote Sensing Center), Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China

Received Date: 2024-10-23
Rev Recd Date: 2025-01-24

Available Online: 2025-04-16

Abstract

Abstract

Typhoons, as one of the common natural disasters in coastal zones, have severe impacts on tidal flats. However, there is a significant lack of field data on typhoons, and studies on how salt marsh vegetation protects tidal flats during typhoon events are still very limited.. This study selected Chongming Dongtan in the Yangtze River Estuary as the research site. During the passage of Typhoon "In-Fa" in July 2021, hydrodynamic instruments and UAV photogrammetry (elevation measurements) were used to monitor hydrodynamics and sediment in both salt marsh and the marsh front areas, as well as to monitor the salt marsh ecosystem before and after the typhoon. The findings are as follows: (1) During the typhoon, wind speed, water depth, and wave height were 1.1 to 2.8 times those before and after the typhoon, and the hydrodynamic forces in the marsh front area were higher than those in the salt marsh area, with water depth, wave height, and flow velocity being 1.3 times, 1.2 times, and 1.9 times those of the salt marsh area, respectively; (2) Under the influence of Typhoon "In-Fa," vegetation patches at the marsh front, directly exposed to strong winds and waves, experienced hydrodynamic forces such as water depth and wave height that were 1.1 to 1.9 times those of the salt marsh area, resulting in erosion at the marsh front being 1.2 to 1.8 times that of the inland vegetation patches under the same vegetation coverage conditions; (3) In the marsh-front area, densely vegetated patches demonstrated stronger sediment accretion capacity compared to sparsely vegetated patches, with the maximum accretion thickness in densely vegetated areas reaching 45 cm, whereas sparse patches were mainly subject to erosion, with a maximum erosion depth of 17 cm. This indicates that the density of vegetation patches directly affects the sedimentation and erosion dynamics of the tidal flat. This study reveals that the arrangement and location of vegetation patches are crucial to the sedimentation and erosion of tidal flats under extreme weather events, which has significant implications for tidal flat management and ecological protection. It also provides theoretical support for establishing a robust natural barrier in response to extreme weather conditions.
- typhoon,
- vegetation patches,
- tidal flat sedimentation and erosion,
- Chongming Dongtan

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References

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