The second-type El Ni&#241;o events in the tropical Pacific and its impact on the climate of China

Chen Yongli; Zhao Yongping; Wang Fan; Guan Cong

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2014.05.004

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Chen Yongli, Zhao Yongping, Wang Fan, Guan Cong. The second-type El Niño events in the tropical Pacific and its impact on the climate of China[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2014, 36(5): 30-45. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2014.05.004

Citation:

Chen Yongli, Zhao Yongping, Wang Fan, Guan Cong. The second-type El Niño events in the tropical Pacific and its impact on the climate of China[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2014, 36(5): 30-45. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2014.05.004

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The second-type El Niño events in the tropical Pacific and its impact on the climate of China

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2014.05.004

1.
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave Studies, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
2.
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave Studies, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received Date: 2013-05-04
Rev Recd Date: 2013-11-11

Abstract

Abstract

Based on subsurface sea temperature datasets in the tropical Pacific,we analyze the spatial patterns and formation mechanism of the second-type El Niño events,and discuss its relationship with the classic El Niño event,El Niño Modoki,WP-and CT-type El Niño events. Also revealed is the impact of the second-type El Niño events to the precipitation variations in China. Results are summarized as follows.（1) The second-type El Niño event is the third EOF mode of subsurface temperature anomalies（SOTA) in the tropical Pacific,which explains 4.7% of the total variance. At the warm phase of this mode,sea surface temperature anomalies（SSTA) is composed of an anomalous warming in the central tropical Pacific flanked by an SST to the east that is a cold tongue strengthening westward along the equator in the eastern Pacific. This mode has a interannual period of 3—4 year and 11 and 30—40 years long terms periods,with most mode peaks occurring in spring. The second-type El Niño events result from the combined effects of the anomalous sea surface wind stress in tropical Pacific and the wind stress curl on both sides of the equator,accompanied with anomalous Walker-circulation which are characterized by reversing vertical motions between the eastern Indian/western Pacific and the eastern Pacific/South America near the equator.（2) El Niño Modoki is shown to be closely associated the second-type El Niño event. It results from the air-sea interaction and catches primarily message of the second-type El Niño events.(3) The second-type El Niño events also influence the precipitation in China during spring and early summer. At its warm phase,an anomalous anti-cyclone develops over the East China Sea. Its southern flank results in anomalous northeast winds and reduced precipitation in the southern China. Its western flank transports more than normal vapor to the northern China,which confluences with the north winds,leading to more precipitation in this region. The opposite is valid at its cold phase. Moreover,we show that WP-and CT-type El Niño events are not independent El Niño types,but barely combinations of the classical El Niño and El Niño Modoki. Also addressed in this study are the physical processes of the influence of El Niño events on atmospheric circulation in summertime.
- tropical Pacific,
- the second-type El Niñ,
- o events,
- formation mechanism,
- El Niñ,
- o Modoki,
- climate of China

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