Effects of acute salinity stress on the gut bacterial community structure and functional potentials of <i>Sinonvacula constricta</i>

Zhang Zijuan; Dai Wenfang; Xue Qinggang; Lin Zhihua

doi:10.12284/hyxb2023146

Volume 45 Issue 11

Nov. 2023

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Zhang Zijuan，Dai Wenfang，Xue Qinggang, et al. Effects of acute salinity stress on the gut bacterial community structure and functional potentials of Sinonvacula constricta[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2023, 45(11)：131–141 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023146

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Zhang Zijuan，Dai Wenfang，Xue Qinggang, et al. Effects of acute salinity stress on the gut bacterial community structure and functional potentials of Sinonvacula constricta[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2023, 45(11)：131–141 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023146

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Effects of acute salinity stress on the gut bacterial community structure and functional potentials of Sinonvacula constricta

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023146

Zhang Zijuan^1
,,
Dai Wenfang^{1, 2
,
,},
Xue Qinggang^{1, 2},
Lin Zhihua^{1, 2}

1.
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
2.
Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai 315604, China

Received Date: 2023-04-06
Rev Recd Date: 2023-07-10

Available Online: 2023-10-31

Publish Date: 2023-11-30

Abstract

Abstract

Salinity is a crucial factor affecting the gut microbial homeostasis of aquatic animals, which has a significant impact on their growth and health. Sinonovacula constricta, a buried cultivated bivalve in mudflat, is frequently affected by salinity fluctuation. However, it remains unclear whether salinity has undesirable effects on the gut tissue and microbial community of S. constricta. To address these concerns, this study set up three different salinity stress groups: low salinity (5), normal salinity (20) and high salinity (35), with normal salinity 20 at 0 day as the control. Samples of S. constricta were collected before stress (i.e., normal salinity 20, 0 day) and after stress for 15 days, and were analyzed the differences in gut tissue structure, gut microbial compositions and potential functions via using the histopathology, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology and PICRUSt2. Simultaneously, the guts from S. constricta under normal salinity at 0 day were taken for comparative analysis. The results showed that the acute salinity stress for 15 days caused varying degrees of damage to the gut tissue structure of S. constricta, as observed by the cell vacuolation, tissue necrosis and villi clutter. A total of 712 bacterial OTUs were identified across all groups, among which the number of shared OTUs accounted for 6.2% of total OTUs. The dominant bacteria in the gut of S. constricta under low- and high- salinity stress belonged to γ-Proteobacteria and α-Proteobacteria, respectively. Acute salinity stress altered the α-diversity of gut bacterial community, with the lowest species richness under low salinity stress. The gut bacterial community structure of S. constricta changed significantly (p < 0.002) under both low- and high- salinity stress, accompanied by a decrease in the interspecific interactions of gut bacterial community. The ecological processes governing gut bacterial assembly of S. constricta was mainly deterministic under three salinity stresses, and this process decreased under the low salinity stress. Functional prediction results showed that acute salinity stress significantly varied the abundance of S. constricta gut bacterial-mediated nutrient and energy metabolism-related functional pathways, whereas the abundance of immune-related functional pathways significantly increased under high salinity stress. These findings suggest that acute salinity stress can cause pathological damage to the gut of S. constricta, accompanied by obvious change in gut bacterial communities and functional potentials, which could affect the health of S. constricta.
- Sinonvacula constricta,
- acute salinity stress,
- gut bacterial community,
- functional prediction,
- tissue damage

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References(43)

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