The morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies of a new record <i>Gymnothorax</i> species in the coastal waters of China: <i>Gymnothorax mucifer</i>

Zhang Guoqing; Yang Jieluan; Li Peiyuan; Liang Xinyi; Liang Rishen; Lin Li; Li Qingqing

doi:10.12284/hyxb2022124

Volume 44 Issue 7

Jul. 2022

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Zhang Guoqing，Yang Jieluan，Li Peiyuan, et al. The morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies of a new record Gymnothorax species in the coastal waters of China: Gymnothorax mucifer[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2022, 44(7)：112–121 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022124

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Zhang Guoqing，Yang Jieluan，Li Peiyuan, et al. The morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies of a new record Gymnothorax species in the coastal waters of China: Gymnothorax mucifer[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2022, 44(7)：112–121 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022124

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The morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies of a new record Gymnothorax species in the coastal waters of China: Gymnothorax mucifer

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022124

Zhang Guoqing^{1, 2, 3
,},
Yang Jieluan¹,
Li Peiyuan¹,
Liang Xinyi¹,
Liang Rishen^{1, 2, 3
,
,},
Lin Li^{1, 2, 3
,
,},
Li Qingqing^{1, 2, 3}

1.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
2.
Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510225, China
3.
Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China

Received Date: 2021-10-10
Rev Recd Date: 2022-02-16

Available Online: 2022-07-01

Publish Date: 2022-07-01

Abstract

Abstract

In this study, four samples of Gymnothorax mucifer were collected from the fishery market of Xiamen City, Fujian Province during the year 2020 to 2021, which were newly recorded in the coastal waters of China. Previously, the species had only been recorded in Australia and Hawaii, and was considered to be a synonym of Gymnothorax kidako. Detailed morphological characteristics of four G. mucifer species were analyzed, and the molecular identifications as well as phylogenetic constructions were also carried out basing on DNA barcode COI gene in this study. The main distinguishing characteristics of G. mucifer were as follow: the colour of the body was yellowish brown, the front of the head was slightly purple, the whole body was covered with slender, sparse, irregular branch-liked brown marking and the markings became darker and thicker near the tail, forming clear net-liked patterns; the margin on the anal fin was white, and became serial pale blotches on posterior part of the tail; total length was 1.01 times of standard length and 8.00−8.39 times of head length; the maxillary teeth were 8−10 and dentary teeth were 14−20 on each side, both teeth were uniserial; the median inter maxillary teeth were slender and uniserial; the total vertebrae were 117−139 and mean vertebral formula was 6-47-130. Basing on the COI gene analysis, the genetic distance between G. mucifer and G. kidako was 0.074, which was greater than the value 2% (0.020) suggested by Herbert as minimum genetic distance value to distinguishing different species, revealing that the two species might be two independent species. Morphologically, G. mucifer could also be distinguished from G. kidako by certain external characteristic: the body markings of G. mucifer were slender, sparse and inconspicuous, the front of the head was slightly purple, and the white margin of the anal fin broke into series of pale blotches on posterior part of the tail; the markings of G. kidako were obvious and thick with darker colour, the front of the head was yellow-white, the white margin on the anal fin continuous to the tip of the tail. The results of the study provided a taxonomic basis for the systematic classification and the species list revision of the Gymnothorax fish in our country.
- Gymnothorax mucifer,
- new record species,
- morphological characters,
- DNA barcoding

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References(39)

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