夏季琼州海峡表层海水二氧化碳分压时空变化

马玉; 廖世智; 李锐祥; 蔡钰灿; 曹永港; 许春玲; 史华明; 王迪; 许欣

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.12.012

夏季琼州海峡表层海水二氧化碳分压时空变化

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.12.012

马玉^{1, 2,},
廖世智^{1, 2},
李锐祥^{1, 2},
蔡钰灿^{1, 2},
曹永港^{1, 2},
许春玲^{1, 2},
史华明^{1, 2},
王迪^{1, 2},
许欣^{1, 2}

1.
国家海洋局南海调查技术中心，广东广州 510300
2.
自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室，广东广州 510300

基金项目: 海洋观测预报与防灾减灾（2200128）。

详细信息

作者简介:
马玉(1982-)，男，安徽省亳州市人，博士，高级工程师，从事海洋生物地球化学研究。E-mail：362005949@qq.com

中图分类号: P734.2⁺2
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- 文章访问数: 256
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-03-17
- 修回日期: 2020-07-24
- 网络出版日期: 2021-01-06
- 刊出日期: 2020-12-25

Spatiotemporal variations of partial pressure of carbon dioxide in surface sea water in the Qiongzhou Strait in summer

Ma Yu^{1, 2
,},
Liao Shizhi^{1, 2},
Li Ruixiang^{1, 2},
Cai Yucan^{1, 2},
Cao Yonggang^{1, 2},
Xu Chunling^{1, 2},
Shi Huaming^{1, 2},
Wang Di^{1, 2},
Xu Xin^{1, 2}

1.
South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou 510300, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510300, China

摘要

摘要: 采用船载海−气CO₂连续观测系统于2011年和2014年夏季在琼州海峡开展了现场观测，分析研究了表层海水二氧化碳分压(pCO₂)时空变化及其影响因子。2011年和2014年夏季pCO₂分别为(516±29) μatm和(533±15) μatm，海−气CO₂交换通量分别为(8.4±1.7) mmol/(m²·d)和(4.5±0.4) mmol/(m²·d)，均是大气CO₂的强源，高于相邻及相似海域，主要受控于东口海域上升流和海峡中部狭管效应。2011年夏季东口上升流增大pCO₂的同时也促进了浮游植物繁殖，光合作用吸收水体CO₂，降低了pCO₂，而且受其影响，西口口门附近叶绿素a和溶解氧含量陡增，pCO₂突降。2014年夏季东口海域上升流较弱，且观测海域垂直混合作用显著，pCO₂和溶解氧分布特征与2001年夏季明显不同。海峡中部狭管效应造成水体输运速率大、混合作用强，浮游植物“来不及”生长，pCO₂较高。
- 琼州海峡 /
- 二氧化碳分压 /
- 上升流 /
- 狭管效应
Abstract: The sea surface temperature(SST), salinity(SSS), dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll a(Chl a) and surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide(pCO₂) was determined by underway measurement system in the Qiongzhou Strait in summer 2011 and 2014, and the spatiotemporal variations of pCO₂ were analyzed and its control factors were explained. The averages of pCO₂in surface sea water were (516±29) μatm and (533±15) μatm, sea-air CO₂ fluxes were (8.4±1.7) mmol/(m²·d) and (4.5±0.4) mmol/(m²·d) in summer 2011 and 2014, the Qiongzhou Strait acted as strong atmospheric CO₂ source and was more higher than the adjacent and similar sea areas. The upwelling forced the CO₂-enriched subsurface water to intrude the surface water and elevated pCO₂in the east mouth, also promoted biological productivity and absorbed CO₂from sea water, and also made the pCO₂drop and DO rise sharply in the vicinity of west mouth in summer 2011. The upwelling was weak in east mouth and vertical mixing was strong along ship-track in summer 2014, the distributions of pCO₂and DO were obviously different from that in summer 2011. Narrow channel effect was significant in the middle of Qiongzhou Strait, high water transportation speed with strong mixing resulted in weak photosynthetic activity, they altogether maintained high pCO₂ in summer 2011 and 2014.
- the Qiongzhou Strait /
- partial pressure of carbon dioxide /
- upwelling /
- narrow channel effect

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图 1 琼州海峡位置与观测航迹

Fig. 1 Location of Qiongzhou Strait and ship-track for the continuous measurements

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图 2 pCO₂、NpCO₂、SST、SSS、DO含量和叶绿素a含量的经向分布(a−f. 2011年夏季，g−l. 2014年夏季)

Fig. 2 Longitudinal variations in pCO₂, NpCO₂, SST, SSS, DO content and chlorophyll a content in surface sea water (a−f was in summer 2011 and g−l was in summer 2014)

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图 3 2011年夏季东口海域观测要素关系

Fig. 3 Diagram of correlation between observation factors in the east mouth in summer 2011

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图 4 2014年夏季东口海域观测要素关系

Fig. 4 Diagram of correlation between observation factors in the east mouth in summer 2014

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图 5 2011年夏季海峡中部观测要素关系

Fig. 5 Diagram of correlation between observation factors in the middle of Qiongzhou Strait in summer 2011

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图 6 2014年夏季海峡中部观测要素关系

Fig. 6 Diagram of correlation between observation factors in the middle of Qiongzhou Strait in summer 2014

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表 1 2011年和2014年夏季pCO₂、NpCO₂、pCO_2a、ΔpCO₂、SST、SSS、DO含量、叶绿素a含量、平均风速和海−气CO₂交换通量的统计结果

Tab. 1 Summary of pCO₂, NpCO₂, pCO_2a, SST, SSS, DO content, chlorophyll a content, average wind speed and sea-air CO₂ flux estimation in summer 2011 and 2014

观测时间	观测海域	pCO₂ /μatm	NpCO₂ /μatm	pCO_2a /μatm	ΔpCO₂ /μatm	SST/℃	SSS	DO含量 /μmol·L⁻¹	叶绿素a 含量/μg·L⁻¹	平均风速 /m·s⁻¹	海−气CO₂交换通量 /mmol·（m²·d）^-1
2011年夏季	琼州海峡	436～549	411～575	378±4	138	27.36～31.42	32.22～33.58	194.8～252.0	0.5～4.6	5.3±1.9	8.4±1.7
	琼州海峡	516±29	517±40		138	29.46±1.26	32.72±0.48	207.8±10.4	1.1±0.8		8.4±1.7
	东口	436～527	458～575		113	27.36～28.43	33.27～33.58	195.0～235.6	0.7～3.4		6.7±1.8
	东口	491±30	527±37		113	27.80±0.27	33.44±0.11	209.0±12.0	1.9±0.9		6.7±1.8
	海峡中部	528～549	529～575		164	27.44～30.19	32.30～33.32	194.8～205.4	0.5～1.2		9.9±0.4
	海峡中部	542±5	547±12		164	29.26±0.71	32.69±0.28	200.6±2.6	0.6±0.1		9.9±0.4
	西口	441～522	411～496		123	30.57～31.42	32.22～33.29	209.0～252.0	0.6～4.6		7.5±1.0
	西口	501±16	472±18		123	30.89±0.17	32.26±0.02	216.4±8.6	1.3±0.8		7.5±1.0
2014年夏季	琼州海峡	502～557	489～589	380±6	153	28.85～31.44	32.11～32.87	184.9～202.9	0.6～1.7	3.7±1.6	4.5±0.4
	琼州海峡	533±15	534±29		153	30.56±0.69	32.36±0.21	194.4±4.4	1.0±0.2		4.5±0.4
	东口	539～557	569～589		169	28.85～29.98	32.51～32.87	184.9～192.4	1.0～1.7		5.0±0.2
	东口	549±6	578±6		169	29.31±0.26	32.76±0.09	198.3±2.4	1.2±0.2		5.0±0.2
	海峡中部	526～551	515～561		161	30.12～31.04	32.22～32.47	190.9～195.0	0.6～1.2		4.8±0.2
	海峡中部	541±7	542±13		161	30.52±0.26	32.35±0.07	192.2±1.0	0.9±0.2		4.8±0.2
	西口	502～525	489～510		137	30.05～31.44	32.11～32.25	196.2～202.9	0.6～1.7		4.1±0.2
	西口	517±6	503±6		137	31.17±0.07	32.19±0.04	199.4±1.8	1.0±0.3		4.1±0.2

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