海水酸化和碱化对斑点海链藻光合生理特性的影响

范佳乐; 李富田; 徐军田

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.12.007

海水酸化和碱化对斑点海链藻光合生理特性的影响

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.12.007

范佳乐^1,,
李富田¹,
徐军田^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
江苏海洋大学江苏省海洋生物资源与环境重点实验室，江苏连云港 222005
2.
江苏海洋大学江苏省海洋生物技术产业协同创新中心，江苏连云港 222005
3.
江苏海洋大学江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室，江苏连云港 222005

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（41476097）；江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目（JY-086）；江苏省“青蓝工程”人才项目；江苏省海洋科学与技术优势学科项目。

详细信息

作者简介:
范佳乐（1995-），男，江苏省启东市人，主要从事海洋硅藻生理生态学研究。E-mail：fanjiale95@163.com

通讯作者:
徐军田，教授，主要从事海洋藻类生理生态学研究。E-mail：jtxu@jou.edu.cn

中图分类号: P741⁺.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-07-14
- 修回日期: 2019-12-15
- 网络出版日期: 2020-12-24
- 刊出日期: 2020-12-25

Effect of seawater acidification and alkalization on photosynthetic physiology of Thalassiosira punctigera

Fan Jiale^1
,,
Li Futian¹,
Xu Juntian^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
2.
Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
3.
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China

摘要

摘要: 大气CO₂浓度升高引起的海洋酸化可能对浮游植物造成不同程度的影响。而近海浮游植物不仅面临着海水酸化问题，还会受到海水溶解性CO₂降低及pH升高(海水碱化)的影响。本实验以斑点海链藻(Thalassiosira punctigera)为研究对象，测定7个不同pCO₂水平(25 μatm、50 μatm、100 μatm、200 μatm、400 μatm、800 μatm、1 600 μatm)下的生长、光合作用和呼吸作用速率、细胞粒径、叶绿素a和生物硅含量以及叶绿素荧光等参数。结果表明，与400 μatm相比，在海水酸化(pCO₂ > 400 μatm)和海水碱化(pCO₂ < 400 μatm) 条件下，斑点海链藻的生长速率和叶绿素a含量都显著降低，但是碱化条件下降低的程度更大。此外，碱化处理的藻细胞光合作用速率、最大量子产量(Fv/Fm)和最大相对电子传递速率(rETR_max)都显著低于400 μatm培养下的细胞，而呼吸作用速率显著升高，但是生物硅含量和细胞大小无明显变化。研究表明海水碱化和海水酸化均会抑制其生理活动，而且海水碱化对其影响更显著。这表明正常pCO₂生长下的藻细胞具有最适的生理状态。本研究可为探究海水碳酸盐系统变化对海洋初级生产力的影响提供一定的数据支持。
- 海水酸化 /
- 海水碱化 /
- 光合生理 /
- 斑点海链藻
Abstract: Increasing atmospheric CO₂ concentration leads to ocean acidification, which might affect phytoplankton to varying degrees. Phytoplankton in coastal waters may be affected by seawater acidification and alkalization. In this experiment, Thalassoosira punctigera (diatom) was used to investigate its growth, photosynthesis, dark respiration, cell size, chlorophyll a content, biogenic silica content and chlorophyll fluorescence at seven pCO₂ levels (25 μatm, 50 μatm, 100 μatm, 200 μatm, 400 μatm, 800 μatm, 1 600 μatm). The results showed that, compared with 400 μatm, the growth rate and chlorophyll a content in seawater acidification (pCO₂ > 400 μatm) and alkalization (pCO₂ < 400 μatm) treatments were significantly reduced, but the degree of decrease was greater under the condition of alkalization. In addition, cells showed lower photosynthesis rates and maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and relative maximum electron transport rate (rETRmax) under alkalization conditions. However, there was no significant changes in biogenic silica content and cell size among different pCO₂ levels. We found both seawater alkalization and acidification could inhibit the physiological activities of T. punctigera, and seawater alkalization had much more inhibited effects. Our results showed that the cell grown at current pCO₂ level (400 μatm) had the optical physiological performance. Moreover, among the pCO₂ levels set in this study, seawater alkalization has a more significant effect on T. punctigera. The present study provides a theoretical basis for studying the effects of changing seawater carbonate chemistry on the marine primary productivity in coastal waters.
- seawater acidification /
- seawater alkalization /
- photosynthetic physiology /
- Thalassiosira punctigera

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图 1 斑点海链藻在不同pCO₂水平下的生长速率

不同字母代表不同处理之间存在显著差异（p < 0.05），*表示当前大气pCO₂水平，#表示IPCC 2007中SRES B2情景预测的2100年大气pCO₂水平

Fig. 1 Specific growth rates of T. punctigera at different pCO₂ levels

The different letters indicate significant differences among treatments (p < 0.05), * indicates the current atmospheric pCO₂ level, # indicates the atmospheric pCO₂ level for 2100 predicted by the SRES B2 scenario in IPCC 2007

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图 2 斑点海链藻在不同pCO₂水平的叶绿素a含量

不同字母代表不同处理之间存在显著差异（p<0.05），*表示当前大气pCO₂水平，#表示IPCC 2007中SRES B2情景预测的2100年大气pCO₂水平

Fig. 2 Chlorophyll a content of T. punctigera at different pCO₂ levels

The different letters indicate significant differences among treatments (p<0.05), * indicates the current atmospheric pCO₂ level, # indicates the atmospheric pCO₂ level for 2100 predicted by the SRES B2 scenario in IPCC 2007

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图 3 在不同pCO₂水平下生长的斑点海链藻的最大光量子产量（A）、最大电子传递速率（B）、表观电子传递速率（C）和饱和光强（D）相对400 μatm处理的百分比变化

不同字母代表不同处理之间存在显著差异（ p < 0.05），*表示当前大气pCO₂水平，#表示IPCC 2007中SRES B2情景预测的2100年大气pCO₂水平

Fig. 3 Percentage changes of maximum photochemical quantum yields (A), relative maximum electron transport rate (B), apparent photon transfer efficiency (C), and light saturation point (D) (%) of T. punctigera cells grown at different pCO₂ levels relative to 400 μatm treatment

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图 4 斑点海链藻在不同pCO₂水平的净光合作用速率（A）和呼吸作用速率（B）

不同字母代表不同处理之间存在显著差异（p < 0.05），*表示当前大气pCO₂水平，#表示IPCC 2007中SRES B2情景预测的2100年大气pCO₂水平

Fig. 4 Net oxygen evolution (A) and dark respiration rates (B) of T. punctigera cells at different pCO₂ levels

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表 1 不同pCO₂水平的海水的碳酸盐系统参数

Tab. 1 Carbonate chemistry parameters of different pCO₂ levels

处理组/μatm	pH_NBS	总碱度/μmol·kg⁻¹	溶解性无机碳浓度/μmol·kg⁻¹	$ {{\rm{HCO}}_3^- } $浓度/μmol·kg⁻¹	CO₂浓度/μmol·kg⁻¹
25	9.01 ± 0.01^a	2 325 ± 39^a	1 395 ± 23^a	827 ± 9^a	0.8 ± 0.0^a
50	8.84 ± 0.01^b	2 314 ± 90^a	1 530 ± 67^b	1 047 ± 45^b	1.6 ± 0.1^b
100	8.65 ± 0.01^c	2 332 ± 102^a	1 697 ± 89^c	1 304 ± 71^c	3.0 ± 0.2^c
200	8.43 ± 0.01^d	2 365 ± 50^a	1 887 ± 42^d	1 588 ± 35^d	6.1 ± 0.1^d
400^*	8.16 ± 0.01^e	2 310 ± 71^a	2 010 ± 69^e	1 815 ± 63^e	12.9 ± 0.5^e
800^#	7.92 ± 0.01^f	2 419 ± 93^a	2 228 ± 89^f	2 081 ± 83^f	25.7 ± 1.2^f
1 600	7.63 ± 0.01^g	2 422 ± 44^a	2 342 ± 40^g	2 222 ± 38^g	53.5 ± 0.7^g
注：数据用平均值±标准偏差表示，不同上标的字母表示不同pCO₂水平之间存在显著差异（p < 0.05），*表示当前大气pCO₂水平，#表示IPCC 2007中SRES B2情景预测的2100年大气pCO₂水平。

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表 2 不同pCO₂水平的斑点海链藻的细胞体积、表面积、表面积与体积的比值和单位表面积的生物硅含量

Tab. 2 Cell volume, surface area, surface area-to-cell volume ratio, and BSi content per surface area of T. punctigera cells grown at different pCO₂ levels

处理组/μatm	细胞体积/μm³	表面积/μm²	表面积与体积的比值	单位表面积的生物硅含量/fmol·μm⁻²
25	31 630 ± 3 500^a	6 136 ± 135^a	0.19 ± 0.02^a	81.65 ± 15.58^a
50	36 869 ± 8 790^a	6 979 ± 1 219^a	0.19 ± 0.01^a	68.32 ± 5.57^a
100	35 534 ± 7 141^a	6 818 ± 532^a	0.19 ± 0.02^a	69.00 ± 16.77^a
200	35 653 ± 3 087^a	6 649 ± 250^a	0.19 ± 0.01^a	64.35 ± 19.33^a
400^*	33 780 ± 3 975^a	6 304 ± 407^a	0.19 ± 0.01^a	54.24 ± 11.39^a
800^#	35 377 ± 1 682^a	6 489 ± 136^a	0.18 ± 0.01^a	60.29 ± 9.92^a
1 600	37 543 ± 773^a	6 712 ± 121^a	0.18 ± 0.00^a	53.88 ± 5.74^a
注：数据用平均值±标准偏差表示，不同上标的字母表示不同pCO₂水平之间存在显著差异（p < 0.05），*表示当前大气pCO₂水平，#表示IPCC 2007中SRES B2情景预测的2100年大气pCO₂水平。

下载: 导出CSV

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