Statistical characteristics of seabed sound velocity in the Jinzhou Bay based on high resolution sub-bottom profile data
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摘要: 声波在海底沉积物中的传播速度是一个重要参数，弄清海底沉积物中声速的变化规律具有极其重要的意义。以渤海金州湾海域为例，在进行畸变校正的基础上，基于高分辨率浅地层剖面与钻孔数据的对比分析，实现了全新世沉积层和基岩界面以上沉积层声速的准确反演，并采用统计学方法分析讨论了研究区内的声速特征和变化规律，结果表明，全新世沉积层平均声速的95%置信区间为1 449.60～1 655.72 m/s，平均值为1 560.34 m/s；基岩界面以上沉积层平均声速的95%置信区间为1 657.96～1 970.80 m/s，平均值为1 765.63 m/s；研究区内海底地层的声速与埋藏深度之间呈现明显的正线性相关关系，声速梯度为4.18 s−1。Abstract: The sound velocity of marine sedimentary sequence is an important parameter. Finding out the changing rule of the seabed sound velocity is of extremely important significance. On the basis of distortion correction, by comparatively analyzing of high resolution sub-bottom profile data and borehole data, the accurate inversions of sound velocity in Holocene and above-bedrock sedimentary sequence are achieved in the Jinzhou Bay, Bohai Sea, China. Then, the characteristics and changing rules of seabed sound velocity in the study area are analyzed and discussed by statistical method. The 95% confidence interval of sound velocity of Holocene sequence is 1 449.60 m/s to 1 655.72 m/s, and the average is 1 560.34 m/s. The 95% confidence interval of sound velocity of above-bedrock sequence is 1 657.96 m/s to 1 970.80 m/s, and the average is 1 765.63 m/s. There is a significant positive linear correlation between the sound velocity of the sedimentary sequence and the burial depth in the study area, and the gradient of sound velocity is 4.18 s−1.
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图 8 地层声速与深度的拟合关系
Fig. 8 Fitting relation between sound velocity and depth of sediments
图 9 含水率随深度的变化关系（a）及声速与含水率的关系（b）
Fig. 9 Water content versus depth (a) and sound velocity versus water content (b)
图 10 孔隙比随深度的变化关系（a）及声速与孔隙比的关系（b）
Fig. 10 Void ratio versus depth (a) and sound velocity versus void ratio (b)
图 11 湿密度随深度的变化关系（a）及声速与湿密度的关系（b）
Fig. 11 Wet density versus depth (a) and sound velocity versus wet density (b)
图 12 干密度随深度的变化关系（a）及声速与干密度的关系（b）
Fig. 12 Dry density versus depth (a) and sound velocity versus dry density (b)
图 13 压缩系数随深度的变化关系（a）及声速与压缩系数的关系（b）
Fig. 13 Compressibility versus depth (a) and sound velocity versus compressibility (b)
图 14 压缩模量随深度的变化关系（a）及声速与压缩模量的关系（b）
Fig. 14 Compressive modulus versus depth (a) and sound velocity versus compressive modulus (b)
表 1 全新世沉积层声速反演示例
Tab. 1 Sound velocity inversion for Holocene sequence
浅地层剖面数据信息 钻孔数据信息 反演声速/m·s−1 测线编号 水深/m 层底埋深/m 单程走时/ms 校正后走时/ms 过孔编号 层底埋深/m A2 6.76 11.77 7.36 7.83 B23 12.40 1 583.65 A5 6.10 13.89 8.68 9.25 H43 14.00 1 513.51 A5 6.10 11.96 7.48 8.02 H27 11.80 1 471.32 A5 6.00 10.70 6.69 7.21 H15 11.50 1 595.01 
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表 2 基岩面以上沉积层声速反演示例
Tab. 2 Sound velocity inversion for above-bedrock sequence
浅地层剖面数据信息 钻孔数据信息 反演声速/m·s−1 测线编号 水深/m 层底埋深/m 单程走时/ms 校正后走时/ms 过孔编号 层底埋深/m A5 6.10 59.67 37.29 38.13 H43 63.50 1 665.36 A5 6.10 66.03 41.27 42.12 H27 75.80 1 799.62 A5 6.00 49.14 30.71 31.54 H15 52.80 1 674.06
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表 3 声速反演的误差分析
Tab. 3 Error analysis of sound velocity inversion
误差来源 误差大小 分层界面最浅时反演误差 分层界面最深时反演误差 浅剖界面划分 ±0.1 ms ±14.02 m/s ±1.10 m/s 钻孔分层深度 ±1 m/±1.5 m ±92.59 m/s ±10.98 m/s
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