Jason-3 global statistical assessment based on Jason-2
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摘要: Jason-3卫星高度计于2016年1月17日成功发射，2016年2月12日进入预定轨道，与Jason-2高度计同轨进入编队飞行阶段，并落后Jason-2高度计约1分20秒，两者相距约560 km。2016年9月1日，Jason-2高度计变换轨道，编队飞行阶段结束，两高度计进入平行轨道，以增加卫星高度计对地观测的空间覆盖。本研究主要开展了Jason-3高度计的数据质量的评估与检验，包括Jason-3高度计数据可用性和有效性的验证，以及Jason-3高度计和校正辐射计各参数的数据质量监测。重点开展了Jason-2与Jason-3高度计各项参数的综合比较，利用Jason-2与Jason-3高度计编队飞行阶段的数据精确评估了两高度计参数的一致性，并从全球数据角度分析了Jason-3高度计获取各参数的能力以及稳定性；通过与Jason-2互交叉点比较分析评估Jason-3高度计海面高度数据质量情况，验证Jason-3高度计数据精度。结果表明，Jason-3高度计的数据质量满足高度计测高的要求，具有与Jason-1、Jason-2、T/P等高度计相同或更高的测高精度以监测全球海平面变化，此外，Jason-3有效波高参数数据质量明显优于Jason-2高度计。
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关键词:
- Jason-3高度计 /
- Jason-2高度计 /
- 数据质量 /
- 评估
Abstract: Jason-3 satellite was successfully launched on January 17, 2016, and was put on its nominal orbit on February 12, 2016. Jason-3 was flying in formation with Jason-2 only 1 minute 20 seconds, and was about 560 km from Jason-2. Jason-2 was moved to its new interleaved orbit on September 1, 2016. Two orbits were parallel to increase the spatial coverage of satellite observations. The objectives of this paper are to assess Jason-3 data quality and to estimate the altimetry system performance includes validation of Jason-3 data availability and data quality monitoring of Jason-3 and radiometer parameters. The objectives focused on comprehensive comparison of the parameters of the Jason-2 and Jason-3, accurately evaluated the consistency of the two altimeter parameters using the opportunity that the missions were on the same ground track during the formation flight phase, analyzed the ability and stability of the Jason-3 from the perspective of global data, verified Jason-3 data accuracy by self-crossover analysis and dual crossover analysis with Jason-2. From the results presented here, it is demonstrated that the Jason-3 mission fulfils the requirements of high precision altimetry. It allows continuing the observation of the sea surface height variations at the same or higher accuracy as Jason-1, Jason-2 and T/P. In addition, significant wave height quality of Jason-3 data is significantly better than the Jason-2.-
Key words:
- Jason-3 satellite /
- Jason-2 satellite /
- data quality /
- evaluation
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图 1 全球范围（a）和海洋表面范围（b）的逐周期缺失测量所占比例
Fig. 1 Cycle-by-cycle monitoring of percentage of missing measurement over the world (a) and over land (b)
图 2 不同编辑准则逐周期剔除数据所占百分比
Fig. 2 Cycle-by-cycle percentages of edited measurements by the main Jason-2 and Jason-3 altimeter and radiometer parameters
图 3 20 Hz测距数据观测数（a）和20 Hz测距标准偏差（b）的逐周期平均值
Fig. 3 Cycle mean of number (a) and standard deviation (b) of 20 Hz range measurements
图 5 编队飞行阶段对应点后向散射系数逐轨平均差值（Jason-3与Jason-2差值）
Fig. 5 Pass mean of backscatter coefficient difference during the formation flight phase of Jason-3 minus Jason-2
图 6 后向散射系数（a）及其标准偏差的逐周期平均值（b）比较，风速（c）及其标准偏差的逐周期平均值（d）
Fig. 6 Cycle mean of backscatter coefficient (a) and standard deviation of backscatter coefficient (b), cycle mean of wind speed (c) and standard deviation of wind speed (d)
图 7 编队飞行阶段对应点湿对流层校正逐轨平均差值（Jason-3与Jason-2差值）
Fig. 7 Pass mean of radiometer wet troposphere correction difference during the formation flight phase of Jason-3 minus Jason-2
图 8 湿对流层校正逐周期平均值（a）及其标准偏差（b）
Fig. 8 Cycle mean of radiometer wet troposphere correction (a) and standard deviation of radiometer wet troposphere correction (b)
图 9 编队飞行阶段对应点电离层校正逐轨平均差值（Jason-3与Jason-2差值）
Fig. 9 Pass mean of dual frequency ionosphere correction difference during the formation flight phase of Jason-3 minus Jason-2
图 10 双频电离层校正逐周期平均值（a）及其标准偏差（b）
Fig. 10 Cycle mean of dual frequency ionosphere correction (a) and standard deviation of dual frequency ionosphere correction (b)
图 11 编队飞行阶段对应点有效波高逐轨平均差值（Jason-3与Jason-2差值）
Fig. 11 Pass mean of significant wave height difference during the formation flight phase of Jason-3 minus Jason-2
图 12 有效波高逐周期平均值（a）及其标准偏差（b）
Fig. 12 Cycle mean of significant wave height (a) and standard deviation of significant wave height (b)
图 13 编队飞行阶段对应点海面高度逐轨平均差值（Jason-3与Jason-2差值）
Fig. 13 Pass mean of sea surface height difference during the formation flight phase of Jason-3 minus Jason-2
图 14 海面高度逐周期平均值（a）及其标准偏差（b）
Fig. 14 Cycle mean of sea surface height (a) and standard deviation of sea surface height (b)
图 15 Jason-3与Jason-2高度计编队飞行阶段海面高度差值全球分布
Fig. 15 Global difference of sea surface height during the formation flight phase of Jason-3 minus Jason-2
图 16 Jason-3自交叉点（a）和Jason-3与Jason-2互交叉点（b）的海面高度逐周期不符值及其均方根值
Fig. 16 Cycle mean of self-crossover (a) and dual-crossover (b) sea surface height difference and root mean square
图 17 Jason-3自交叉点（a）和Jason-3与Jason-2互交叉点（b）的海面高度异常不符值全球分布
Fig. 17 Global difference of self-crossover (a) and dual-crossover (b) sea level anomaly difference
图 18 Jason-3自交叉点（a）和Jason-3与Jason-2互交叉点（b）的海面高度异常逐周期不符值及其均方根值
Fig. 18 Cycle mean of self-crossover (a) and dual-crossover (b) sea level anomaly difference and its root mean square
表 1 Jason-2和Jason-3高度计和辐射计数据编辑中的参数阈值
Tab. 1 Thresholds used for altimeter and radiometer parameters in the Jason-2 and Jason-3 editing procedures
参数 最小值 最大值 参数 最小值 最大值 20 Hz测距数据观测数 10 — 固体潮校正/m −1 1 轨道高度−距离测量值/m −130 100 极潮校正/m −0.015 0.015 20 Hz测距标准差/m — 0.2 Ku波段有效波高/m 0 11 模型干对流层校正/m −2.5 −1.9 Ku波段后向散射系数/dB 7 30 辐射计湿对流层校正/m −0.5 −0.001 风速/m·s−1 0 30 Ku波段电离层校正/m −0.4 0.04 后向散射系数标准差/dB — 1 Ku波段海况偏差/m −0.5 0 后向散射系数观测数 10 — 潮汐校正/m −5 5 Ku波段偏指向角平方/(°)2 −0.2 0.64 注：—表示对最大值（最小值）没有限制要求。 
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