基于耳石微结构的黄、渤海蓝点马鲛幼鱼日龄与生长

朱庆环; 田永军; 张弛; 叶振江; 徐宾铎

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.02.009

基于耳石微结构的黄、渤海蓝点马鲛幼鱼日龄与生长

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.02.009

1.中国海洋大学水产学院，山东青岛 266003

基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费（201562030）；蓝色粮仓重点专项（2018YFD0900902）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（41876177）。

详细信息

作者简介:
朱庆环（1993—），男，山东省泰安市人，主要从事渔业资源生物学研究。E-mail：zhuqh1993@126.com

通讯作者:
田永军，男，教授，主要从事渔业海洋学研究。E-mail：yjtian@ouc.edu.cn

中图分类号: S917.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-02-28
- 修回日期: 2019-05-15
- 网络出版日期: 2020-11-18
- 刊出日期: 2020-02-25

Daily age and growth of young-of-the-year Scomberomorus niphonius in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea based on otolith microstructure

1.Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China

摘要

摘要: 鱼类的生长是影响群体资源量的要素，研究鱼类的生长规律是开展资源评估工作的基础。本研究依据2016年9–10月和2017年8–10月在黄渤海采集的当年生蓝点马鲛(Scomberomorus niphonius)幼鱼，通过耳石微结构分析，确定了蓝点马鲛孵化期，建立了生长模型并估算了生长率。结果显示，幼鱼日龄范围为64～151 d，孵化日期为5月3日至6月15日，高峰期集中在5月20日至6月3日。叉长和体质量的生长符合Logistic生长模型。叉长平均绝对生长率和特定生长率分别为2.45 mm/d和0.85 %/d，生长率随着日龄增大而小幅度减小。体质量平均绝对生长率和特定生长率分别为5.33 g/d和2.68 %/d，最大绝对生长率和最大特定生长率分别出现在111～120 d和91～100 d。本研究表明，蓝点马鲛幼鱼生长随日龄发生变化，早期生长较以往进一步加快。
- 蓝点马鲛 /
- 幼鱼 /
- 耳石微结构 /
- 日龄 /
- 生长 /
- 黄海 /
- 渤海
Abstract: The growth of fish is an important factor affecting the stock biomass. Studying the pattern of fish growth underpins fish stock assessment. This study was conducted based on otolith microstructure analysis of young-of-the-year (YOY) Scomberomorus niphonius collected from September to October in 2016 and August to October in 2017 from the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. The hatching dates were determined for each individual. The growth models were established and the growth rates were calculated. The results showed that the age range of YOY S. niphonius was 64–151 d. The hatching dates fell between 3 May and 15 June, with a peak between 20 May and 3 June. The Logistic model gave the best fit to growth of fork length and body weight. The average absolute growth rate and specific growth rate of the fork length were 2.45 mm/d and 0.85 %/d, respectively. The growth rate decreased slightly with the increase of age. The average absolute growth rate and specific growth rate of body weight were 5.33 g/d and 2.68%/d, respectively. The maximum absolute growth rate and maximum specific growth rate occurred at 111–120 d and 91–100 d, respectively. The results of this study showed that the growth of YOY S. niphonius varied with age, and the early growth of the S. niphonius accelerated further than before.
- Japanese Spanish mackerel /
- young-of-the-year /
- otolith microstructure /
- daily age /
- growth /
- Yellow Sea /
- Bohai Sea

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图 1 蓝点马鲛幼鱼的采样位置示意图

Fig. 1 Sampling locations of YOY Scomberomorus niphonius

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图 2 蓝点马鲛幼鱼矢耳石横截面微结构（红线表示日轮计数轴）

a. 由原基到边缘日轮计数的路径；b. 核心区域日轮结构；c. B区域日轮结构

Fig. 2 Microstructure of transverse section of sagittal otolith from YOY Scomberomorus niphonius (red line indicates the counting axis)

a. Increment measurement route from primordium to edge; b. daily increment in core area; c. daily increment in B-area

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图 3 黄、渤海蓝点马鲛幼鱼孵化日期频率分布直方图及其对应的海水表面温度变化曲线

Fig. 3 Frequency distribution histogram of calculated hatching date of YOY Scomberomorus niphonius in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea and its corresponding change carve of sea surface temperature

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图 4 黄、渤海蓝点马鲛幼鱼叉长与日龄的关系

Fig. 4 The relationship of FL and daily age of YOY Scomberomorus niphonius in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

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图 5 黄、渤海蓝点马鲛幼鱼体质量与日龄的关系

Fig. 5 The relationship of BW and daily age of YOY Scomberomorus niphonius in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

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图 6 黄、渤海蓝点马鲛幼鱼叉长及体质量的绝对生长率

Fig. 6 AGR of FL and BW of YOY Scomberomorus niphonius in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

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图 7 黄、渤海蓝点马鲛幼鱼叉长及体质量的特定生长率

Fig. 7 SGR of FL and BW of YOY Scomberomorus niphonius in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

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表 1 各采样区域蓝点马鲛幼鱼的叉长、体质量、日龄和孵化日期

Tab. 1 Fork length, body weight, daily age and calculated hatching date of YOY Scomberomorus niphonius in each sampling region

采样时间	区域	样本	叉长/mm	体质量/g	日龄/d	推定的孵化日期
2017年8月	莱州	33	245.2±23.8　197～339*	109.23±37.77　49.9～279.0*	80.6±5.8　67～93*	2017−05−25±6.4　2017−05−12至2016−06−10*
2017年8月	威海	67	414.1±23.1　213～378*	132.48±64.46　59.4～407.8*	79.3±5.1　71～98*	2017−05−25±5.3　2017−05−07至2017−06−03*
2017年8月	青岛	28	230.3±28.7　179～277*	97.95±35.20　41.6～155.7*	86.1±5.2　77～101*	2017−05−21±5.2　2017−05−07至2017−05−31*
2017年9月	吕四	21	397.3±32.1　355～452*	483.18±114.29　335.9～706.1*	139.9±5.5　133～154*	2017−05−17±5.5　2017−05−03至2017−05−24*
2016年9月	威海	23	300.5±18.0　263～335*	238.39±35.41　152.8～296.7*	92.0±5.1　80～101*	2016−06−01±5.1　2016−05−24至2016−06−14*
2016年9月	青岛	23	414.1±22.6　377～483*	600.96±87.46　476.0～842.0*	128.0±7.7　111～149*	2016−05−28±7.7　2016−05−08至2016−06−15*
2016年10月	吕四	20	345.7±21.8　302～382*	323.84±58.00　221.9～443.7*	135.0±9.9　117～148*	2016−05−28±9.9　2016−05−15至2016−06−15*
注：* 表示叉长、体质量和孵化日期的范围。

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表 2 黄、渤海蓝点马鲛幼鱼日龄组成

Tab. 2 Age composition of YOY Scomberomorus niphonius in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

日龄范围/d	样本数	叉长/mm		体质量/g
日龄范围/d	样本数	范围	平均值±标准差	范围	平均值±标准差
61～70	2	197～203	200.0±4.2	49.9～63.0	56.43±9.25
71～80	52	179～281	236.5±19.2	41.6～101.82	101.82±28.20
81～90	67	184～339	249.7±30.1	48.5～288.1	123.51±51.90
91～100	25	236～342	301.6±24.4	97.4～333.5	230.08±55.14
101～110	6	265～390	317.5±53.3	161.2～485.0	283.53±131.85
111～120	8	302～413	367.3±40.6	248.7～676.0	449.16±147.25
121～130	19	330～432	396.9±32.0	289.9～693.0	521.42±130.97
131～140	28	312～435	381.8±35.7	221.9～712.0	441.87±134.43
141～150	7	321～483	395.7±57.3	269.3～842.0	483.09±201.98
151～160	1	452～452	452	706.1～706.1	706.1

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表 3 黄、渤海蓝点马鲛幼鱼叉长生长模型的参数与AIC的比较

Tab. 3 The comparison of R² and AIC of FL growth of YOY Scomberomorus niphonius in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

模型Model	Y_∞/Y₀	a/k/h	b/t₀/g	R²	AIC	∆AIC
线性	/	25.530	2.742	0.797	1 491.889	14.138
指数	/	125.692	0.008	0.780	1 509.464	31.713
对数	/	−1 014.379	287.007	0.805	1 482.361	4.610
幂函数	/	4.524	0.911	0.799	1 490.632	12.880
Von Bertalanffy	533.469	0.013	33.907	0.808	1 482.444	4.694
Logistic	439.700	0.035	74.324	0.812	1 477.751	0
Gompertz	132.403	0.030	−0.280	0.780	1 511.464	33.713

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表 4 黄、渤海蓝点马鲛幼鱼体质量生长模型的参数与AIC的比较

Tab. 4 The comparison of R² and AIC of BW growth model of YOY Scomberomorus niphonius in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

模型	Y_∞/Y₀	a/k/h	b/t₀/g	R²	AIC	∆AIC
线性	/	−428.523	6.797	0.732	1 959.426	19.548
指数	/	23.352	0.022	0.682	1 997.005	57.127
对数	/	−2 996.272	709.264	0.735	1 956.689	16.811
幂函数	/	0.002	2.495	0.708	1 978.685	38.807
Von Bertalanffy	1 066.149	0.009	67.709	0.738	1 957.504	17.626
Logistic	506.649	0.081	97.102	0.759	1 939.878	0
Gompertz	25.258	0.046	−0.490	0.682	1 999.005	59.127

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