海啸俘获波在弯曲海脊上的传播规律

于洪荃; 胡见; 王岗; 张尧; 郑金海

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.01.005

海啸俘获波在弯曲海脊上的传播规律

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.01.005

于洪荃^1,,
胡见²,
王岗^{1, 3, ,},
张尧⁴,
郑金海^{1, 3}

1.
河海大学海岸灾害及防护教育部重点实验室，江苏南京 210098
2.
长江航运发展研究中心，湖北武汉 430014
3.
河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院，江苏南京 210098
4.
自然资源部海洋减灾中心，北京 100194

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2017YFC1404205）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（51579090）；中央高校基本科研业务费（2019B12214）；‘青蓝工程’。

详细信息

作者简介:
于洪荃（1993—），男，黑龙江省牡丹江市人，主要从事海啸传播变形数值模拟方面的研究。E-mail：hongquanyu@hhu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
王岗，博士，副教授。E-mail：gangwang@hhu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P731.25
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- 文章访问数: 311
- HTML全文浏览量: 52
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-05-16
- 修回日期: 2019-09-02
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-21
- 刊出日期: 2020-01-25

Trapped tsunami waves propagation over curved ocean ridges

Yu Hongquan^1
,,
Hu Jian²,
Wang Gang^{1, 3
, ,},
Zhang Yao⁴,
Zheng Jinhai^{1, 3}

1.
Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Defence, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
2.
Yangtze River Shipping Development Research Center, Wuhan 430014, China
3.
College of Harbour, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
4.
National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100194, China

摘要

摘要: 越洋海啸会受大洋海脊的引导以俘获波的形式沿其传播上万千米，其携带的巨大能量会严重影响远场地区、威胁海岸地区的安全。本文基于MIKE21-BW模型，分别模拟0°(直海脊)至90°(直角弯曲海脊)不同弯曲角度海脊上俘获波的传播变形过程，并定量比较其能量分配。结果表明，海脊俘获波传至海脊转弯处，少部分能量会泄露出海脊重新以自由波的形式扩散至整个海域；部分能量会被反射回来形成与初始海啸波相反方向的俘获波沿海脊传播，反射的能量会随着海脊弯曲角度的增加而增加；还有一部分能量继续沿着弯曲的海脊向前传播，其随着海脊弯曲的角度增加而减小。
- 海啸 /
- 弯曲海脊 /
- 俘获波 /
- Boussinesq模型
Abstract: Transoceanic tsunami guided by oceanic ridges can propagate to tens of thousands of kilometers away in the form of trapped waves, which threatens the safety in far field. MIKE21-BW was used to simulate trapped waves propagation over ocean ridge with curved degree varying from 0° (straight ridge) to 90° (right-angle ridge) and the energy distribution was examined. The results show that when the trapped waves propagate to the bend of ocean ridge, a little part of the energy leaks out of it and scatters in the other area as free waves. Some of the energy is reflected back and propagate along the ocean ridge in the opposite direction, and it increases with the curved angle of the ocean ridge. The other energy continues to propagate along the curved ocean ridge and it increases with the curved angle of the ocean ridge.
- tsunami /
- curved oceanic ridge /
- trapped waves /
- Boussinesq model

HTML全文

图 1 模型区域示意图

▲为初始水面隆起中心

Fig. 1 Sketch of the numerical simulation

▲ is the center of the initial surface elevation

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图 2 30°（a）和90°（b）弯曲海脊在t=100 min、840 min、1 020 min、1 500 min、1 800 min时刻的瞬时波面

Fig. 2 Snapshots of free surface over the ocean ridge of 30°(a) and 90°(b) at t=100 min, 840 min, 1 020 min, 1 500 min and 1 800 min respectively

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图 3 30°弯曲海脊不同脊顶位置处波面过程及其对应的小波谱

Fig. 3 Free surface elevations and their corresponding wavelet spectra over ocean ridge of 30° at different top positions

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图 4 30°弯曲海脊上的俘获波剖面模拟结果与模态m=0的俘获波解析解比较

Fig. 4 Comparison of the wave amplitude profiles over ocean ridge of 30° for mode m=0 between the numerical results and the analytical solutions

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图 5 不同弯曲角度的海脊上俘获波能量变化

Fig. 5 Energy of trapped waves over ocean ridges with different curved degree

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