半日潮流作用下悬移质泥沙的运动特征及其影响因素研究

朱子晨; 张莞君; 胡泽建; 刘建强; 熊丛博

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.06.004

半日潮流作用下悬移质泥沙的运动特征及其影响因素研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.06.004

自然资源部第一海洋研究所, 山东青岛 266061

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41276084）。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-03-02
- 修回日期: 2018-07-11

Study on the semi-diurnal tides-induced movement features of suspended sediment and the influencing factors

First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China

摘要

摘要: 本文通过建立一维水深平均悬沙模型，对典型潮流控制的水道内悬沙运动特征进行研究。模型以泥沙再悬浮、沉降和平流为主要物理过程，动力因素包含M₂、S₂分潮及余流，采用湄洲湾2007年8月潮位、潮流、悬沙、底质同步观测资料进行分析和验证。通过三角傅里叶分析，将悬沙的时间序列分解为12个主要的谐波分量，其中主要分量包括：M₂分潮作用下产生的具有M₂倍潮角速度的1/4日分潮项，M₂与S₂分潮共同作用下且角速度为两分潮角速度之和的1/4日分潮项，及水平悬沙梯度、余流与M₂分潮共同作用下具有M₂分潮角速度的半日潮项。悬沙在时间上的平均值受到余流、悬沙水平梯度、M₂分潮流及悬沙起动条件等因素控制。余流导致了悬沙序列中相邻周期之间的不对称性。反映泥沙特性的参量对悬沙的曲线特征具有重要影响，泥沙沉降速度影响悬沙的相位，并影响其振幅；再悬浮有关的参量仅影响各谐波分量的振幅，但不影响相位。
- 悬移质泥沙 /
- 三角傅里叶分析 /
- 再悬浮 /
- M₂分潮 /
- S₂分潮 /
- 余流
Abstract: To study the sediment movement characteristics in a tidal channel, an one-dimensional depth-averaged suspended sediment concentration (SSC) model is established including advection, resuspension and deposition as main physical processes. The hydrodynamic force contains M₂ and S₂ tides. The model was applied in Meizhou Bay, in which tide, current, SSC and the sediment were measured or sampled in August, 2007. And the model was validated by the observation data. Suspension was decomposed into 12 primary terms by Fourier analysis, including (1) a demisemi-diurnal term induced by M₂ tide with an angular velocity of the overtide of M₂, (2) a demisemi-diurnal term induced by the combined action of M₂ and S₂ tides with an angular velocity of the sum of the angular velocities of M₂ and S₂, and (3) a semi-diurnal term induced by the combined action of horizontal suspension concentration gradient, residual current and M₂ tide, with an angular velocity same to that of M₂ tide. The time average of SSC is mainly controlled by residual current, horizontal gradient of suspension concentration, M₂ tidal current, and the incipient condition of sediment. The residual current could cause the asymmetry of suspension between the adjacent periods. The feature of SSC curve is controlled by the sediment parameters which reflect the sediment characteristics. The deposition parameters influence both the phase and the amplitude of SSC. The resuspension parameters only influence the amplitude of SSC, nor did the phase.
- suspended sediment /
- Trigonometric Fourier analysis /
- resuspension /
- M₂ partial tide /
- S₂ partial tide /
- residual current

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