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海洋微塑料污染现状及其对鱼类的生态毒理效应

武芳竹 曾江宁 徐晓群 王有基 刘强 徐旭丹 黄伟

武芳竹, 曾江宁, 徐晓群, 王有基, 刘强, 徐旭丹, 黄伟. 海洋微塑料污染现状及其对鱼类的生态毒理效应[J]. 海洋学报, 2019, 41(2): 85-98. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.02.008
引用本文: 武芳竹, 曾江宁, 徐晓群, 王有基, 刘强, 徐旭丹, 黄伟. 海洋微塑料污染现状及其对鱼类的生态毒理效应[J]. 海洋学报, 2019, 41(2): 85-98. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.02.008
Wu Fangzhu, Zeng Jiangning, Xu Xiaoqun, Wang Youji, Liu Qiang, Xu Xudan, Huang Wei. Status of marine microplastic pollution and its ecotoxicological effects on marine fish[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2019, 41(2): 85-98. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.02.008
Citation: Wu Fangzhu, Zeng Jiangning, Xu Xiaoqun, Wang Youji, Liu Qiang, Xu Xudan, Huang Wei. Status of marine microplastic pollution and its ecotoxicological effects on marine fish[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2019, 41(2): 85-98. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.02.008

海洋微塑料污染现状及其对鱼类的生态毒理效应

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.02.008
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41306112);中国亚太经合组织合作基金(2029901);自然资源部第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资助(JG1717);海洋公益性行业专项项目(201405007,201505008);科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD08B01);河口海岸学国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(SKLEC-KF201706)。

Status of marine microplastic pollution and its ecotoxicological effects on marine fish

  • 摘要: 海洋微塑料污染已成为全球性环境问题,鉴于微塑料特殊的理化性质,其对海洋生物和海洋生态系统的生态效应愈发受到关注。本文在综述海洋微塑料来源、类型和分布状况的基础上,探讨了鱼类摄入微塑料的途径及其生态毒理学效应。研究表明,全球近岸、大洋和极地海域均有微塑料分布,我国微塑料污染亦较为严重。微塑料会对包括鱼类在内的海洋生物生存造成威胁,其被鱼类摄入的主要途径是经口误食,微塑料进入鱼体后可在不同组织和器官中迁移,消化道是主要蓄积器官。微塑料对海洋鱼类的生态毒理效应主要包括:(1)影响生殖与精卵发生;(2)降低存活率;(3)影响生长发育;(4)扰乱行为;(5)导致组织病变与炎症反应;(6)导致代谢紊乱;(7)干扰神经系统;(8)导致氧化应激;(9)干扰内分泌等。未来研究应重点关注微塑料在海洋生态系统中的迁移扩散过程、不同浓度和粒径微塑料对鱼类的生态毒理效应及致毒机制研究、微塑料和其他典型海洋污染物对鱼类的联合毒性效应,以及微塑料与海洋酸化、缺氧、升温等全球环境问题的叠加效应等。
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2018-04-22
  • 修回日期:  2018-08-10

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