台湾东部黑潮区海源碳的沉积物记录与近千年来生产力与气候变化的反演

王越奇; 宋金明; 李学刚; 王启栋

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.10.013

台湾东部黑潮区海源碳的沉积物记录与近千年来生产力与气候变化的反演

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.10.013

中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室, 山东青岛 266071;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东青岛 266237;中国科学院海洋大科学中心, 山东青岛 266071

基金项目: 深海专项-深海典型生境生物多样性与生态系统（2016ASKJ14）；山东省-国家基金委联合基金（U1606404）；中国科学院创新先导专项项目（XDA11020102）。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-04-30
- 修回日期: 2018-06-14

Sedimentary records of sea-derived carbon and records of paleoproductivity and climate change in the Kuroshio mainstream over the past millennium

CAS Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Laboratory, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

摘要

摘要: 本文基于对台湾以东黑潮主流区沉积物的粒度和定年，通过解析沉积物总有机碳及其同位素组成获取海源碳变化特征，首次报道了该海区近千年来的初级生产力与气候变化反演结果。研究显示，台湾以东黑潮主流区近千年来的平均沉积速率为34.44 cm/ka，沉积环境较为稳定。另外，台湾以东黑潮主流区沉积物中的总有机碳和总氮含量主要受台湾东部河流输入、海洋初级生产力的沉降过程、成岩作用和粒度效应影响。对沉积物海源碳的定量估算表明，近千年来台湾以东黑潮主流区沉积物中40.02%~73.88%的有机质为海源输入，陆源输送次之。同时，近千年来台湾以东黑潮主流区沉积物记录较好地反映了中世纪暖期、小冰期和现代暖期3个气候变化阶段。1150-1420年期间，沉积物中总有机碳、总氮和海源碳含量缓慢升高，较高的表层海水温度有利于海洋初级生产力水平的升高。1500-1840年期间，较低的表层海水温度和亚洲大陆风尘输送水平使得海洋初级生产力较低，同时台湾地区小冰期较高的降水量有利于台湾东部河流向海输送，增强的水动力条件可能会加强海底沉积物的东移，从而导致该区域沉积物中总有机碳含量的增加。进入现代暖期以来研究区的海水温度逐渐增暖，而东亚季风强度和降水量却表现出波动的年际变化特征，并体现在研究区1930-1950年和1970年期间沉积物的中值粒径、总有机碳和总氮含量的快速波动。
- 古生产力 /
- 气候变化 /
- 海源碳 /
- 沉积物 /
- 黑潮
Abstract: Grain size and AMS¹⁴C dating in the sediment of Kuroshio mainstream, eastern of Taiwan, were determined to investigate the sedimentary environmental change of the research area for the past millennium. It made use of total organic carbon (TOC) and carbon stable isotope compositions in organic matter (δ¹³C) of sediments to estimate the sea-derived carbon contents. The change of marine primary productivity and the response of climate change in the research area for the past millennium were discussed based on the above study for the first time. The results showed that the sedimentary environment of the research area was relatively stable, with an average sedimentary rate of 34.44 cm/ka. In addition, TOC and total nitrogen (TN) contents of the sediments in Kuroshio mainstream were mainly influenced by rivers input of eastern Taiwan, settlement process of marine primary productivity, diagenesis and grain-size effect. TOC of research area sediments was mainly marine autogenic and was minor terrigenous input based on the estimation result of sea-derived carbon contents, which is about 40.02%-73.88% of organic matter in the sediments was marine autogenic. Meanwhile, the sedimentary records in Kuroshio mainstream for the past millennium well were reflected three climate periods, which is Medieval Warm Period (MWP), Little Ice Period (LIP) and Modern Period (MP). During 1150-1420, the contents of TOC, TN and sea-derived carbon of sediments in the research area were rising slowly, and the marine primary productivity was rising affected by the relatively high sea surface temperature (SST) in MWP. During 1500-1840, the difference of variation trend between TOC and sea-derived carbon contents reflected the temperature and rainfall features in LIA of the research area. On the one hand, relatively low sea-derived carbon contents and marine primary productivity were affected by relatively low SST and less Asian continental dust input during 1600-1750. Relatively high TOC contents in the research area sediments during 1500-1850 was related to more sediment input, which was caused by increased rainfall of Taiwan in LIA and stronger rivers input of eastern Taiwan. In the MP, SST in the research area was gradually increased, but the intensity of the East Asian monsoon and the precipitation fluctuated rapidly, which is reflected in the rapid fluctuation of the median diameter (D50), TOC and TN contents during 1930-1950 and 1970.
- paleoproductivity /
- climate change /
- sea-derived carbon /
- sediment /
- Kuroshio

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