基于碳、氮稳定同位素的雅浦海沟底栖生物食物来源和营养级初探

郭承秧; 杨志; 陈建芳; 郑豪; 张东声; 冉莉华; 王春生; 鹿博; 陈倩娜

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.10.006

基于碳、氮稳定同位素的雅浦海沟底栖生物食物来源和营养级初探

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.10.006

1.
浙江大学海洋学院, 浙江舟山 316021;国家海洋局第二海洋研究所国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310012
2.
国家海洋局第二海洋研究所国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310012
3.
浙江大学海洋学院, 浙江舟山 316021

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41406091）；国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目（2015CB755902）。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-04-22
- 修回日期: 2018-06-04

A preliminary study on the food resources and trophic levels of the benthic community in the Yap Trench based on stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes

1.
Institute of Environment and Marine Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
3.
Institute of Environment and Marine Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China

摘要

摘要: 为了分析雅浦海沟中底栖生物群落的食物来源和营养级，本研究分析了雅浦海沟真光层中浮游植物和浮游动物、海底沉积物和巨型底栖生物（海绵、海参、海蛇尾、海星、海葵和钩虾）中的碳、氮稳定同位素组成。研究发现雅浦海沟真光层中的浮游植物和浮游动物δ¹³C值[（-22.8±0.4）‰和（-21.8±0.8）‰]和δ¹⁵N值[（5.4±0.4）‰和（6.8±0.2）‰]与巨型底栖生物的δ¹³C值（-20.1‰~-16.8‰）和δ¹⁵N值（11.9‰~17.9‰）的差异超过了一个营养级，表明作为底栖生物的初始食物来源的浮游植物和浮游动物在向下输送的过程中经历了食物链传递和细菌的降解。巨型底栖生物的δ¹⁵N和δ¹³C值之间无显著的相关性，此外不同物种之间营养级也存在明显差异，表现为海绵的营养级相对较高（3.4~4.7），海参（3.3~3.6）、海蛇尾（3.4~3.5）和海星（3.2~3.7）的营养级较为接近，钩虾（2.9~3.3）和海葵（3.1）的营养级则相对略低，反映了底栖生物不同物种之间食物来源的多样化。
- 雅浦海沟 /
- 碳、氮稳定同位素 /
- 底栖生物 /
- 食物来源 /
- 营养级
Abstract: The deep-sea benthic community in the Yap Trench is highly food limited, with low biomass but high biodiversity. To investigate the food resources and trophic levels of the benthic community in the Yap Trench, stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of phytoplankton, zooplankton, sedimentary organic matter and megabenthos (include Porifera, Holothuroidea, ophiuroidea, Asteroidea, Actiniaria, Gammaridea) were analyzed. The phytoplankton and zooplankton in the euphotic zone of the Yap Trench is the original food resources for the benthic community. However, the δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of phytoplankton[δ¹³C=(-22.8±0.4)‰,δ¹⁵N=(5.4±0.4)‰] and zooplankton[δ¹³C=(-21.8±0.8)‰,δ¹⁵N=(6.8±0.2)‰] were significantly different from those of mega benthos (δ¹³C values ranged from -20.1‰ to -16.8‰,δ¹⁵N values ranged from 11.9‰ to 17.9‰), indicating the organic matter produced in the surface water had been modified by zooplankton assimilation and bacteriological degradation during sinking. No significant correlation between δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of benthic tissue was found, indicating differential preference of organic matter for benthos. Trophic levels of specific deep-sea consumers were calculated, which showed the trophic level of Porifera was higher (3.4-4.7) than those of other benthos, including Gammaridea (2.9-3.3), Actiniaria (3.1), Holothuroidea (3.3-3.6), Ophiuroidea (3.4-3.5) and Asteroidea (3.2-3.7). It implied that different benthic feeders had a variety of feeding strategies to get diversified food resources.
- Yap Trench /
- stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes /
- benthic community /
- food resources /
- trophic level

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