Interdecadal variability of sea surface temperature from 1780 to 2013 recorded in corals from the Huangyan Island in the South China Sea
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摘要: 基于南海中部黄岩岛滨珊瑚生长率与表层海温距平(SSTA)的正相关关系,重建了1780-2013年(共234年)黄岩岛海域SSTA年际变化序列。结果表明,1780-1890年SSTA总体偏低,平均为-0.2℃,最低SSTA为-1℃(1837年),对应于小冰期晚期;1890年以来SSTA总体呈阶段性上升,其中1971-1998年升温最快,1998年达到峰值(2℃),之后SSTA略呈下降趋势,冷暖变化与北半球陆地温度变化基本是同步的。频谱分析显示,黄岩岛海域SSTA在过去234年主要呈现出26~34 a的冷暖周期波动,其相位转变基本与太平洋年代际振荡冷-暖位相同步。近234年来南海中部黄岩岛海域SSTA的年代际变率并不是持续不变的,1890年以来该海域SST年代际变率出现明显增强,可能与全球变暖导致的海洋内部变率的变化有关。考虑到热带西南太平洋SST年代际变率同样在1890年也发生了一次转变,我们认为这些证据可能指示了整个热带太平洋内部变率在1890年以后发生了一次转变。Abstract: The relationship between coral growth rate and sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) was used to reconstruct the SSTA in the central South China Sea Since 1780. Our reconstruction shows that SSTA over the period 1780-1890, which correspond to the latter part of Little Ice Age, was cold relatively, the average SSTA was -0.2℃, the coldest SSTA was -1℃ in 1837. After 1890, the SSTA increased most fast between 1971 to 1998, the highest SSTA was 2℃ in 1998, but there was a downward trend after 1998, which is basically synchronous with the change of land temperature in Northern Hemisphere. The spectral analysis shows a significant period of 26-34 a for the SSTA in the central of South China Sea, with the phase transitions correspond to the decadal shifts of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. The wavelet analysis indicated that the interdecadal oscillation of the SSTA in the central South China Sea was not stable over the past 234 years. After entering the Current Warm Period, the interdecadal variability has enhanced distinctly, which may be related to the changes in the internal variability of the ocean associated with the global warming. Our result, together with the change in the decadal-scale SST variability of the tropical southwest Pacific in the 1890, suggested that the internal variability of the tropical Pacific has changed since 1890.
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Key words:
- Huangyan Island /
- coral growth rate /
- SSTA /
- Little Ice Age /
- interdecadal variability
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