辽河口沉积物中古菌和细菌群落结构分析

张慧珍; 常永凯; 陈泉睿; 明红霞; 苏洁; 石岩; 殷旭旺; 樊景凤

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.06.011

辽河口沉积物中古菌和细菌群落结构分析

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.06.011

1.
大连海洋大学水产与生命学院, 辽宁大连 116023;国家海洋环境监测中心国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室, 辽宁大连 116023
2.
国家海洋环境监测中心国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室, 辽宁大连 116023
3.
大连海洋大学水产与生命学院, 辽宁大连 116023

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划"海洋环境安全保障"重点专项（2017YFC1404500）；全球变化与海气相互作用专项（GASI-03-01-02-05）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（41676115）；国家重点研发计划"全球变化及应对专项"（2016YFA0601401）。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-07-29
- 修回日期: 2017-11-21

Community structure analysis of archaea and bacteria in sediments of Liaohe Estuary

1.
College of Aquaculture and Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory of Coastal Sea Area Ecological Environment, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
2.
State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory of Coastal Sea Area Ecological Environment, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
3.
College of Aquaculture and Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China

摘要

摘要: 本研究旨在了解辽河口表层沉积物中古菌和细菌的群落结构组成、多样性及其与环境因子之间的相关性。采用构建古菌和细菌16S rRNA基因文库的方法，应用Illumina Miseq测序技术进行序列分析。结果表明：辽河口表层沉积物中细菌多样性高于古菌多样性，近岸细菌和古菌多样性高于远岸，即河相区（0.8~7.04）细菌多样性高于混合区（13.1~20.7）和海相区（24.2~31.5）；主要古菌群落为奇古菌门（Thaumarchaeota，72.73%）和广古菌门（Euryarchaeota，25.05%），其中泉古菌门（Crenarchaeota，0.001%）只在河相区站位被发现；细菌群落组成中变形菌门（Proteobacteria，61.94%）为该河口的优势菌群，其次为拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes，11.21%）和酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria，5.59%），其他门类如蓝藻门（Cyanobacteria，3.03%）等比例较小。与环境因子的冗余度分析表明：影响表层沉积物中古菌群落分布的主要环境因子依次为氨盐、泥、酸碱度、盐度、电导率和砂，而细菌群落的分布主要受到溶氧、泥、砂、黏土和总磷的影响。由此可见，不同环境条件下微生物的群落结构存在空间异质性，不同微生物对同一环境条件的响应亦不同。
- 辽河口 /
- 表层沉积物 /
- 古菌 /
- 细菌 /
- 16SrRNA基因 /
- IlluminaMiseq
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the community structure, diversity and correlation with environmental factors of the archaeal and bacterial in the surface sediments of Liaohe Estuary. Using the method of constructing 16S rRNA gene library of archaea and bacteria, application Illumina Miseq sequencing technology for sequence analysis. The results showed that the diversity of bacteria in the surface sediments of Liaohe Estuary was higher than that of archaea, and the diversity of archaea and bacteria in the nearshore was higher than that in the off-lying sea, that is, the diversity of the low salt area (0.8-7.04) was higher than that of middle salt area (13.1-20.7) and high salt area (24.2-31.5). The main archaea communities were Thaumarchaeota (72.73%) and Euryarchaeota (25.05%), while Crenarchaeota (0.001%) was found only in the low salt area. Proteobacteria (61.94%) was the dominant bacteria group, followed by Bacteroidetes (11.21%) and Acidobacteria (5.59%), other phyla, such as Cyanobacteria (3.03%) accounted for less. The redundancy (RDA) analysis between samples and environmental factors shows that:the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of archaeal community in surface sediments are as follows:NH₄⁺ > Silt > pH > Salinity > Cond > Sand, bacterial community distribution is mainly affected by DO > Silt > Sand > Clay > TP. It can be seen that there are spatial heterogeneity in the community structure of microorganisms under different environmental conditions, and the response of different microorganisms to the same environmental conditions is different.
- Liaohe Estuary /
- surface sediments /
- archaea /
- bacteria /
- 16S rRNA gene /
- Illumina Miseq

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