西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群体栖息地的变化研究

余为; 陈新军

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.03.008

西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群体栖息地的变化研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.03.008

余为,
陈新军

上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306;大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306;远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306

基金项目: 中国博士后基金面上项目（2017M611612）；上海海洋大学博士科研启动基金（A2-0203-17-100313）；大洋渔业资源可持续发展重点实验室开放基金（A1-0203-00-2009-5）。

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- 收稿日期: 2017-05-31

Variability in the potential habitat of winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the northwest Pacific Ocean

Yu Wei,
Chen Xinjun

College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China

摘要

摘要: 柔鱼（Ommastrephes bartramii）是短生命周期鱼种，其适宜栖息地范围受海洋水温条件的显著影响。本文根据2006-2015年7-11月中国鱿钓技术组提供的西北太平洋柔鱼冬生群体的捕捞数据以及海表温度（SST）数据，利用捕捞努力量与SST的频率分布关系，估算柔鱼各月适宜温度范围（PFSST），对1985-2015年柔鱼PFSST进行估算，同时分析柔鱼PFSST的年代际变化规律，并评估不同强度厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件对柔鱼栖息地的影响。研究表明，2006-2015年柔鱼各月适宜的SST具有明显变化，7-11月对应适宜的SST范围分别为16~19℃、17~21℃、15~19℃、14~16℃和12~13℃。单位捕捞努力量渔获量大小随PFSST变动而发生相应变化，两者具有显著正相关关系，这说明了柔鱼渔场范围内适宜温度面积增加，对应柔鱼资源丰度上升。1985-2015年柔鱼PFSST呈现显著的月间和年际变化，7-11月PFSST具有先增加后递减的变化规律，且7-9月PFSST年际波动相似，10和11月PFSST年际变化相似。同时，柔鱼PFSST与渔场内SST具有显著正相关关系。柔鱼渔场内PFSST受厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件调控，其面积随气候事件的强度发生变化，具体表现为：弱拉尼娜事件和正常气候条件下，柔鱼渔场范围内水温最高，适宜栖息面积显著增长；中等强度和高强度拉尼娜条件下，柔鱼渔场内平均水温较高，但适宜栖息面积较前两者显著减小；弱强度、中等强度和超高强度厄尔尼诺条件下，柔鱼渔场内水温均较低，但弱强度和超高强度厄尔尼诺条件下柔鱼适宜栖息面积均大于中等强度厄尔尼诺条件。
- 柔鱼 /
- 栖息地 /
- 海表温度 /
- 适宜范围 /
- 年代际变化 /
- 西北太平洋
Abstract: The neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii is a short-lived squid species, its suitable habitat is primarily dominated by the water temperature. In this study, the fishery data during 2006-2015 were obtained from the Chinese squid-jigging Science and Technology Group. Based on the relationship between the fishing effort and sea surface temperature (SST), we calculated the monthly proportion of favorable-SST area (PFSST) for O. bartramii, and further estimated the PFSST during 1985-2015. The decadal variability in the PFSST was examined and we also evaluated the influence of El Niño and La Niña events with different intensity on squid PFSST. Results suggested that the suitable SST for O. bartramii dramatically varied from month to month, corresponding to 16-19℃, 17-21℃, 15-19℃, 14-16℃ and 12-13℃, respectively, from July to November. The catch per unit effort (CPUE) varied with the PFSST, significantly positive correlation was found between them, suggesting that the PFSST on the fishing ground of O. bartramii increased, the CPUE would increase. The PFSST over 1985-2015 showed clearly monthly and interannual variability, which initially increased then decreased from July to November. Interannual variability of PFSST in July, August and September was basically the same, and similar interannual fluctuation in PFSST was found in October and November. Furthermore, significant positive relationship was found between the PFSST and SST on the fishing ground of O. bartramii during 1985-2015. The PFSST on the fishing ground of O. bartramii was greatly affected by the El Niño and La Niña events, but the influence varied with the intensity of each climatic event, which presented as:the SST under the weak La Niña event and normal climatic condition was the highest, the PFSST significantly increased; the SST under the Niña event with moderate and strong intensity was also high, however, the PFSST decreased. The SST under the El Niño events with weak, moderate and very strong intensity was low, while the PFSST for weak and very strong El Niño events was higher than that under the moderate El Niño event.
- Ommastrephes bartramii /
- habitat /
- sea surface temperature /
- suitable area /
- decadal variability /
- the northwest Pacific Ocean

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