健康与白化状态下珊瑚共生菌的群落组成与功能差异

林姿君; 蔡中华; 林光辉; 周进

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.02.011

健康与白化状态下珊瑚共生菌的群落组成与功能差异

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.02.011

1.
清华大学地球系统科学系, 北京 100084
2.
清华大学深圳研究生院海洋学部, 广东深圳 518055
3.
清华大学地球系统科学系, 北京 100084;清华大学深圳研究生院海洋学部, 广东深圳 518055

基金项目: 广东省自然科学基金（2014A030313774）；广东省海洋与渔业厅科技攻关与研发项目（A201603D05）；深圳市科技创新委计划（JCYJ20150529164918736，JCYJ20150831192329178）；国家海洋局南海分局局长基金（20161615）。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-07-15

Community composition and functional differences of symbiotic bacteria in healthy and blenching coral

1.
Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2.
Division of Ocean Science and Technology Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
3.
Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;Division of Ocean Science and Technology Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究珊瑚共生菌对白化的响应，采用OTU分析和Biolog技术对比了鹿角杯形珊瑚（Pocillopora damicornis）健康个体与白化个体细菌群落在结构和功能上的差异。结果显示：物种组成（属水平）上两者的优势成分相似，均由聚球菌Synechococcus占主导（大于50%）；其余组分中，红球菌Pelagibacter、谱尼螺杆菌Puniceispirillum、珊瑚微球菌Coraliomargarita和光合细菌Photobacterium在健康个体中居多；而厚壁菌Actinomarina、梨形浮霉菌Blastopirellula以及一些病原菌（如弧菌Vibrio、单胞菌Pseudospirillum、Alteromonas和考克斯氏体Coxiella）在白化个体中占优。生物多样性显示白化组的α-多样性（Chao Ⅰ，Shannon index）显著低于健康组（P<0.05）。Personal分析表明温度和营养盐（硝酸盐、磷酸盐）是影响物种组成最相关的环境因子。功能分析显示：在碳源的利用上，健康组对碳源的利用从大到小的顺序为羧酸类、氨基酸类、双亲化合物、糖类、多聚物、胺类；而白化组对碳源的利用偏向糖类、氨基酸和胺类。羧酸和糖类的利用率导致了白化组与健康组对碳源摄取能力的差异。氮源的利用上两者均以无机氮为主，但白化组显示出部分消耗有机氮（肽）的能力。磷源的代谢上两者均优先利用无机磷，而白化组弱化了对有机磷的代谢能力。本次研究的结果表明白化降低了珊瑚共生菌的生物多样性，并引起了菌群对C、N、P的代谢差异，致使共生微生物呈现结构和功能上的变化。
- 珊瑚 /
- 白化 /
- 共生菌 /
- 结构 /
- 功能差异
Abstract: In order to assess the influence of bleaching on coral (Pocillopora damicornis) symbiotic microbial communities and functions, microbial structure and functional diversity were evaluated using OTU analysis and BIOLOG Ecoplates method. The results showed that Chao Ⅰ index was significantly lower in bleaching individuals than the healthy ones (P<0.05). Among the microbial communities (genus level), Synechococcus was the dominant population (more than 50%) in the experimental groups and the controls, and not found the significant difference between the two status. However, some significant differences have observed. Pelagibacter, Puniceispirillum, Coraliomargarita and Photobacterium were abundant in healthy individuals, whereas Actinomarina, Blastopirellula and some pathogenic bacteria(like Vibrio, Pseudospirillum, Alteromonas and Coxiella)were enrichment in bleaching coral. Personal analysis shows that the temperature and nutrients (nitrate and phosphate) were the most correlated environmental factors with the species composition. Functional analysis using average well color development (AWCD) showed that the order of carbon source utilization in healthy group was carboxylic acids > amino acids > amphiphiles carbohydrate > polymers > amine. Whereas the sugars, amino acids and amines were the preferred carbon sources in bleaching group. The different utilization ability of carboxylic acid and sugar result in carbon metabolism change between the two groups. To the nitrogen source, both of the groups dominated by inorganic nitrogen, but the bleaching group showed certain ability to utilize organic peptide. Inorganic phosphorus was the main phosphorus source in both groups and it has the priority to be use. Compared with the healthy groups, the bleaching individuals decrease some ability to consumption organic polyphosphates. Taken together, this work showed that the bleaching event reduced coral symbiotic microbial diversity and changed the metabolic potential to C, N, and P source. Bleaching event had a significant impact on coral symbiotic microbial communities and functional activity.
- coral /
- bleaching /
- symbiotic bacteria /
- structural composition /
- functional differences

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