Study on dynamics of net-phytoplankton in Bohai Bay ecological monitoring area in summer from 2004 to 2015
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摘要: 基于2004-2015年12年的夏季渤海湾生态监控区浮游植物网样数据,开展浮游植物群落及96种定种的多年变化研究。结果表明:12年共鉴定出5门120种,硅藻占绝对优势,甲藻次之,赤潮生物种类占定种的59%;各年份物种数变化范围为23~61种,年平均细胞丰度范围为(7~87 731)×104个/m3,物种多样性指数范围为1.13~3.04,丰富度指数范围0.36~1.12,均匀度指数范围0.31~0.72;12年中生物种类数、细胞丰度总体呈上升趋势,多样性指数、丰富度指数在波动中呈上升趋势,均匀度指数呈略有下降趋势;样品中几乎每年都出现的物种有10种,只检出1年的物种有23种;站位检出率不小于50%的物种只有4种,小于0.01%的有57种;星脐圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus asteromphalus)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、格氏圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus granii)、叉角藻(Ceratium furca)和旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros curvisetus)为该区域的优势种;近5年细胞丰度水平普遍比2010年前高,格氏圆筛藻(C.granii)、中肋骨条藻(S.costatum)、夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)等10种常见种密度呈增长趋势,较常见种长菱形藻(Nitzschia longissima)、星脐圆筛藻(C.asteromphalus)和北方角毛藻(Chaetoceros borealis)多年呈下降趋势。本研究有助于掌握该区域浮游植物物种的本底情况及演变趋势。Abstract: Based on the net-phytoplankton data collected from Bohai Bay ecological monitoring area in the summer of 2004-2015, interannual variability in phytoplankton community and 96 species were studied. Results showed, a total of 5 phyla including 120 species of phytoplankton were identified in recent 12 years, in which diatoms and dinoflagellates are the most dominant groups and 59% are red-tide species. The species numbers of all the years varied from 23 to 61, and annual cell abundances from 7×104 cells/m3 to 87 731×104 cells/m3. The biodiversity indexes ranged from 1.13 to 3.04, richness indexes 0.36-1.12 and evenness indexes 0.31-0.72. During 12 years, the species numbers and cell abundances have displayed an increasing trend, while the biodiversity and richness increased with fluctuation, the evenness index showed a slight trend of declination. Around 10 species were identified every year, and 23 species were only observed once. For the occurrence rate, only 4 species occurred in more than 50% stations, and 57 species less than 0.01% stations. Coscinodiscus asteromphalus, Skeletonema costatum, Coscinodiscus granii, Ceratium furca and Chaetoceros curvisetus were dominant species. The cell abundances in recent 5 years were much higher than those before 2010. Specifically, 10 common species showed a blooming trend such as Coscinodiscus granii, Skeletonema costatum and Noctiluca scintillans. While sub-common species such as Nitzschia longissima, Coscinodiscus asteromphalus and Chaetoceros borealis decreased gradually. This study would be of great significance to understand current phytoplankton status and variation trends.
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