基于SODA资料的太平洋及我国周边海域温差能资源时空特征分析

闫恒乾; 王辉赞; 周树道; 刘均; 王龙

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.11.012

基于SODA资料的太平洋及我国周边海域温差能资源时空特征分析

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.11.012

1.
国防科技大学气象海洋学院, 江苏南京 211101
2.
国防科技大学气象海洋学院, 江苏南京 211101;国家海洋局第二海洋研究所卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310012
3.
南海舰队水文气象中心, 广东湛江 524001
4.
解放军第91329部队, 山东威海 264200

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年基金（41206002，41305045，41306010）；国家海洋局第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项（JG1406）；中国博士后科学基金（2014M551711）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（41375002）；江苏省自然科学基金面上项目（BK2016461）。

计量
- 文章访问数: 1049
- HTML全文浏览量: 27
- PDF下载量: 467
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-08-04
- 修回日期: 2017-03-26

Analysis on the temporal and spatial characteristics of the thermal energy in the Pacific Ocean and the sea area surrounding China based on SODA data

1.
Institute of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing 211101, China
2.
Institute of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing 211101, China;State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
3.
Hydrologic and Meteorological Center of the South Fleet, Zhanjiang 524001, China
4.
No. 91329 Army of PLA, Weihai 264200, China

摘要

摘要: 基于简单海洋数据同化数据集的逐月再分析海温资料，对1971年1月至2010年12月共40年的太平洋及我国周边海域温差能资源的时空特征进行统计分析，得到以下主要结论：（1）温差季节变化特征明显，北半球的20℃等温差线从冬季到夏季可由20°N扩展到40°N，而南半球的温差受季节变化相对较小；温差能有效开采区域集中在30°S~40°N范围内，但纬向分布不均；可近似将气候态平均的20℃等温差线作为全年可开采区域的边界；（2）太平洋绝大部分海域的温差能等价深度呈逐年上升趋势，最大可达近2 m/a；温差能的变异系数具有明显季节变化特征但总体维持在较低水平，有效开采区域之内的变异系数在各季节均低于0.1；（3）我国温差能资源在南海及台湾以东海域最为丰富，其温差维持较高水平，能量密度总体呈逐年上升趋势，能量的稳定性较好且可实现全年有效开采，其最佳利用时间为5-7月，最差利用时间为2-3月；（4）太平洋温差能储量在TW量级，且以2.83 GW/a的趋势递增。
- 温差能 /
- 有效开采区域 /
- 最佳利用时间 /
- 线性趋势 /
- 稳定性 /
- 可开发量
Abstract: Based on the monthly ocean temperature reanalysis data from SODA datasets, this paper makes a statistical analysis on the temporal and spatial characteristic of the thermal energy in the Pacific Ocean and the sea area surrounding China during January 1971 to December 2010. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the temperature difference between the upper and deep layer has obvious seasonal variations; from boreal winter to summer, the 20℃ iso-temperature-difference line extend from 20°N to 40°N in the Northern Hemisphere, while the variation in the Southern Hemisphere is relatively small; the efficient exploiting area ranges from 30°S to 40°N, of which the zonal distribution isn't even; the climatology 20℃ iso-temperature-difference line can be approximately the boundary of the all-time exploiting area. (2) The equivalent head of thermal energy tends to grow yearly in most areas of the Pacific Ocean with the maximum growth rate of 2 m/a; the variable coefficient of thermal energy has obvious seasonal variations but remains at low level, which is basically lower than 0.1 in the efficient exploiting area regardless of the season. (3) The thermal energy resource in the sea area surrounding China is most abundant in South China Sea and the east of Taiwan Island, where the temperature difference maintains at high level and the energy density is on rise year by year, where the stability of energy is satisfactory and the efficient exploiting time is the whole year, where the best exploiting time is May to July. (4) The available exploitation amount in the Pacific Ocean is on the order of TW and has a rising trend of 2.83 GW/a.
- thermal energy /
- efficient exploiting area /
- best exploiting time /
- linear trend /
- stability /
- available exploitation amount

HTML全文

参考文献(35)

肖钢, 马强, 马丽. 海洋能:蓝色的宝藏[M]. 武汉: 武汉大学出版社, 2015. Xiao Gang, Ma Qiang, Ma Li. Ocean Energy: The Blue Treasure[M]. Wuhan: Wuhan University Press, 2015.

Fujita R, Markham A C, Diaz J E D, et al. Revisiting ocean thermal energy conversion[J]. Marine Policy, 2012, 36(2):463-465.

Kreider J F, Kreith F. Solar Energy Handbook[M]. New York, USA: McGrawHill Book Co., 1981.

Nihous G C. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion[M]. Singapore: The World Scientific Handbook of Energy, 2013, 3: 359.

苏佳纯, 曾恒一, 肖钢, 等. 海洋温差能发电技术研究现状及在我国的发展前景[J]. 中国海上油气, 2012, 24(4):84-98. Su Jiachun, Zeng Hengyi, Xiao Gang, et al. Research status and prospect of ocean thermal energy conversion technology[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2012, 24(4):84-98.

王祺, 汪东, 陈建秋. 海洋温差能发电的一种新设想[J]. 节能与环保, 2003(5):33-35. Wang Qi, Wang Dong, Chen Jianqiu. A new design of ocean thermal energy conversion[J]. Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection, 2003(5):33-35.

刘伟民. 15kW温差能发电装置研究及试验[J]. 中国科技成果, 2014(10):17. Liu Weimin. Research and experiment on thermal energy conversion device[J]. China Science and Technology Achievements,2014(10):17.

国家海洋技术中心. 中国海洋能技术进展(2014)[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 2014. National Ocean Technology Center. Advances in China Ocean Thermal Energy Technology[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 2014.

国家海洋技术中心. 中国海洋能技术进展(2015)[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 2015. National Ocean Technology Center. Advances in China Ocean Thermal Energy Technology[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 2015.

Beaudoin G, Robertson D, Davidson N, et al. Technological challenges to commercial-scale application of marine renewables[J]. Oceanography, 2010, 23(2):32-41.

Vega L A. Ocean thermal energy conversion primer[J]. Marine Technology Society Journal, 2002, 36(4): 25-35.

陈凤云, 刘伟民, 彭景平. 海洋温差能发电技术的发展与展望[J]. 绿色科技, 2012(11):246-248. Chen Fengyun, Liu Weimin, Peng Jingping. Development and prospect of ocean thermal energy conversion technology[J]. Journal of Green Science and Technology, 2012(11):246-248.

Trimble L C, Naef F E. Ocean thermal energy conversion[C]//Offshore Technology Conference. Proceedings, Third Workshop of Ocean Thermal Energu Conversion(OTEC). Houston, Taxas: World Heritage Encuclopedia, 1975.

Fuller R D. Ocean thermal energy conversion[J]. Ocean Management, 1978, 4(2): 241-258.

Ford G, Niblett C, Walker L. Ocean thermal-energy conversion[J]. IEEE Proceedings A-Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education-Reviews, 1983, 130(2): 93.

Zalba B, José MaMarín, Cabeza L F, et al. Review on thermal energy storage with phase change: materials, heat transfer analysis and applications[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2003, 23(3):251-283.

王俊雄, 马捷, 倪园芳, 等. 海洋温差能驱动系统的原理和结构[J]. 华北电力大学学报, 2007, 34(2):122-125. Wang Junxiong, Ma Jie, Ni Yuanfang, et al. Principle and structure of ocean thermal power system[J]. Journal of North China Electric Power University, 2007, 34(2):122-125.

马捷, 孔巧玲, 刘雁集. 固-液相变储能及其在水下运载器驱动上的应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2013, 2(5):528-534. Ma Jie, Kong Qiaoling, Liu Yanji. Solid-liquid phase change energy storage for driving an underwater glider[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2013,2(5):528-534.

Ma Zhesong, Wang Yanhui, Wang Shuxin, et al. Ocean thermal energy harvesting with phase change material for underwater glider[J]. Applied Energy, 2016, 178:557-566.

Nihous G C. An order-of-magnitude estimate of ocean thermal energy conversion resources[J]. Journal of Energy Resources Technology Transactions of the Asme, 2005, 127(4):328-333.

Nihous G C. A preliminary assessment of ocean thermal energy conversion resources[J]. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 2007, 129(1):10-17.

Nihous G C. An estimate of Atlantic Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) resources[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2007, 34(17/18):2210-2221.

吴文, 蒋文诰. 我国海水温差能资源蕴藏量和可开发量估算[J]. 海洋工程, 1988, 6(1):79-88. Wu Wen, Jiang Wengao. The estimate of the reservoir capacity and the exploitable quality of China oceanic thermal energy[J]. Ocean Engineering, 1988, 6(1):79-88.

Leland A, Driscoll F, Van Zwieten J, et al. Ocean thermal energy capacity estimation and resource assessment of Southeast Florida[C]//Offshore Technology Conference. Proceedings, Third Workshop of Ocean Thermal Energu Conversion(OTEC). Houston, Taxas: World Heritage Encuclopedia, 1975.

Rajagopalan K, Nihous G C. Estimates of global Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) resources using an ocean general circulation model[J]. Renewable Energy, 2013, 50(6): 532-540.

王传崑, 卢苇. 海洋能资源分析方法及储量评估[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 2009. Wang Chuankun, Lu Wei. Analysis Methods and Reserves Evaluation of Ocean Energy Resources[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 2009.

Waluyo J, Majid M A A. Temperature profile and thermocline thickness evaluation of a stratified thermal energy storage tank[J]. International Journal of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering, 2010, 10(1):7-12.

Shekarbaghani A. Determine the best location for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) in Iranian Seas[J]. Modern Applied Science, 2016, 10(5): 32.

倪晨华, 马治忠, 杜小平. 海洋温差能资源储量计算方法及应用[C]//第二届中国海洋可再生能源发展年会暨论坛论文集. 北京: 海洋出版社, 2013. Ni Chenhua, Ma Zhizhong, Du Xiaoping. Caculation method and application of ocean thermal energy capacity[C]//China Marine Renewable Energy Development Forum. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 2013.

Wick G L, Schmitt W R. Prospects for renewable energy from sea[J]. Marine Technology Society Journal, 1977, 11(5/6): 16-21.

Talley L D, Pickard G L, Emery W J, et al. Descriptive Physical Oceanography: An Introduction[M]. London: Academic Press, 2011.

刘衍韫, 刘秦玉, 潘爱军. 太平洋海气界面净热通量的季节、年际和年代际变化[J]. 中国海洋大学学报: 自然科学版, 2004, 34(3): 341-350. Liu Yanyun, Liu Qinyu, Pan Aijun. Seasonal, annual and decadal variations of air-sea heat fluxes in the Northern Pacific Ocean[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2004, 34(3):341-350.

叶安乐, 李凤岐. 物理海洋学[M]. 青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社, 1992. Ye Anle, Li Fengqi. Physical Oceanography[M]. Qingdao: Qingdao Ocean University Press, 1992.

Stocker T F, Qin D, Plattner G K, et al. IPCC, 2013: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of working group i to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change[J]. Computational Geometry, 2013, 18(2):95-123.

郑崇伟, 周林, 周立佳. 西沙、南沙海域波浪及波浪能季节变化特征[J]. 海洋科学进展, 2011, 29(4):419-426. Zheng Chongwei, Zhou Lin, Zhou Lijia. Seasonal variation of wave and wave energy in Xisha and Nansha sea area[J]. Advances in Marine Science, 2011, 29(4):419-426.

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计