Analysis on annual changes and reasons in high yield fishing areas for tuna purse seine in Western-Central Pacific
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摘要: 金枪鱼类是中西太平洋海域重要的经济鱼种,其中鲣产量约占到总产量的50%。本研究利用1995-2010年16年的中西太平洋(20°S~20°N,120°E~155°W)鲣围网生产统计数据和Niño3.4海区(5°S~5°N,120°~170°W)海表温度异常数据,对这16年鲣产量最高的十大渔区(5°×5°)进行时空格局分析,讨论渔场分布差异及CPUE与ENSO指数的关系。结果表明:16年间十大作业渔区主要分布在5°S~5°N、130°~175°E区域,这十大渔区产量占总产量的比重达47.5%,其中5°S~0°、155°~160°E,0°~5°N、130°~135°E,0°~5°N、135°~140°E及5°S~0°、160°~165°E等4个渔区产量占高产渔区产量的比重均超过10%,是中西太平洋重要的鲣产区。高产渔区的分布受海表温度影响较大,在厄尔尼诺时期,高产渔区分布明显偏东,主要分布在155°~180°E海域;在拉尼娜时期,高产渔区分布明显偏西,主要分布在130°~160°E海域。Abstract: Tuna is a commercially important species in the Western-Central Pacific. The skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) yield accounts for about 50% of total production. In this study, differences in the distribution of fishing grounds and the relationship between CPUE (Catch Per Unit Effort) and ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) index are discussed through the temporal and spatial analysis of top 10 fishing areas based on the tuna purse seine catches in Western-Central Pacific (20°S-20°N, 120°E-155°W) and ENSO SSTA (sea surface temperature anomaly) data of Niño 3.4 region (5°S-5°N, 120°-170°W) collected from 1995 to 2010. The result indicated that the top 10 high yield fishing areas distributed mainly in 5°S-5°N, 130°-175°W region, which account for almost 47.5% in total production. Among them, four fishing areas like 5°-0°S,155°-160°E; 0°-5°N, 130°-135°E; 0°-5°N, 135°-140°E and 5°-0°S, 160°-165°E all have more than 10% of the top 10 high yield fishing areas' production, which are the important skipjack production areas in the Western-Central Pacific. High yield fishing areas are easily affected by SST (sea surface temperature) which are eastward distributed in 155°-180°E region during El Niño events, and westward distributed in 130°-160°E region during La Niña events.
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Key words:
- high yield fishing areas /
- skipjack /
- Western-Central Pacific /
- El Niño
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