2003-2012年间白令海峡断面淡水构成的时空变化

潘红; 陈敏; 童金炉; 邱雨生; 郑敏芳

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2015.11.013

2003-2012年间白令海峡断面淡水构成的时空变化

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2015.11.013

1.
厦门大学海洋与地球学院, 福建厦门 361102
2.
厦门大学海洋与地球学院, 福建厦门 361102;近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室, 福建厦门 361102

基金项目: 南北极环境综合考察与评估专项(CHINARE2015-03-04-03,CHINARE2015-04-03-05);国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(41125020);海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105022-4)。

计量
- 文章访问数: 1247
- HTML全文浏览量: 31
- PDF下载量: 1018
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-05-01

Spatial and temporal variations of freshwater components at a transect near the Bering Strait during 2003-2012

1.
College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
2.
College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen 361102, China

摘要

摘要: 通过对2003-2012年间白令海峡64.3°N断面海水氧同位素组成的分析,应用海水δ¹⁸O值和盐度的质量平衡关系区分出淡水中河水和海冰融化水组分的贡献,探讨白令海峡淡水组成的分布特征及其年际变化。研究表明,断面东侧阿拉斯加沿岸水影响区呈现低δ¹⁸O值、低盐、高温、高河水组分的特征,西侧阿拉德尔水具有高δ¹⁸O值、高盐、低海冰融化水的特征,中部白令陆架水的δ¹⁸O值、盐度和淡水组成则居于上述二者之间。阿拉斯加沿岸水影响区河水组分的份额约为阿拉德尔水和白令陆架水的2倍,并呈现出2010年 > 2012年 > 2003年 > 2008年的时间变化规律,受控于育空河入海径流量的时间变化。白令陆架水和阿拉斯加沿岸水影响区的海冰融化水份额较为接近,均比阿拉德尔水影响区的海冰融化水份额高约45%。海冰融化水的年际变化表现出2003年 > 2008年≈2012年 > 2010年的规律,受控于白令海海冰的年际变动。从断面淡水构成看,通过白令海峡的淡水平均由46%的河水和54%的海冰融化水构成,且阿拉德尔水、白令陆架水和阿拉斯加沿岸水影响区河水组分与海冰融化水组分的比值自2003年至2012年间呈增加趋势,证明太平洋入流中淡水构成的变化对北冰洋海冰的融化也起着一定的作用。
- 白令海峡 /
- 淡水 /
- 海冰融化水 /
- 河水 /
- 时间变化 /
- ¹⁸O
Abstract: Seawater δ¹⁸O at a transect along 64.3°N near Bering strait from 2003 to 2012 was determined, and the fractions of sea-ice melted water (SIM) and river water (RW) were calculated using mass balance of salinity and δ¹⁸O. The spatial distribution and interannual variability of freshwater components in the Bering Strait were discussed. Our results showed that the signals of depleted δ¹⁸O, low salinity, warmer temperatures and higher river runoff fractions were found in the region affected by the Alaska Coastal Water (ACW) on the eastern part of the section, while high δ¹⁸O, high salinity, and lower sea-ice melted water fractions were observed in the western part with the influence of Anadyr water. The moderate properties were revealed in the middle part of the section with the influence of the Bering Shelf Water. The fractions of river runoff in the region affected by the Alaska Coastal Water were approximately twice as much as in regions affected by the Bering Shelf Water and the Anadyr Water. The interannual variation of river runoff fractions in regions affected by the Alaska Coastal Water showed a characteristic of 2010 > 2012 > 2003 > 2008, which was regulated by the interannual variation of the Yukon River discharge. The fractions of sea-ice melted water were similar in the regions affected by the Bering Shelf Water and the Alaska Coastal Water, and higher (~45%) than those in the region affected by the Anadyr Water. The interannual variation of sea-ice melted water fractions showed a characteristic of 2003>2008≈2012 > 2010, controlled by the interannual variation of sea ice cover in the Bering Sea. The freshwater pass through the Bering Strait was constitute of 46% river water and 54% sea-ice melted water in average. The fraction ratios of river water to sea-ice melted water in the regions affected by the Alaskan Coastal Water, the Bering Shelf Water, and the Anadyr Water increased during 2003 to 2012, indicating that the freshwater components in the Pacific inflow also play a role in sea ice melting in the Arctic Ocean.
- Bering Strait /
- fresh water /
- sea-ice melted water /
- river water /
- temporal variation /
- ¹⁸O

HTML全文

参考文献(39)

Woodgate R A, Aagaard K. Revising the Bering Strait freshwater flux into the Arctic Ocean[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2005, 32: L02602.

Shi J X, Cao Y, Zhao J P, et al. Distribution of Pacific-origin water in the region of the Chukchi Plateau in the Arctic Ocean in the summer of 2003[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2005, 24(6):12-24.

Aagaard K, Carmack E. The role of sea ice and other fresh water in the Arctic circulation[J]. J Geophys Res, 1989, 94: 14485-14498.

Wadley M R, Bigg G R. Impact of flow through the Canadian Archipelago and Bering Strait on the North Atlantic and Arctic circulation: an ocean modelling study[J]. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 2002, 128(585): 2187-2203.

Chen M, Huang Y P, Jin M M, et al. The sources of the upper and lower halocline water in the Canada Basin derived from isotopic tracers[J]. Science in China (Series D), 2003, 46(6): 625-639.

Shimada K, Kamoshida T, Itoh M, et al. Pacific Ocean inflow: influence on catastrophic reduction of sea ice cover in the Arctic Ocean[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2006, 33: L08605.

Chen M, Xing N, Huang Y P, et al. The mean residence time of river water in the Canada Basin[J]. Chin Sci Bull, 2008, 53(5): 777-783.

Woodgate R A, Weingartner T, Lindsay R. The 2007 Bering Strait oceanic heat flux and anomalous Arctic sea-ice retreat[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2010, 37:L01602.

Woodgate R A, Weingartner T, Lindsay R. Observed increases in Bering Strait oceanic fluxes from the Pacific to the Arctic from 2001 to 2011 and their impacts on the Arctic Ocean water column[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2012, 39: L24603.

高众勇, 孙恒, 陈立奇, 等. 夏季北冰洋淡水分布的总碱度示踪研究[J]. 极地研究, 2012, 24(2): 120-128. Gao Zhongyong, Sun Heng, Chen Liqi, et al. Summertime fresh water fractions in the surface water of the western arctic ocean evaluated from total alkalinity[J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research, 2012, 24(2): 120-128.

Pan H, Chen M, Tong J L, et al. Variation of freshwater components in the Canada Basin during 1967-2010[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2014, 33(6): 40-45.

Cooper L, Whitledge T, Grebmeier J, et al. The nutrient, salinity, and stable oxygen isotope composition of Bering and Chukchi Seas waters in and near the Bering Strait[J]. J Geophys Res-Oceans, 1997, 102: 12563-12573.

Chen M, Huang Y P, Guo L D, et al. Biological productivity and carbon cycling in the Arctic Ocean[J]. Chin Sci Bull, 2002, 47(12): 1037-1040.

李宏亮, 陈建芳, 高生泉, 等. 西北冰洋中太平洋入流水营养盐的变化特征[J]. 海洋学报, 2011, 33(2): 85-95. Li Hongliang, Chen Jianfang, Gao Shengquan, et al. Nutrients variation of the Pacific inflow in the western Arctic Ocean[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2011, 33(2): 85-95.

Chen M, Ma Q, Guo L D, et al. Importance of lateral transport processes to ²¹⁰Pb budget in the eastern Chukchi Sea during summer 2003[J]. Deep-Sea Res II, 2012(81/84): 53-62.

Grebmeier J M, Cooper L W, DeNiro M J. Oxygen isotopic composition of bottom seawater and tunicate cellulose used as indicators of water masses in the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas[J]. Limnol Oceanogr, 1990, 35: 1182-1195.

Zhao J P, Shi J X, Gao G P, et al. Water mass of the northward throughflow in the Bering Strait in the summer of 2003[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2006, 25(2): 25-32.

陈敏, 李艳平, 邱雨生, 等. 白令海峡水团来源的镭同位素示踪[J]. 海洋学报, 2011, 33(2):69-76. Chen Min, Li Yanping, Qiu Yusheng, et al. Water masses in the Bering Strait revealed by radium isotopes[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2011, 33(2): 69-76.

Danielson S, Aagaard K, Weingartner T, et al. The St. Lawrence polynya and the Bering shelf circulation: new observations that test the models[J]. J Geophys Res, 2006, 111: C09023.

高郭平, 赵进平, 董兆乾, 等. 白令海峡海域夏季温、盐分布及变化[J]. 极地研究, 2004, 16(3):229-239. Gao Guoping, Zhao Jinping, Dong Zhaoqian, et al. Distribution and variation of temperature and salinity around the Bering Strait[J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research, 2004, 16(3): 229-239.

Whitefield J, Winsor P, McClelland J, et al. A new river discharge and river temperature climatology data set for the pan-Arctic region[J]. Ocean Modelling, 2015, 88: 1-15.

Holmes R M, McClelland J W, Peterson B J, et al. Seasonal and annual fluxes of nutrients and organic matter from large rivers to the Arctic Ocean and surrounding seas[J]. Estuaries and Coasts, 2012, 35(2): 369-382.

Danielson S, Eisner L, Weingartner T, et al. Thermal and haline variability over the central Bering Sea shelf: seasonal and interannual perspectives[J]. Cont Shelf Res, 2011, 31: 539-554.

Östlund H G, Hut G. Arctic Ocean water mass balance from isotope data[J]. J Geophys Res, 1984, 89: 6373-6382.

Macdonald R, Paton D, Carmack E, et al. The freshwater budget and under-ice spreading of Mackenzie River water in the Canadian Beaufort Sea based on salinity and ¹⁸O/¹⁶O measurements in water and ice[J]. J Geophys Res, 1995, 100: 895-920.

Bauch D, Erlenkeuser H, Andersen N. Water mass processes on Arctic shelves as revealed from δ¹⁸O of H₂O[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 2005, 48: 165-174.

童金炉, 陈敏, 潘红, 等. 夏季楚科奇海河水与海冰融化水组分的空间变化特征[J]. 海洋学报, 2014, 36(10):90-102. Tong Jinlu, Chen Min, Pan Hong, et al. Distribution of river water and sea-ice melted water in Chukchi Sea in summer[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2014, 36(10): 90-102.

Tong J L, Chen M, Qiu Y S, et al. Contrasting patterns of river runoff and sea-ice melted water in the Canada Basin[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2014, 33(6): 46-52.

Bourg C, Stievenard M, Jouzel J. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of aqueous salt solutions by gas-water equilibration method[J]. Chemical Geology, 2001, 173: 331-337.

Macdonald R W, Mclaughlin F A, Carmack E C. Fresh water and its sources during the SHEBA drift in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean[J]. Deep Sea Research I, 2002, 49: 1769-1785.

Ekwurzel B, Schlosser P, Mortlock R A, et al. River runoff, sea ice meltwater, and Pacific water distribution and mean residence times in the Arctic Ocean [J]. J Geophys Res-Oceans, 2001, 106: 9075-9092.

Yamamoto-Kawai M, Tanaka N, Pivovarov S. Freshwater and brine behaviors in the Arctic Ocean deduced from historical data of δ¹⁸O and alkalinity (1929-2002AD)[J]. J Geophys Res-Oceans, 2005, 110, doi: 10.1029/2004JC002793.

赵进平, 史久新, 高郭平, 等. 2003年夏季白令海峡北向流水体结构研究[M]//快速变化中的北极海洋环境. 北京:科学出版社, 2011: 2-10. Zhao Jinping, Shi Jiuxin, Gao Guoping, et al. Water mass of the northward throughflow in the Bering Strait in the summer of 2003[M]//Rapid Change in Arctic Ocean Environments. Beijing: China Science Press, 2011: 2-10.

Ge S, Yang D, Kane D L. Yukon river basin long-term (1977-2006) hydrologic and climatic analysis[J]. Hydrological Processes, 2013, 27: 2475-2484.

Wendler G, Chen L, Moore B. Recent sea ice increase and temperature decrease in the Bering Sea area, Alaska[J]. Theor Appl Climatol, 2014, 117: 393-398.

Woodgate R A, Aagaard K, Weingartner T J. Interannual changes in the Bering Strait fluxes of volume, heat and freshwater between 1991 and 2004[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2006, 33: L15609.

Brabets T P, Walvoord M A. Trends in streamflow in the Yukon River Basin from 1944 to 2005 and the influence of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2009, 371(1): 108-119.

Chan P, Halfar J, Williams B, et al. Freshening of the Alaska Coastal Current recorded by coralline algal Ba/Ca ratios[J]. J Geophys Res-Biogeosciences, 2011, 116, doi: 10.1029/2010JG001548.

Stroeve J C, Serreze M C, Holland M M, et al. The Arctic rapidly shrinking sea ice cover: a research synthesis[J]. Climatic Change, 2012, 110: 1005-1027.

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计